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Dedicated Mycosis Flask Increases the Likelihood of Identifying Candidemia Sepsis","ParentTitle":"Journal of Fungi","ShortTitle":"Ahlstrom (2023)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2023","Month":"","StandardNumber":"2309-608X","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"Ahlstrom, Magnus G. Department of Clinical Microbiology, Herlev & Gentofte Hospital, 2730 Herlev, Denmark. Antsupova, Valeria S. Department of Clinical Microbiology, Herlev & Gentofte Hospital, 2730 Herlev, Denmark. Pedersen, Michael. Department of Clinical Microbiology, Amager & Hvidovre Hospital, 2650 Hvidovre, Denmark. Johansen, Helle Krogh. Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Johansen, Helle Krogh. Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark. Hansen, Dennis Schroder. Department of Clinical Microbiology, Herlev & Gentofte Hospital, 2730 Herlev, Denmark. Knudsen, Inge Jenny Dahl. Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.","Volume":"9","Pages":"04","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=pmnm8&DO=10.3390%2fjof9040441","OldItemId":"1137","Abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Candidemia is a severe condition associated with high mortality, and fungi are often not covered by empiric antimicrobial regimes for sepsis. Therefore, the shortest possible time to detection of yeast in the blood is of the essence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a cohort study of blood culture flasks drawn from patients aged 18 or older in the capital region of Denmark. In 2018 a blood cultures set consisted of two aerobic and two anaerobic flasks. This was changed in 2020 to two aerobic, one anaerobic, and one mycosis flask. We used time-to-event statistics to model time to positivity and compared 2018 with 2020; further, we stratified analyses on the blood culture system used (BacTAlert TM vs. BACTEC TM) and high-risk vs. low-risk departments. RESULTS: We included 175,416 blood culture sets and 107,077 unique patients. We found an absolute difference in the likelihood of identifying fungi in a blood culture set of 1.2 (95% CI: 0.72; 1.6) pr. 1.000 blood culture sets corresponding to the number needed to treat 853 (617; 1382). In high-risk departments, the absolute difference was profound, whereas it was negligible and statistically non-significant in low-risk departments 5.2 (95% CI: 3.4; 7.1) vs. 0.16 (-0.17; 0.48) pr. 1.000 blood culture sets. CONCLUSIONS: We found that including a mycosis flask in a blood culture set increases the likelihood of identifying candidemia. The effect was mainly seen in high-risk departments.","Comments":"Using Smart Source Parsing\r\nApr\r\nAhlstrom, Magnus G\r\nAntsupova, Valeria S\r\nPedersen, Michael\r\nJohansen, Helle Krogh\r\nHansen, Dennis Schroder\r\nKnudsen, Inge Jenny Dahl\r\n441","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Ahlstrom M G; Antsupova V S; Pedersen M; Johansen H K; Hansen D S; Knudsen I J. D; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof9040441","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Ahlstrom M G, Antsupova V S, Pedersen M, Johansen H K, Hansen D S, and Knudsen I J. D (2023) A Dedicated Mycosis Flask Increases the Likelihood of Identifying Candidemia Sepsis. Journal of Fungi 9, 04 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof9040441"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437643,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958258,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437696,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958260,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975822,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20019833,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437731,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":130469361,"Title":"A Successful Campaign to Encourage Blood Cultures","ParentTitle":"Japanese Journal of Environmental Infections","ShortTitle":"Akane (2013)","DateCreated":"10/07/2026","CreatedBy":"David Marshall","DateEdited":"10/07/2026","EditedBy":"David Marshall","Year":"2013","Month":"","StandardNumber":"","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"","Pages":"","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"","OldItemId":"109","Abstract":"\"We launched a campaign to encourage blood cultures at our hospital to enhance the quality of infectious disease diagnosis and treatment. To evaluate the e ect of this campaign, surveys were conducted on patients hospitalized over a three-year period from 2009 to 2011 to investigate the number of blood cultures, the rate of positive results, contamination rates, and isolated bacteria. The number of blood cultures increased from 1,404 in 2009 to 1,631 in 2010 and 1,833 in 2011, and the number of culture sets taken annually for 1,000 patient-days increased from 9.2 to 11.4 and 13.3 sets, respectively. The rate of multiple blood culture sets of adults increased from 52.0? to 56.5? and 87.4?. Contamination rates were reduced steadily from 4.1? to 3.4? and 2.4?. Isolation rates of enteric bacteria went up from 21.8? to 28.5? and 33.9?. A marked increase in the rate of multiple blood culture sets is considered to re ect growing awareness about its importance among clinicians on the strength of the infection control team's campaign. A decrease in contamination rates should re ect the e ects of sampling training sessions, and creation of a sampling manual on electronic medical record terminals. Key words?campaign to encourage blood cultures, rate of multiple blood culture sets, contamination rate\"","Comments":"","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Akane Kamiya; A Makino; T Kubota; N Miyazawa; Sachiko Takahashi; T Fukasawa; Mirei Kaneko; S Kai; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.4058/JSEI.28.207","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Akane Kamiya, A Makino, T Kubota, N Miyazawa, Sachiko Takahashi, T Fukasawa, Mirei Kaneko, and S Kai (2013) A Successful Campaign to Encourage Blood Cultures. Japanese Journal of Environmental Infections ,  DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4058/JSEI.28.207"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958255,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437671,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437682,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437688,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437698,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437751,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129299252,"Title":"Blood cultures with one venipuncture instead of two: a prospective clinical comparative single-center study including patients in the ICU, haematology, and infectious diseases departments","ParentTitle":"Infectious Diseases","ShortTitle":"Andersson (2023)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2023","Month":"","StandardNumber":"2374-4243","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"Andersson Norlen, Elina. Department of Infectious Diseases, Ostersund Hospital, Ostersund, Sweden. Widerstrom, Micael. Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umea University, Umea, Sweden. Lindam, Anna. Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Unit of Research, Education and Development Ostersund Hospital, Umea University, Umea, Sweden. Olsson, Johanna. Department of Microbiology, Ostersund Hospital, Ostersund, Sweden. Ryding, Ulf. Department of Infectious Diseases, Ostersund Hospital, Ostersund, Sweden.","Volume":"55","Pages":"591–598","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med24&DO=10.1080%2f23744235.2023.2223281","OldItemId":"1030","Abstract":"OBJECTIVES: Blood culture is a key method for diagnosing bloodstream infections. In this prospective study, we aimed to investigate whether blood cultures collected with the one-puncture method results in fewer contaminants, i.e. microorganisms from the skin or the environment, and the same detection of relevant pathogens compared to the two-puncture method. Further, we aimed to investigate if the time to blood culture positivity could be useful in evaluating contaminants. METHODS: Patients planned for blood cultures were asked to participate in the study. From each recruited patient, six blood culture bottles were drawn, bottles 1-4 from the first venipuncture and bottles 5-6 from the second venipuncture. Within each patient, bottles 1-4 were compared to bottles 1, 2, 5, and 6 for contaminants and relevant pathogens. A sub-analysis was conducted on patients admitted to the ICU and those in the haematology department. We also assessed time-to-positivity for coagulase-negative staphylococci. RESULTS: In the final analysis, 337 episodes from 312 patients were included. Relevant pathogens were identified in 62/337 (18.4%) episodes in both methods. Contaminants were detected in 12 (3.6%) and 19 episodes (5.6%) using the one-puncture and two-puncture method (p = .039), respectively. Corresponding results were observed in the sub-analysis. Notably, relevant coagulase-negative staphylococci demonstrated a shorter time-to-positivity compared to contaminant coagulase-negative staphylococci. CONCLUSION: Blood cultures obtained using the one-puncture method resulted in significantly fewer contaminants and detected relevant pathogens equally to the two-puncture method. Time-to-positivity may be a useful additive indicator for predicting coagulase-negative staphylococci contamination in blood cultures.","Comments":"Andersson Norlen, Elina\r\nWiderstrom, Micael\r\nLindam, Anna\r\nOlsson, Johanna\r\nRyding, Ulf","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Andersson Norlen; E; Widerstrom M; Lindam A; Olsson J; Ryding U; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23744235.2023.2223281","Keywords":"Humans\r\nPhlebotomy\r\nBlood Culture\r\nProspective Studies\r\n*Bacteremia/di [Diagnosis]\r\nCoagulase\r\nStaphylococcus\r\n*Hematology\r\nIntensive Care Units\r\n*Communicable Diseases\r\n*Staphylococcal Infections/di [Diagnosis]\r\n0 (Coagulase)","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Andersson Norlen, E, Widerstrom M, Lindam A, Olsson J, and Ryding U (2023) Blood cultures with one venipuncture instead of two: a prospective clinical comparative single-center study including patients in the ICU, haematology, and infectious diseases departments. Infectious Diseases 55, 591–598 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23744235.2023.2223281"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437698,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437704,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437726,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975798,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19988316,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129303990,"Title":"Role of single, paired and multiple specimens in the outcome of automated blood culture system - A 2 years study from South India","ParentTitle":"Journal of Patient Safety and Infection Control","ShortTitle":"Anjana (2021)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2021","Month":"","StandardNumber":"2214-207X 2214-2088","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"(Anjana, Ranjeeta, Bhavana, Beena) Department of Microbiology, Manipal Hospital, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India A. Anjana, Department of Lab Medicine- Microbiology, Manipal Hospital, Karnataka, Bengaluru, India. E-mail: anjoo.prabhu@gmail.com","Volume":"9(2)","Pages":"62–65","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"http://www.jpsiconline.com/ https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=emed22&DO=10.4103%2fjpsic.jpsic_17_21<1992>","OldItemId":"7328","Abstract":"Automated blood culture (BC) system remains the best approach for early definitive management of sepsis. A retrospective analysis of samples received over 2 years was done to compare the sensitivity of single, paired and multiple BC sets. A total of 24,955 samples were received, of which 11,355 were single, 12,555 were paired and 1045 were multiple. BC sensitivity increased from 32.3% to 87% when samples increased from one to two, and a rise of another 13% with four sample sets (P < 0.0001). There is higher chance of missing positives if only a single BC sample was collected.Copyright © 2022 Journal of Patient Safety & Infection Control Published by Wolters Kluwer - Medknow.","Comments":"VITEK: Merieux [France]","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Anjana A; Ranjeeta A; Bhavana M V; Beena H B; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpsic.jpsic_17_21","Keywords":"Automation\r\nblood culture\r\nmultiple set\r\npaired\r\nsepsis\r\nAcinetobacter\r\nantibiotic sensitivity\r\narticle\r\nBacillus\r\nbacteremia\r\nbacterial load\r\nbacterium contamination\r\nbacterium isolation\r\nblood sampling\r\nbody temperature\r\nCandida albicans\r\nCandida parapsilosis\r\nCandida tropicalis\r\ncandidemia\r\ncoagulase negative Staphylococcus\r\ncontrolled study\r\nCorynebacterium diphtheriae\r\nEnterococcus\r\nfemale\r\nfever\r\nGram negative bacterium\r\nGram positive cocci\r\nhuman\r\nhypotension\r\nintensive care unit\r\nKlebsiella pneumoniae\r\nmajor clinical study\r\nmale\r\nMicrococcus\r\nnonhuman\r\nPseudomonas aeruginosa\r\nretrospective study\r\nrigor\r\nStaphylococcus aureus\r\nStreptococcus\r\nStreptococcus pneumoniae\r\nsystolic blood pressure\r\nvein puncture\r\nyeast\r\nblood culture system\r\nmicrobial identification system","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Anjana A, Ranjeeta A, Bhavana M V, and Beena H B (2021) Role of single, paired and multiple specimens in the outcome of automated blood culture system - A 2 years study from South India. Journal of Patient Safety and Infection Control 9(2), 62–65 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpsic.jpsic_17_21"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958255,"AdditionalText":"it says cross sectional but isn't","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437698,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437704,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437742,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20024813,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20002967,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129299820,"Title":"Comparison Between the Yield of Different Number of Blood Cultures in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients With Suspected Septicemia","ParentTitle":"Cureus","ShortTitle":"Anser (2021)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2021","Month":"","StandardNumber":"2168-8184","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"13","Pages":"e20381","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=pmnm6&DO=10.7759%2fcureus.20381","OldItemId":"1599","Abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Our study aimed to evaluate the optimal and financially efficient numbers of blood cultures (BC) required in our chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with suspected bloodstream infections (BSI). DESIGN: This is a prospective, cross-sectional study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: Department of Nephrology, The Kidney Center Post-Graduate-Training-Institute, Karachi from July 2020 to December 2020. METHODS: Single, two, or three BC were taken from CKD patients with suspected BSI within the first 24 hours and were incubated in the BACTEC 1050 CMBCS for five days. A positive culture was reported as per standard protocol. RESULTS: Four hundred and eighty-three BC sets were collected from 272 patients. A single set of BC was obtained from 111 (40.8%), two sets from 111 (40.8%), and three from 50 (18.4%) patients. BC from 93 patients showed growth of organisms in at least one set. Fifty-six (60.2%) episodes of BSI were detected with the first set, 34 (36.5%) with the second set, and 03 (3.2%) with the third set of BC. The detection rate of BSI was 60.2% with the first set, 97.7% with the first two sets, and 100% with the first three sets of BC. The most common source of infection was central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) (33.3%), followed by urinary tract (29%), lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) (16%), and arteriovenous fistula (AVF) (7.5%). 93.5% episodes of BSI, were monomicrobial. The most common monomicrobial organism was methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (22.6%). CONCLUSION: Two properly collected BC sets might be sufficient for an adequate diagnosis of BSI, in CKD patients especially in resource-limited settings. Copyright © 2021, Anser et al.","Comments":"Anser, Faiza \r\nDhrolia, Murtaza \r\nQureshi, Safia \r\nNasir, Kiran \r\nQureshi, Ruqaya \r\nAhmad, Aasim\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Anser F; Dhrolia M; Qureshi S; Nasir K; Qureshi R; Ahmad A; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.20381","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Anser F, Dhrolia M, Qureshi S, Nasir K, Qureshi R, and Ahmad A (2021) Comparison Between the Yield of Different Number of Blood Cultures in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients With Suspected Septicemia. Cureus 13, e20381 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.20381"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958255,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437668,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437659,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437682,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437694,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19988316,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437707,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129303446,"Title":"Utility of paired BACTEC MYCO/F LYTIC blood culture vials for detection of bacteremia, mycobacteremia, and fungemia","ParentTitle":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","ShortTitle":"Archibald (2001)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2001","Month":"","StandardNumber":"0095-1137","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"39","Pages":"1960–2","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med4&DO=10.1128%2fJCM.39.5.1960-1962.2001","OldItemId":"5228","Abstract":"In previous bloodstream infection studies in Malawi, we inoculated blood from a single venesection into a single BACTEC MYCO/F LYTIC (MFL) vial. Inoculation of one vial, however, would be expected to reduce the sensitivity of bloodstream pathogen detection with MFL vials. To ascertain the degree of this loss of sensitivity, blood was drawn from each of 228 febrile, adult inpatients in Malawi and 5 ml of each blood sample was inoculated into each of two MFL vials. Of 228 paired vials, 51 (22%) were both positive, 172 (75%) were both negative, and 5 (3%) had discordant results. Bloodstream infection would have been detected in 11 (92%) of 12 patients with mycobacteremia and 38 (92%) of 41 patients with bacteremia had only one MFL vial been inoculated. Our study shows that a second MFL vial does not significantly increase diagnostic sensitivity.","Comments":"Archibald, L K \r\nDobbie, H \r\nKazembe, P \r\nNwanyanwu, O \r\nMcKnight, C \r\nByrne, T \r\nAddison, R M \r\nBell, M \r\nReller, L B \r\nJarvis, W R\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Archibald L K; Dobbie H; Kazembe P; Nwanyanwu O; McKnight C; Byrne T; Addison R M; Bell M; Reller L B; Jarvis W R; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.39.5.1960-1962.2001","Keywords":"*Bacteremia/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Blood/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Fungemia/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Mycobacterium Infections/di [Diagnosis]\r\n0 (Culture Media)\r\n0 (Reagent Kits\r\nBacteremia/mi [Microbiology]\r\nCulture Media\r\nDiagnostic\r\nDiagnostic)\r\nFungemia/mi [Microbiology]\r\nHumans\r\nMycobacterium Infections/mi [Microbiology]\r\nMycobacterium/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\nReagent Kits\r\nSensitivity and Specificity","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Archibald L K, Dobbie H, Kazembe P, Nwanyanwu O, McKnight C, Byrne T, Addison R M, Bell M, Reller L B, and Jarvis W R (2001) Utility of paired BACTEC MYCO/F LYTIC blood culture vials for detection of bacteremia, mycobacteremia, and fungemia. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 39, 1960–2 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.39.5.1960-1962.2001"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437668,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437682,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437683,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437698,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437707,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129299671,"Title":"Little Utility of Fungal Blood Cultures in Surgical and Burn Intensive Care Units","ParentTitle":"Microbiology Spectrum","ShortTitle":"Babb (2022)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2022","Month":"","StandardNumber":"2165-0497","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"10","Pages":"e0022822","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med22&DO=10.1128%2fspectrum.00228-22","OldItemId":"1450","Abstract":"Critically ill patients are at risk for fungal infections, but there is a paucity of data regarding the clinical utility of dedicated fungal blood cultures to detect such infections. A retrospective review was conducted of patients admitted to the surgical and burn intensive care units at Parkland Memorial Hospital between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2017 for whom blood cultures (aerobic, anaerobic, and/or fungal cultures) were sent. A total of 1,094 aerobic and anaerobic blood culture sets and 523 fungal blood cultures were sent. Of the aerobic and anaerobic culture sets, 42/1,094 (3.8%) were positive for fungal growth. All fungal species cultured were Candida. Of the fungal blood cultures, 4/523 (0.76%) were positive for growth. Fungal species isolated included Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Histoplasma capsulatum. All 4 patients with positive fungal blood cultures were on empirical antifungal therapy prior to results, and the antifungal regimen was changed for 1 patient based on culture data. The average duration to final fungal culture result was 46 days, while the time to preliminary results varied dramatically. Two of the four patients died prior to fungal culture results, thereby rendering the culture data inconsequential in patient care decisions. This study demonstrates that regular aerobic and anaerobic blood cultures sets are sufficient in detecting the most common causes of fungemia and that results from fungal cultures rarely impact treatment management decisions in patients in surgical and burn intensive care units. There is little clinical utility to routine fungal cultures in this patient population. IMPORTANCE This study demonstrates that regular aerobic and anaerobic blood culture sets are sufficient in detecting the most common causes of fungemia, and thus, sending fungal blood cultures for patients in surgical and burn intensive care units is not a good use of resources.","Comments":"Babb, Jacqueline \r\nClark, Audra \r\nGaffney, Donna \r\nAbdelfattah, Kareem \r\nProkesch, Bonnie C\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Babb J; Clark A; Gaffney D; Abdelfattah K; Prokesch B C; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.00228-22","Keywords":"*Fungemia/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Fungemia/dt [Drug Therapy]\r\n0 (Antifungal Agents)\r\nAntifungal Agents/tu [Therapeutic Use]\r\nBlood Culture\r\nCandida\r\nHumans\r\nIntensive Care Units","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Babb J, Clark A, Gaffney D, Abdelfattah K, and Prokesch B C (2022) Little Utility of Fungal Blood Cultures in Surgical and Burn Intensive Care Units. Microbiology Spectrum 10, e0022822 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.00228-22"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958255,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437697,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975798,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20026307,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437747,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129300868,"Title":"HIV-Associated Mycobacterium tuberculosis Bloodstream Infection Is Underdiagnosed by Single Blood Culture","ParentTitle":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","ShortTitle":"Barr (2018)","DateCreated":"26/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2018","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1098-660X","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"56","Pages":"05","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med15&DO=10.1128%2fJCM.01914-17","OldItemId":"2647","Abstract":"We assessed the additional diagnostic yield for Mycobacterium tuberculosis bloodstream infection (BSI) by doing more than one tuberculosis (TB) blood culture from HIV-infected inpatients. In a retrospective analysis of two cohorts based in Cape Town, South Africa, 72/99 (73%) patients with M. tuberculosis BSI were identified by the first of two blood cultures during the same admission, with 27/99 (27%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 18 to 36%) testing negative on the first culture but positive on the second. In a prospective evaluation of up to 6 blood cultures over 24 h, 9 of 14 (65%) patients with M. tuberculosis BSI had M. tuberculosis grow on their first blood culture; 3 more patients (21%) were identified by a second independent blood culture at the same time point, and the remaining 2 were diagnosed only on the 4th and 6th blood cultures. Additional blood cultures increase the yield for M. tuberculosis BSI, similar to what is reported for nonmycobacterial BSI. Copyright © 2018 Barr et al.","Comments":"Using Smart Source Parsing \r\nBarr, David A \r\nKerkhoff, Andrew D \r\nSchutz, Charlotte \r\nWard, Amy M \r\nDavies, Gerry R \r\nWilkinson, Robert J \r\nMeintjes, Graeme \r\ne01914-17 \r\n098316 \r\n203135 \r\nFC00110218 \r\n104803 \r\nMC_U117588499 \r\n105165/Z/14/A\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Barr D A; Kerkhoff A D; Schutz C; Ward A M; Davies G R; Wilkinson R J; Meintjes G; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01914-17","Keywords":"*Bacteremia/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Blood Culture/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data]\r\n*HIV Infections/co [Complications]\r\n*Mycobacterium tuberculosis/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\n*Tuberculosis/di [Diagnosis]\r\nBacteremia/di [Diagnosis]\r\nHumans\r\nProspective Studies\r\nRetrospective Studies\r\nSouth Africa\r\nTuberculosis/bl [Blood]","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Barr D A, Kerkhoff A D, Schutz C, Ward A M, Davies G R, Wilkinson R J, and Meintjes G (2018) HIV-Associated Mycobacterium tuberculosis Bloodstream Infection Is Underdiagnosed by Single Blood Culture. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 56, 05 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01914-17"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437643,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437682,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437697,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958260,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975798,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975822,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437704,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437756,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129300601,"Title":"[Evaluation of blood culture practices: Use of system (Epicenter) data]","ParentTitle":"Mikrobiyoloji Bulteni","ShortTitle":"Basustaoglu (2019)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2019","Month":"","StandardNumber":"0374-9096","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"Basustaoglu, Ahmet. Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Ankara, Turkey. Suzuk Yildiz, Serap. MoH General Directorate of Public Health, Department of Microbiology Reference Laboratory and Biological Products, Ankara, Turkey. Mumcuoglu, Ipek. Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Ankara, Turkey. Karahan, Zeynep Ceren. Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Ankara, Turkey. Ogunc, Dilara. Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Antalya, Turkey. Kaleli, Ilknur. Pamukkale University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Denizli, Turkey. Kursun, Senol. Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Ankara, Turkey. Evren, Ebru. Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Ankara, Turkey. Ozhak Baysal, Betil. Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine, Department","Volume":"53","Pages":"12–21","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med16&DO=10.5578%2fmb.67782","OldItemId":"2380","Abstract":"Sepsis is a serious clinical problem and estimated to be responsible for 18 million annual deaths worldwide. Therefore, the use and the rapid processing of blood cultures are important for the transition from empiric therapy to directed therapy. The aim of this study was to assess the best blood culture practices in Turkey. We have examined the collection practices and techniques at four different hospitals, and a total of 165.443 blood culture bottles were evaluated (2013-2015). At the preanalytical phase most of the data which were important and which could support hospital quality systems/practices were not entered into the HIS and EpiCenter system. At the analytical phase loading of the bottles and removal of positive bottles primarily occurred between 6:00 and 9:00 AM but the positivity rate of the bottles showed a homogeneous distribution throughout the day. In other words, there were significant delays at processing positive blood culture bottles related to laboratory workers. The effect of education regarding best practices, transition from single bottle to two bottle cultures was successful in all hospitals. Single bottle usage decreased below 10% in all hospitals. Significantly more positive cultures were detected at multiple cultures when compared with the single bottle collection practice. In retrospective patient records, it was seen that all the laboratories reported the results of Gram staining to the clinics. However, these data were not recorded to the EpiCenter. The contamination rates of Ankara Numune Hospital and Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine Hospital are 6.2% and 5.4% respectively, contamination rates were not reported in other hospitals. The most common isolates detected in blood cultures were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, and Acinetobacter baumannii. The mean time for the detection of these organisms were less than 20 hours in the aerobic bottle and anaerobic bottles. A total of 79.6% of facultative anaerobic isolates were detected in both bottles; 9.8% were detected only in the aerobic bottles; 10.6% of the isolates were detected only in the anaerobic bottles. As a result, the educational efforts in Turkey have met with success for transition from collecting single bottle blood culture sets to two bottle blood cultures. However, further efforts are needed to increase the number of blood culture sets collected during a 24 hours' period. In addition, errors at the preanalytical, analytical and postanalytical periods (taking samples, loading bottles into the system and processing positive blood cultures) should be eliminated.","Comments":"Turkish\r\nBasustaoglu, Ahmet\r\nSuzuk Yildiz, Serap\r\nMumcuoglu, Ipek\r\nKarahan, Zeynep Ceren\r\nOgunc, Dilara\r\nKaleli, Ilknur\r\nKursun, Senol\r\nEvren, Ebru\r\nOzhak Baysal, Betil\r\nDemir, Melek\r\nMurray, Patrick","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Basustaoglu A; Suzuk Yildiz; S; Mumcuoglu I; Karahan Z C; Ogunc D; Kaleli I; Kursun S; Evren E; Ozhak Baysal; B; Demir M; Murray P; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5578/mb.67782","Keywords":"*Bacteremia/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Bacteremia/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Blood Culture/mt [Methods]\r\n*Blood Culture/st [Standards]\r\nCulture Media\r\nHumans\r\nRetrospective Studies\r\nTurkey\r\n0 (Culture Media)","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Basustaoglu A, Suzuk Yildiz, S, Mumcuoglu I, Karahan Z C, Ogunc D, Kaleli I, Kursun S, Evren E, Ozhak Baysal, B, Demir M, and Murray P (2019) [Evaluation of blood culture practices: Use of system (Epicenter) data]. Mikrobiyoloji Bulteni 53, 12–21 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5578/mb.67782"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958260,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437681,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437699,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975787,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437729,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129298452,"Title":"Improving blood culture procurement: a prospective 5-year hospital-wide study","ParentTitle":"Israel Journal of Health Policy Research","ShortTitle":"Benenson (2025)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2025","Month":"","StandardNumber":"2045-4015","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"14","Pages":"81","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med28&DO=10.1186%2fs13584-025-00744-x","OldItemId":"229","Abstract":"BACKGROUND: Appropriate procurement of blood cultures (BC) is essential for diagnosis of bacteremia and susceptibility testing. This includes (1) adequate preparation of the venipuncture site to minimize contamination; (2) obtaining >= two sets with a time interval before starting antibiotics. Although these recommendations are standard since the 1960s, adherence is far less than expected - which may adversely impact on the management of bacteremic patients. AIMS OF STUDY: This single-center study conducted in Shaare Zedek Medical Center aimed to decrease the proportion of contaminated BCs and to increase the percentage of obtaining two sets of BC/ blood-culture-taking episode. METHODS: Determination of both markers at baseline, then monthly for one year, then subsequently on a quarterly basis; showing data from all departments in real-time to all department directors; and providing short educative lectures during departmental staff meetings, at baseline and after 1-2 years. These markers were adopted as one of the hospital-wide quality measures. RESULTS: In the 20-year period 2000-2019 more than 1 million BCs were obtained, of which 70% were from patients <= 72 h in hospital. During the 5-year study (2020-2024), the percent of blood-culture-taking episodes from which two culture sets were obtained increased annually by +/- 16% from a baseline of 27% (9010/33306) in 2020, to 46% (18462/40191) in 2024 (Incidence Rate Ratios, IRR 1.16 [95%CI 1.13-1.18], p < 0.001). This improvement was observed in almost all departments and was especially profound in the emergency department (ED), starting at a baseline of 19% (1979/10326) and increasing to 53% (5304/9915)(IRR 1.33 [95%CI 1.27-1.39], p < 0.001). During the same period, the annual proportion of false-positive BCs, from which only contaminants were isolated, decreased annually by 18% from 2.4% (1592/65230) in 2020 to 1.3% (895/68991) in 2024 (IRR 0.82 [95%CI 0.77-0.88], p < 0.001). This improvement was observed in all departments: in the emergency department, this rate decreased from 3.3% (676/20529) to 1.56% (272/17459) (IRR 0.79 [95%CI 0.75-0.83], p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: A simple educational intervention, combined with meticulous data mining and presentation of each department's results, with comparison of all other departments, led to significant and sustained improvement in measurable markers. Copyright © 2025. The Author(s).","Comments":"Benenson, Shmuel \r\nDreyer, Miriam \r\nEzagui, Bath Sheva \r\nDery, Ilana \r\nZalut, Todd \r\nBagrish, Naama \r\nLujan, Rona \r\nAssous, Marc V \r\nYinnon, Amos M \r\nAyalon, Oshrat\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Benenson S; Dreyer M; Ezagui B S; Dery I; Zalut T; Bagrish N; Lujan R; Assous M V; Yinnon A M; Ayalon O; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13584-025-00744-x","Keywords":"*Bacteremia/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Blood Culture/mt [Methods]\r\n*Blood Culture/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data]\r\n*Blood Culture/st [Standards]\r\n*Blood Specimen Collection/mt [Methods]\r\n*Blood Specimen Collection/st [Standards]\r\nHospitals/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data]\r\nHospitals/st [Standards]\r\nHumans\r\nIsrael\r\nProspective Studies\r\nQuality Improvement","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Benenson S, Dreyer M, Ezagui B S, Dery I, Zalut T, Bagrish N, Lujan R, Assous M V, Yinnon A M, and Ayalon O (2025) Improving blood culture procurement: a prospective 5-year hospital-wide study. Israel Journal of Health Policy Research 14, 81 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13584-025-00744-x"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437671,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437699,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437707,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129298721,"Title":"Comparing contamination rates in paired blood culture sets with a single-time stamp vs multiple-time stamps","ParentTitle":"Antimicrobial Stewardship & Healthcare Epidemiology : ASHE.","ShortTitle":"Borad (2025)","DateCreated":"26/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2025","Month":"","StandardNumber":"2732-494X","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"5","Pages":"e220","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=pmnm10&DO=10.1017%2fash.2025.10103","OldItemId":"498","Abstract":"This retrospective analysis compares the recovery rate of commensal organisms in two sets of blood cultures with a single-time stamp (STS) versus ones with multiple-time stamps (MTS) in an academic tertiary center. Rates in which both sets were positive for commensals were numerically higher in STS versus MTS. Copyright © The Author(s) 2025.","Comments":"Borad, Abhilasha \r\nIbrahim, Ali \r\nBoruchoff, Susan E \r\nKaye, Keith S \r\nAbdul Azim, Ahmed\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Borad A; Ibrahim A; Boruchoff S E; Kaye K S; Abdul Azim; A; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ash.2025.10103","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Borad A, Ibrahim A, Boruchoff S E, Kaye K S, Abdul Azim, and A (2025) Comparing contamination rates in paired blood culture sets with a single-time stamp vs multiple-time stamps. Antimicrobial Stewardship & Healthcare Epidemiology : ASHE. 5, e220 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ash.2025.10103"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437643,"AdditionalText":"Tried translating it ","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437679,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437695,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437730,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975798,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129304310,"Title":"Solitary blood cultures and blood culture contamination rates as preanalytic quality indicators of blood culture practice. [Italian] Numero di emocolture solitarie e percentuali di contaminazione come indicatori della qualita preanalitica delle emocolture","ParentTitle":"Rivista Italiana della Medicina di Laboratorio","ShortTitle":"Camporese (2007)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2007","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1825-859X","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"(Camporese) Unita Operativa di Microbiologia Clinica e Terapia Antibiotica, Azienda Ospedaliera S.Maria degli Angeli, Pordenone (Camporese) Unita Operativa di Microbiologia Clinica e Terapia Antibiotica, Azienda Ospedaliera S.Maria degli Angeli, Via Montereale n. 24, 33170 Pordenone A. Camporese, Unita Operativa di Microbiologia Clinica e Terapia Antibiotica, Azienda Ospedaliera S.Maria degli Angeli, Via Montereale n. 24, 33170 Pordenone. E-mail: alessandro.camporese@aopn.fvg.it","Volume":"3(2)","Pages":"106–112","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=emed10&AN=47171907<4630>","OldItemId":"9966","Abstract":"Background. Previous studies have shown that acquiring at least 2 sets of blood samples instead of just 1 set represents better performance when attempting to diagnose sepsis. Infact, the likelihood that a blood culture specimen container will capture the presence of bacteria in the blood of a septic patient increases with the number of blood samples collected during the patient's febrile episode. Contaminated blood cultures may cause results to be misinterpreted, create unnecessary work for the laboratory, and increase costs. Our objective was to determine wether the frequency with which solitary blood culture samples obtained from adult inpatients and outpatients were submitted to our laboratory or the rate of contaminated blood cultures, as preanalytic quality indicators of blood culture practice. Methods. In our study we have investigated all blood culture samples collected from inpatients and outpatients (which came not only from community strictly, but also from nursing homes and residential home care centers) in the past 3 years (2003-2005). During the 3 years study period we measured: 1) the number of blood culture sets obtained from adult (15 years or older) inpatients and outpatients and rates of solitary blood cultures; 2) the contamination rates, expressed by the number of organisms isolated that are more often considered contaminants, like coagulase negatives staphylococci (CoNEG), the most commonly isolated contaminants from blood cultures. We did not evaluate the consequences of solitary blood cultures and contamination on clinical outcomes. Results. During the study period, we examined a total of 6.437 adult patients with suspected sepsis (5.479 inpatients and 858 outpatients). Solitary blood cultures were 927 (rate 14,4%). During the year 2005 we obtained an increasing rate of solitary blood cultures (16,1% versus 13,3% in 2004 and 13,4% in 2003). Solitary blood cultures increased expecially in hospital setting, where the rate raised from 11,1% (year 2003) to 15,1% (year 2005) and where CoNEG increased likewise from 4,7% to 5,4%. Conclusions. Solitary blood culture and contamination rates can represent good preanalytic quality indicators of blood culture practice and a good method to evaluate sepsis diagnostic appropriateness. Our data showed that solitary blood culture and contamination rates increased along the late 3 years, expecially in hospital setting. The results obtained will provide benchmark for quality assessment and an opportunity to initiate specific corrective actions and continuous, specific quality improvement programs. Measure of solitary blood culture and contamination rates will be monitored routinely for the next years as a part of total quality control programs.","Comments":"","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Camporese A; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"","Keywords":"Contamination\r\nPreanalytic quality\r\nSolitary blood cultures\r\nadolescent\r\nadult\r\narticle\r\nbacterium culture\r\nblood culture\r\nblood sampling\r\nclinical practice\r\ncoagulase negative Staphylococcus\r\ncontrolled study\r\nhuman\r\nmicrobial contamination\r\nsepsis/di [Diagnosis]","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Camporese A (2007) Solitary blood cultures and blood culture contamination rates as preanalytic quality indicators of blood culture practice. [Italian] Numero di emocolture solitarie e percentuali di contaminazione come indicatori della qualita preanalitica delle emocolture. Rivista Italiana della Medicina di Laboratorio 3(2), 106–112"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437688,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437694,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437707,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129305538,"Title":"Reevaluation of anaerobic blood cultures in a veteran population","ParentTitle":"Southern Medical Journal","ShortTitle":"Chandler (2000)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2000","Month":"","StandardNumber":"0038-4348","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"James H Quillen VA Med Ctr, Mountain Home, TN 37684 USA; E Tennessee State Univ, James H Quillen Coll Med, Dept Internal Med, Johnson City, TN 37614 USA Byrd, RP (corresponding author), James H Quillen VA Med Ctr, 111-B, Mountain Home, TN 37684 USA.","Volume":"93","Pages":"986–988","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"<Go to ISI>://WOS:000090127800008","OldItemId":"15738","Abstract":"Background. Studies suggest that the selective use of anaerobic blood cultures may represent a more cost-effective laboratory approach when anaerobic bacterial infection is suspected.Methods. A 5-year retrospective study was done at a Veterans' Affairs hospital to determine the utility of routinely including anaerobic blood culture when sampling for bacteremia.Results. A total of 22,075 anaerobic blood cultures were collected from our adult population. Significant anaerobic pathogens were isolated from only 0.14% of these blood cultures. An anaerobic infection could have been suspected in 92% of our patients.Conclusions. Significant anaerobic bloodstream infections occurred in only 0.14% of blood cultures. In addition, the majority of the patients identified with anaerobic bacteremia had clinical conditions that would have suggested a high likelihood of anaerobic bacteremia. These observations suggest that selective rather than routine use of anaerobic blood cultures may be appropriate in a veteran population.","Comments":"ISI Document Delivery No.: 368PZ\r\nTimes Cited: 15\r\nCited Reference Count: 13\r\nChandler, TM Morton, SE Byrd, RP Fields, C Roy, TM\r\nRoy, Tanner/KHX-8747-2024; Morton, Sam/GWU-7345-2022\r\n1\r\n16\r\n0\r\n3\r\nLippincott williams & wilkins\r\nPhiladelphia\r\n1541-8243","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Chandler TM; Morton SE; Byrd RP; Fields C; Roy TM; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"","Keywords":"clinical-significance\r\nbacteremia\r\nGeneral & Internal Medicine","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Chandler TM, Morton SE, Byrd RP, Fields C, and Roy TM (2000) Reevaluation of anaerobic blood cultures in a veteran population. Southern Medical Journal 93, 986–988"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437687,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437697,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437707,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129301390,"Title":"Cost-Effectiveness of 30- Compared to 20-Milliliter Blood Cultures: a Retrospective Study","ParentTitle":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","ShortTitle":"Cheruvanky (2016)","DateCreated":"26/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2016","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1098-660X","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"54","Pages":"64–7","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med13&DO=10.1128%2fJCM.02024-15","OldItemId":"3169","Abstract":"The importance of blood culture (BC) volume for detection of bloodstream infections (BSIs) is documented. Recently, improved diagnostic sensitivity was demonstrated for 30- versus 20-ml BCs in adults (Cockerill FR, Wilson JW, Vetter EA, Goodman KM, Torgerson CA, Harmsen WS, Schleck CD, IIstrup DM, Washington JA, Wilson WR. Clin Infect Dis 38:1724-1730, 2004, http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01314-11). Hospitals receive higher reimbursement for patients with documented septicemia. We determined the cost-effectiveness of 30-ml versus 20-ml BCs using results from our institution and previously published data. Positive BC results from 292 bacteremic episodes were reviewed. The costs of the reagents, equipment, phlebotomist, and technologist time were determined. The medical records department provided Medicare reimbursement (MR) data for patients with selected ICD-9 codes. These data provided an estimate of the annualized increase in MR versus costs associated with conversion to 30-ml BCs. MR for 464 annual primary BSIs was $24,808/episode. An expected 7.2% increase in BSIs detected using 30-ml BCs would add 34 additional cases annually and increase MR by $843,472. Comparative MR data for cases where septicemia complicated another diagnosis were available for 4 International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) codes: laparoscopic cholecystectomy, biliary tract disorders, pneumonia, and cellulitis. The mean incremental MR was $9,667 per episode, which projected to a $483,350 revenue increase annually. The annual cost associated with conversion to 30-ml BCs was estimated to be $157,798. Thus, the potential net increase in hospital revenue would be $1,169,031 for 30-ml versus 20-ml BCs. Our results suggest that conversion to 30-ml BCs may not only improve patient care by detecting more BSIs but also increase hospital revenue substantially. Copyright © 2015, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.","Comments":"Cheruvanky, Anita \r\nKirn, Thomas J \r\nWeinstein, Melvin P \r\nErratum in (EIN)\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Cheruvanky A; Kirn T J; Weinstein M P; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.02024-15","Keywords":"*Blood/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Microbiological Techniques/mt [Methods]\r\n*Sepsis/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Specimen Handling/mt [Methods]\r\n80 and over\r\nAdolescent\r\nAdult\r\nAged\r\nCost-Benefit Analysis\r\nFemale\r\nHumans\r\nMale\r\nMiddle Aged\r\nRetrospective Studies\r\nYoung Adult","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Cheruvanky A, Kirn T J, and Weinstein M P (2016) Cost-Effectiveness of 30- Compared to 20-Milliliter Blood Cultures: a Retrospective Study. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 54, 64–7 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.02024-15"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437668,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437682,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437695,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958258,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437730,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20002967,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129302620,"Title":"Detection of bacterial and yeast species with the Bactec 9120 automated system with routine use of aerobic, anaerobic, and fungal media","ParentTitle":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","ShortTitle":"Chiarini (2008)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2008","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1098-660X","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"46","Pages":"4029–33","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med7&DO=10.1128%2fJCM.01014-08","OldItemId":"4401","Abstract":"During the period 2006 and 2007, all blood cultures required by four units at high infective risk and most of those required by other units of the University Hospital of Palermo, Palermo, Italy were performed using a Bactec 9120 automated blood culture system with a complete set of Plus Aerobic/F, Plus Anaerobic/F, and Mycosis IC/F bottles. The aim of the study was to enable the authors to gain firsthand experience of the culture potentialities of the three different media, to obtain information regarding the overall and specific recovery of bacteria and yeasts from blood cultures in the hospital, and to reach a decision as to whether and when to utilize anaerobic and fungal bottles. Although very few bloodstream infections (1.8%) were associated with obligate anaerobes, the traditional routine use of anaerobic bottles was confirmed because of their usefulness, not only in the detection of anaerobes, but also in that of gram-positive cocci and fermentative gram-negative bacilli. In this study, Mycosis IC/F bottles detected 77.4% of all the yeast isolates, 87.0% of yeasts belonging to the species Candida albicans, and 45.7% of nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli resistant to chloramphenicol and tobramycin. In order to improve the diagnosis of fungemia in high-risk patients, the additional routine use of fungal bottles was suggested when, as occurred in the intensive-care unit and in the hematology unit of the University Hospital of Palermo, high percentages of bloodstream infections are associated with yeasts, and/or antibiotic-resistant bacteria and/or multiple bacterial isolates capable of inhibiting yeast growth in aerobic bottles.","Comments":"Chiarini, Alfredo \r\nPalmeri, Angelo \r\nAmato, Teresa \r\nImmordino, Rita \r\nDistefano, Salvatore \r\nGiammanco, Anna\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Chiarini A; Palmeri A; Amato T; Immordino R; Distefano S; Giammanco A; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01014-08","Keywords":"*Bacteria/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\n*Bacterial Infections/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Blood/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Mycoses/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Sepsis/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Yeasts/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\n0 (Culture Media)\r\nAerobiosis\r\nAnaerobiosis\r\nAutomation\r\nCulture Media/ch [Chemistry]\r\nHumans\r\nItaly","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Chiarini A, Palmeri A, Amato T, Immordino R, Distefano S, and Giammanco A (2008) Detection of bacterial and yeast species with the Bactec 9120 automated system with routine use of aerobic, anaerobic, and fungal media. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 46, 4029–33 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01014-08"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437642,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958260,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437670,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437683,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437690,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437699,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975822,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437707,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20002967,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129306153,"Title":"Single Set Blood Cultures: A Set Short or One Set Too Many?","ParentTitle":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","ShortTitle":"Ching (2026)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2026","Month":"","StandardNumber":"2328-8957","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"(Ching) Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States (Rittmann, Bryson, Doern, Doll) Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA, United States (Choquette) Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, VA, United States P.R. Ching, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States","Volume":"13(Supplement 1)","Pages":"S146","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=emed28&DO=10.1093%2fofid%2fofaf695.211<89>","OldItemId":"17589","Abstract":"Background. The 2023 blood culture (BC) shortage pushed hospitals to rapidly implement conservation measures. During the shortage, our facility encouraged single set BC (SSBC) for patients at lower risk based on an algorithm embedded in the order. Despite the end of the shortage and algorithm removal, ongoing use of SSBC was observed. This study evaluated for detectable patient harm in the form of delayed diagnosis of infection after a negative SSBC. Methods. All ED or inpatient negative SSBCs ordered on adults from Mid-June-September in 2023 and 2024 were included. The 2023 period corresponded to the implementation of conservation measures. The 2024 period was a post-shortage comparator. The patient chart for each SSBC was manually reviewed by 3 physicians: PC, MD, JC, for the following variables: visit diagnoses, evidence of positive BC within 30 days of index SSBC, 30 day readmissions and mortality, clinical concern for potential missed bacteremia in the opinion of the reviewer, appropriateness based on an evidence-based BC stewardship algorithm. Summary statistics were performed; data from 2023 and 2024 SSBCs were compared using Chi-square tests. Analyses were performed using SAS 9.4. Results. There were 119 SSBCs from 2023 (shortage), and 388 from 2024 (post-shortage). No patient had documented bacteremia within 30 days of the index negative SSBC. No patient was re-admitted with infection suggesting unrecognized bacteremia. There were 9 patients made comfort care due to end-stage organ failures or malignancies, in which the reviewer could not rule out possibility of missed bacteremia: 2 (1.7%) during the shortage, and 7 (1.8%) post-shortage (p=0.706). The majority of SSBCs did not meet appropriateness criteria: 81/119 (68.1%) inappropriate during the shortage, and 283/388 (72.9%) post-shortage, p=0.297. Conclusion. No overt evidence of missed bacteremia (in the form of a subsequent positive BC or readmission for a previously missed infection) was detected. Overall, 72% (364/507) of the SSBCs reviewed were deemed inappropriate applying a blood culture stewardship algorithm. SSBCs for low risk patients may be reasonable; risk of missed bacteremia appears to be low. However, providers ordering SSBCs should consider whether a blood culture is needed at all.","Comments":"Annual Meeting of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, ID Week 2025. Atlanta, GA United States","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Ching P R; Rittmann B; Choquette J; Bryson A L; Doern C; Doll M; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaf695.211","Keywords":"adult\r\naged\r\nalgorithm\r\nbacteremia\r\nblood culture\r\nchi square distribution\r\nconference abstract\r\ncontrolled study\r\ndelayed diagnosis\r\ndiagnosis\r\nfemale\r\nhospital readmission\r\nhuman\r\nlow risk patient\r\nmajor clinical study\r\nmale\r\nmortality\r\npatient comfort\r\npatient harm\r\nspecial situation for pharmacovigilance","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Ching P R, Rittmann B, Choquette J, Bryson A L, Doern C, and Doll M (2026) Single Set Blood Cultures: A Set Short or One Set Too Many?. Open Forum Infectious Diseases 13(Supplement 1), S146 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaf695.211"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958255,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958260,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437690,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437697,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975768,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437713,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129301098,"Title":"A Quality Improvement Initiative to Decrease the Rate of Solitary Blood Cultures in the Emergency Department","ParentTitle":"Academic Emergency Medicine","ShortTitle":"Choi (2017)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2017","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1553-2712","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"24","Pages":"1080–1087","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med14&DO=10.1111%2facem.13161","OldItemId":"2877","Abstract":"OBJECTIVES: Best practice guidelines recommend that at least two sets of blood cultures (BCs) be sent when blood cultures are required. However, high rates of solitary BCs are still common in the emergency department (ED). The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of different quality improvement initiatives aimed at reducing the rate of solitary blood cultures being sent to the laboratory on patients ultimately discharged from our ED. METHODS: This was a multicenter, multiphase, prospective study evaluating a comprehensive education-based intervention and a second intervention that combined a computerized forcing function (FF) along with a brief education-based intervention. The results were analyzed using segmented regression analysis, as well as statistical process control charts. RESULTS: The baseline rate of solitary sets of BCs was 41.1%. The education intervention reduced this rate to 30.3%. The introduction of a FF with a brief educational intervention further reduced the rate to 11.6%. This represents an absolute reduction of 29.5% from baseline (relative reduction of 71.8%). According to segmental regression analyses, the education intervention alone did not produce a statistically significant change when factoring possible background time-related trends (p = 0.071). However, the FF produced a statistically significant improvement (p < 0.0005), which was maintained for 6 months. CONCLUSION: The combination of a brief education-based intervention and a computerized FF was more effective than education alone in reducing solitary BC collection in our ED in this time series study. FFs can be a powerful tool in modifying behaviors and processes in the clinical setting. Copyright © 2017 by the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine.","Comments":"Choi, Joseph \r\nEnsafi, Sahand \r\nChartier, Lucas Brien \r\nVan Praet, Oliver\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Choi J; Ensafi S; Chartier L B; Van Praet O; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acem.13161","Keywords":"*Blood Culture/mt [Methods]\r\n*Emergency Service\r\n*Quality Improvement\r\nAdult\r\nBlood Culture/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data]\r\nFemale\r\nHospital/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data]\r\nHumans\r\nMale\r\nPatient Discharge/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data]\r\nProspective Studies\r\nRegression Analysis\r\nWorkflow","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Choi J, Ensafi S, Chartier L B, and Van Praet O (2017) A Quality Improvement Initiative to Decrease the Rate of Solitary Blood Cultures in the Emergency Department. Academic Emergency Medicine 24, 1080–1087 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acem.13161"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437659,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437687,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437688,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437695,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20002967,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437729,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129302954,"Title":"Decreasing the use of anaerobic culture bottles in selected febrile patients--is it reasonable?","ParentTitle":"European Journal of Internal Medicine","ShortTitle":"Ciobutaro (2005)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2005","Month":"","StandardNumber":"0953-6205","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"Ciobutaro, Pnina. Department of Internal Medicine, Meir Hospital, Kfar Saba 44281, Israel.","Volume":"16","Pages":"485–8","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=pmnm2&DO=10.1016%2fj.ejim.2005.04.006","OldItemId":"4736","Abstract":"BACKGROUND: Two sets of blood cultures are routinely obtained from febrile patients in the medical wards. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the distribution of the aerobic versus anaerobic isolates in such patients and to examine the rationale of reducing the number of anaerobic culture bottles in selected patients. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed of all febrile patients admitted to medical wards during 1998. Febrile patients from whom at least two sets of blood cultures were drawn and who had a bacterial isolation in at least one bottle were included. RESULTS: A total of 317 patients were included in the analysis. Some 98.5% of all isolates were aerobic pathogens. Only 1.5% of all isolates (5/317) included obligatory anaerobes. The rate of isolation in a single anaerobic bottle was 8.5%. Analysis of the available files of patients with a single anaerobic positive bottle demonstrated that an adequate antibacterial agent was administered empirically in most of the cases (93%). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that in carefully selected medical patients suspected of having an infectious disease, it is reasonable to obtain one anaerobic and two aerobic bottles rather than two full sets. Such an approach is clinically safe and will cut expenses on culture bottles and laboratory staff work. This approach should be examined in a prospective, randomized study.","Comments":"Ciobutaro, Pnina\r\nLishner, Michael\r\nKilman, Avi\r\nMaayan, Moshe\r\nHovers, Michal\r\nKitay-Cohen, Yona","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Ciobutaro P; Lishner M; Kilman A; Maayan M; Hovers M; Kitay-Cohen Y; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2005.04.006","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Ciobutaro P, Lishner M, Kilman A, Maayan M, Hovers M, and Kitay-Cohen Y (2005) Decreasing the use of anaerobic culture bottles in selected febrile patients--is it reasonable?. European Journal of Internal Medicine 16, 485–8 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2005.04.006"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958258,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437694,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437707,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129303137,"Title":"Optimal testing parameters for blood cultures","ParentTitle":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","ShortTitle":"Cockerill (2004)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2004","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1537-6591","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"38","Pages":"1724–30","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med5&DO=10.1086%2f421087","OldItemId":"4919","Abstract":"The effects of volume of blood, number of consecutive cultures, and incubation time on pathogen recovery were evaluated for 37,568 blood cultures tested with the automated BACTEC 9240 instrument (Becton Dickinson Diagnostic Instrument Systems) at a tertiary care center over the period of 12 June 1996 through 12 October 1997. When the results for this study were compared with previous data published for manual broth-based blood culture systems and patient samples obtained in the 1970s and 1980s, the following were found: (1) the percentage increase in pathogen recovery per milliliter of blood is less, (2) more consecutive blood culture sets over a 24-h period are required to detect bloodstream pathogens, and (3) a shorter duration of incubation is required to diagnose bloodstream infections. Guidelines developed in the 1970s and 1980s for processing and culturing blood may require revision.","Comments":"Cockerill, F R 3rd \r\nWilson, J W \r\nVetter, E A \r\nGoodman, K M \r\nTorgerson, C A \r\nHarmsen, W S \r\nSchleck, C D \r\nIlstrup, D M \r\nWashington, J A 2nd \r\nWilson, W R \r\nComment in (CIN)\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Cockerill F R; 3rd; Wilson J W; Vetter E A; Goodman K M; Torgerson C A; Harmsen W S; Schleck C D; Ilstrup D M; Washington J A; 2nd; Wilson W R; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1086/421087","Keywords":"*Bacteremia/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Bacteriological Techniques/is [Instrumentation]\r\n*Blood/mi [Microbiology]\r\n0 (Culture Media)\r\nAdult\r\nColony Count\r\nCulture Media\r\nHumans\r\nMicrobial\r\nTime Factors","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Cockerill F R, 3rd, Wilson J W, Vetter E A, Goodman K M, Torgerson C A, Harmsen W S, Schleck C D, Ilstrup D M, Washington J A, 2nd, and Wilson W R (2004) Optimal testing parameters for blood cultures. Clinical Infectious Diseases 38, 1724–30 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1086/421087"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958260,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437670,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437683,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437684,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437687,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437699,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437707,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129298715,"Title":"Lessons learned from a diagnostic stewardship intervention in response to a blood culture bottle supply shock","ParentTitle":"Antimicrobial Stewardship & Healthcare Epidemiology : ASHE.","ShortTitle":"Cohen (2025)","DateCreated":"26/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2025","Month":"","StandardNumber":"2732-494X","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"5","Pages":"e251","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=pmnm10&DO=10.1017%2fash.2025.10186","OldItemId":"492","Abstract":"Faced with a national blood culture bottle shortage, our institution formed a multidisciplinary stewardship team and implemented policy changes. This reduced orders by 60%, potentially saving $145,000 monthly, while maintaining stable in-hospital sepsis mortality rates. Copyright © The Author(s) 2025.","Comments":"Cohen Yatziv, Lior \r\nMena Lora, Alfredo \r\nGross, Alan E \r\nAdams, Jenna \r\nIsmail, Nahed \r\nBorgetti, Scott\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Cohen Yatziv; L; Mena Lora; A; Gross A E; Adams J; Ismail N; Borgetti S; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ash.2025.10186","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Cohen Yatziv, L, Mena Lora, A, Gross A E, Adams J, Ismail N, and Borgetti S (2025) Lessons learned from a diagnostic stewardship intervention in response to a blood culture bottle supply shock. Antimicrobial Stewardship & Healthcare Epidemiology : ASHE. 5, e251 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ash.2025.10186"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437697,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20002967,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129300653,"Title":"Estimation of missed bloodstream infections without the third blood culture set: a retrospective observational single-centre study","ParentTitle":"Clinical Microbiology & Infection","ShortTitle":"Collazos-Blanco (2019)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2019","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1469-0691","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"25","Pages":"469–473","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med16&DO=10.1016%2fj.cmi.2018.06.024","OldItemId":"2432","Abstract":"OBJECTIVES: The question of whether to obtain two or three sets of blood cultures to assess the aetiology of bloodstream infections (BSIs) remains open to debate. Few studies have assessed the proportion of BSIs missed without the third blood culture set (BCS). The aim of our study was to determine the proportion of BSIs that would be missed without the third BCS in a hospital where obtaining three BCSs is the standard of care. METHODS: We performed a descriptive retrospective study in Hospital Gregorio Maranon (Madrid) from 2010 to 2013. We included all episodes of BSI in which three BCSs were systematically obtained. RESULTS: We included 4000 episodes of BSI between 2010 and 2013. Without the third BCS, we would have missed 298 (7.5%) episodes of BSI: 141 (47.3%) by gram-positive microorganisms, 147 (49.3%) by gram-negative microorganisms, and 10 (3.4%) by yeasts. In 132/298 (44.3%) of the episodes another clinical sample was obtained within a week of the BCS extraction; in 101/298 (33.9%), the same microorganism was present in a significant clinical sample other than blood. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that performing a third BCS is useful, as not doing this could result in an unacceptable number of BSIs going undetected. Copyright © 2018 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","Comments":"Collazos-Blanco, A \r\nPerez-Garcia, F \r\nSanchez-Carrillo, C \r\nde Egea, V \r\nMunoz, P \r\nBouza, E \r\nComment in (CIN) \r\nS1198-743X(18)30489-0\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Collazos-Blanco A; Perez-Garcia F; Sanchez-Carrillo C; de Egea V; Munoz P; Bouza E; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2018.06.024","Keywords":"*Bacteremia/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Blood Culture/mt [Methods]\r\n*Diagnostic Errors/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data]\r\n*Fungemia/di [Diagnosis]\r\nBacteremia/mi [Microbiology]\r\nFemale\r\nFungemia/mi [Microbiology]\r\nHumans\r\nMale\r\nMiddle Aged\r\nRetrospective Studies\r\nSpain\r\nTertiary Care Centers/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data]","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Collazos-Blanco A, Perez-Garcia F, Sanchez-Carrillo C, de Egea V, Munoz P, and Bouza E (2019) Estimation of missed bloodstream infections without the third blood culture set: a retrospective observational single-centre study. Clinical Microbiology & Infection 25, 469–473 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2018.06.024"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958255,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437696,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975768,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975798,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437718,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129301695,"Title":"Unique blood culture for diagnosis of bloodstream infections in emergency departments: a prospective multicentre study","ParentTitle":"Clinical Microbiology & Infection","ShortTitle":"Dargere (2014)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2014","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1469-0691","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"Dargere, S. Service de Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Caen, France.","Volume":"20","Pages":"O920–7","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med11&DO=10.1111%2f1469-0691.12656","OldItemId":"3474","Abstract":"Detection of microorganisms by blood cultures (BCs) is essential in managing patients with bacteraemia. Rather than the number of punctures, the volume of blood drawn is considered paramount in efficient and reliable detection of microorganisms. We performed a 1-year prospective multicentre study in adult emergency departments of three French university hospitals comparing two methods for BCs: a unique blood culture (UBC) collecting a large volume of blood (40 mL) and the standard method of multiple blood cultures (MBC). The performances of both methods for bacterial contamination and efficient microbial detection were compared, each patient serving as his own control. Amongst the 2314 patients included, three hundred were positive for pathogens (n=245) or contaminants (n=55). Out of the 245 patients, 11 were positive for pathogens by UBC but negative by MBC and seven negative by UBC but positive by MBC (p 0.480). In the subgroup of 137 patients with only two BCs, UBC was superior to MBC (p 0.044). Seven and 17 patients had contaminated BCs by UBC and MBC only, respectively (p 0.062). Considering the sums of pathogens missed and contaminants, UBC significantly outperformed MBC (p 0.045). Considering the complete picture of cost savings, efficient detection of microorganisms and decrease in contaminations, UBC offers an interesting alternative to MBC. Copyright © 2014 The Authors Clinical Microbiology and Infection © 2014 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases.","Comments":"Dargere, S\r\nParienti, J-J\r\nRoupie, E\r\nGancel, P-E\r\nWiel, E\r\nSmaiti, N\r\nLoiez, C\r\nJoly, L-M\r\nLemee, L\r\nPestel-Caron, M\r\ndu Cheyron, D\r\nVerdon, R\r\nLeclercq, R\r\nCattoir, V\r\nDaubin C\r\nDelente G\r\nLe Roux C\r\nMasson R\r\nOchoa W\r\nSauneuf B\r\nSeguin A\r\nTerzi N\r\nValette X\r\nBrulin-Lemanski C\r\nCourcol R\r\nSmith G\r\nWilliatte P\r\nAlfonsi M\r\nLvovschi V\r\nPeschanski N","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Dargere S; Parienti J J; Roupie E; Gancel P E; Wiel E; Smaiti N; Loiez C; Joly L M; Lemee L; Pestel-Caron M; du Cheyron; D; Verdon R; Leclercq R; Cattoir V; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1469-0691.12656","Keywords":"Adolescent\r\nAdult\r\nAged\r\nAged, 80 and over\r\n*Bacteremia/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Bacteriological Techniques/mt [Methods]\r\n*Blood/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Emergency Medicine/mt [Methods]\r\nEmergency Service, Hospital\r\nFemale\r\nFrance\r\nHospitals, University\r\nHumans\r\nMale\r\nMiddle Aged\r\nProspective Studies\r\n*Specimen Handling/mt [Methods]\r\nYoung Adult","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Dargere S, Parienti J J, Roupie E, Gancel P E, Wiel E, Smaiti N, Loiez C, Joly L M, Lemee L, Pestel-Caron M, du Cheyron, D, Verdon R, Leclercq R, and Cattoir V (2014) Unique blood culture for diagnosis of bloodstream infections in emergency departments: a prospective multicentre study. Clinical Microbiology & Infection 20, O920–7 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1469-0691.12656"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437668,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437682,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437697,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437716,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129301143,"Title":"Comparison of BACTEC TM blood culture media for the detection of fungemia","ParentTitle":"European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases","ShortTitle":"Datcu (2017)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2017","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1435-4373","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"36","Pages":"131–137","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med14&DO=10.1007%2fs10096-016-2781-y","OldItemId":"2922","Abstract":"The aim of the present study was to investigate whether addition of the BACTEC TM Mycosis bottle to the standard BACTEC TM aerobic and anaerobic bottles contributed to a higher detection rate and a faster time to detection (TTD) of fungi. This was a retrospective cohort study of all patients with a positive blood culture with Candida species delivered to the Department of Clinical Microbiology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Denmark in the 8-year period 2006 through 2014. The patients had at least one BACTEC TM aerobic and one Mycosis bottle sampled at the same time and at least one of the bottles yielded growth of fungi. Among 184 patients included, 173 were examined using BACTEC TM aerobic, anaerobic and Mycosis bottles. The anaerobic vial generally had the lowest detection rate and the longest TTD. The detection rate of BACTEC TM aerobic plus anaerobic with the BACTEC TM Mycosis bottle was significantly higher than the detection rate of BACTEC TM aerobic plus anaerobic without BACTEC TM Mycosis bottle for all species after 1-5 days, and specially for Candida glabrata at 2, 3, 4 and 5 days. TTD for C. glabrata was significantly shorter for BACTEC TM Mycosis than TTD for BACTEC TM aerobic or anaerobic bottles after 1/2 to 4 days. When combining \"first or only\" detection, the BACTEC TM Mycosis bottle had a significantly higher detection as compared to the aerobic bottle. Addition of the BACTEC TM Mycosis bottle to the standard BACTEC TM aerobic and anaerobic bottles significantly contributed to a higher detection rate and a faster TTD of fungemia.","Comments":"Datcu, R \r\nBoel, J \r\nJensen, I M \r\nArpi, M\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Datcu R; Boel J; Jensen I M; Arpi M; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10096-016-2781-y","Keywords":"*Blood Culture/mt [Methods]\r\n*Candida/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\n*Candidemia/di [Diagnosis]\r\n80 and over\r\nAdult\r\nAged\r\nDenmark\r\nFemale\r\nHumans\r\nMale\r\nMiddle Aged\r\nRetrospective Studies\r\nSensitivity and Specificity\r\nTime Factors","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Datcu R, Boel J, Jensen I M, and Arpi M (2017) Comparison of BACTEC TM blood culture media for the detection of fungemia. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 36, 131–137 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10096-016-2781-y"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437682,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437683,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437699,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437718,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129305657,"Title":"Utility of anaerobic blood cultures in the clinical management of infectious patients","ParentTitle":"Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease","ShortTitle":"Diallo (2025)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2025","Month":"","StandardNumber":"0732-8893","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"[Diallo, K.] Univ Hosp Reun, Dept Infect & Trop Dis & Dermatol, St Pierre, France; [Belkacem, A.; Raffetin, A.; Medina, F.; Jaafar, D.; Caraux-Paz, P.] Intercommunal Hosp Ctr Villeneuve St Georges, Dept Infect & Trop Dis, Villeneuve St Georges, France; [Corlouer, C.] Intercommunal Hosp Ctr Villeneuve St Georges, Dept Bacteriol, Villeneuve St Georges, France Diallo, K (corresponding author), Univ Hosp Reun, Dept Infect & Trop Dis & Dermatol, St Pierre, France. fernanda.medina@chiv.fr; pauline.caraux-paz@chiv.fr; anna.belkacem@chiv.fr; danielle.jaafar@chiv.fr; alice.raffetin@chiv.fr; camille.corlouer@chiv.fr; kevin.diallo@chu-reunion.fr","Volume":"111","Pages":"7","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"<Go to ISI>://WOS:001411041000001","OldItemId":"16272","Abstract":"Paired aerobic/anaerobic cultures are routinely performed for the diagnosis of bacteraemia. This study aimed to assess the utility of anaerobic cultures in the management of infectious patients. All positive blood cultures taken from adult patients in a French hospital between November 2018 and March 2020 were evaluated. Clinical and microbiological data were collected for all patients with a positive anaerobic culture. Among the 17,272 positive pairs, 1402 included an anaerobic culture (8 %). In the 487 patients with anaerobic bacteraemia, the most commonly detected microorganisms were Enterobacterales (45 %), Staphylococcus aureus (16 %) and obligate anaerobes (6 %). In the 30 patients with obligate anaerobic bacteraemia, the most commonly detected bacterial species were Bacteroides spp. (30 %). When the bacteraemia-causing microorganism grew in both cultures (76 %), the anaerobic culture became positive prior to the aerobic culture in 54 % of cases-mainly for Enterobacterales and S. aureus. Our findings support the utility of performing anaerobic cultures.","Comments":"ISI Document Delivery No.: U3S7Z\r\nTimes Cited: 3\r\nCited Reference Count: 31\r\nDiallo, K. Belkacem, A. Raffetin, A. Medina, F. Jaafar, D. Corlouer, C. Caraux-Paz, P.\r\nRAFFETIN, Alice/HJH-6866-2023\r\nRAFFETIN, Alice/0000-0002-5003-540X\r\n0\r\n3\r\n1\r\nElsevier science inc\r\nNew york\r\n1879-0070","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Diallo K; Belkacem A; Raffetin A; Medina F; Jaafar D; Corlouer C; Caraux-Paz P; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116702","Keywords":"Bacteraemia\r\nAnaerobes\r\nAntibiotic therapy\r\nAnaerobic bottles\r\nbacteremia\r\ndiagnosis\r\nmortality\r\nInfectious Diseases\r\nMicrobiology","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Diallo K, Belkacem A, Raffetin A, Medina F, Jaafar D, Corlouer C, and Caraux-Paz P (2025) Utility of anaerobic blood cultures in the clinical management of infectious patients. Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease 111, 7 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116702"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"Very small section on sets. Main focus is comparing patients with inflammatory response and those without on likelihood of BC being collected and test positivity","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437697,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975768,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19984437,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437706,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129301561,"Title":"Blood cultures in acute surgical admissions","ParentTitle":"Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England","ShortTitle":"Dunne (2015)","DateCreated":"26/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2015","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1478-7083","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"97","Pages":"27–31","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med12&DO=10.1308%2f003588414X14055925059110","OldItemId":"3340","Abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Obtaining blood cultures prior to the administration of antimicrobial therapy was a key recommendation of the 2012 UK Surviving Sepsis Campaign. Few studies have examined the effect blood cultures have on clinical management and there have been none on acute surgical admissions. This retrospective study sought to evaluate the effect of blood cultures on clinical management in acute surgical admissions. METHODS: Data on acute surgical patients admitted between 1 January and 31 December 2012 were extracted from hospital records. Patients given intravenous antibiotics within 24 hours of admission were identified. Data collected included antibiotics administered, blood culture results, admission observations and white blood cell count. Case notes were reviewed for patients with positive cultures to establish whether the result led to a change in management. RESULTS: Of 5,887 acute surgical admissions, 1,346 received intravenous antibiotics within 24 hours and 978 sets of blood cultures were taken in 690 patients. The recommended two sets of cultures were obtained in 246 patients (18%). Patients who had blood cultures taken had the same in-hospital mortality as those who had none taken (3.6% vs 3.5%, p=0.97). Blood cultures were positive in 80 cases (11.6%). The presence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome did not increase positivity rates (12.9% vs 10.3%, p=0.28). Overall, cultures altered management in two patients (0.3%). CONCLUSIONS: Blood cultures rarely affect clinical management. In order to assess the additional value that blood cultures bring to sepsis management in acute surgical admissions, a prospective randomised trial focusing on outcome is needed.","Comments":"Dunne, D F J \r\nMcDonald, R \r\nRatnayake, R \r\nMalik, H Z \r\nWard, R \r\nPoston, G J \r\nFenwick, S W\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Dunne D F; McDonald R; Ratnayake R; Malik H Z; Ward R; Poston G J; Fenwick S W; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1308/003588414X14055925059110","Keywords":"*Bacteriological Techniques/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data]\r\n*Blood/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Emergency Service\r\n*Hospitalization/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data]\r\n*Sepsis/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Sepsis/ep [Epidemiology]\r\n0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents)\r\nAdult\r\nAged\r\nAnti-Bacterial Agents/pd [Pharmacology]\r\nAnti-Bacterial Agents/tu [Therapeutic Use]\r\nBacteria/de [Drug Effects]\r\nBacteria/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\nFemale\r\nHospital/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data]\r\nHumans\r\nMale\r\nMicrobial Sensitivity Tests\r\nMiddle Aged\r\nOperative\r\nRetrospective Studies\r\nSepsis/dt [Drug Therapy]\r\nSepsis/mi [Microbiology]\r\nSurgical Procedures","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Dunne D F, McDonald R, Ratnayake R, Malik H Z, Ward R, Poston G J, and Fenwick S W (2015) Blood cultures in acute surgical admissions. Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 97, 27–31 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1308/003588414X14055925059110"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437671,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437698,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975768,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975787,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437751,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129299772,"Title":"Single-Site Sampling versus Multisite Sampling for Blood Cultures: a Retrospective Clinical Study","ParentTitle":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","ShortTitle":"Ekwall-Larson (2022)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2022","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1098-660X","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"60","Pages":"e0193521","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med21&DO=10.1128%2fJCM.01935-21","OldItemId":"1551","Abstract":"The performance of blood cultures (BCs) relies on optimal sampling. Sepsis guidelines do not specify which sampling protocol to use but recommend two sets of BC bottles, each set containing one aerobic and one anaerobic bottle. For the single-site sampling (SSS) protocol, only one venipuncture is performed for all four bottles. The predominating multisite sampling (MSS) protocol implies that BC bottles are collected from two separate venipuncture sites. The aim of this study was to compare SSS and MSS. Primary outcomes were number of BC sets collected, sample volume, and diagnostic performance. This was a retrospective clinical study comparing BC results in an emergency department before and after changing the sampling protocol to SSS from MSS. All BC samples were incubated in the BacT/Alert BC system. The analysis included 5,248 patients before and 5,364 patients after the implementation of SSS. There was a significantly higher proportion of positive BCs sampled with SSS compared with MSS, 1,049/5,364 (19.56%) and 932/5,248 (17.76%), respectively (P = 0.018). This difference was due to a higher proportion of solitary BC sets (two BC bottles) in MSS. Analyzing only patients with the recommended four BC bottles, there was no difference in positivity. SSS had a higher proportion of BC bottles with the recommended sample volumes of 8-12 ml than MSS (P < 0.001). Changing the sampling protocol to SSS from MSS resulted in higher positivity rates, higher sample volume and fewer solitary BC sets. These advantages of SSS should be considered in future sepsis guidelines.","Comments":"Ekwall-Larson, Anna \r\nYu, David \r\nDinnetz, Patrik \r\nNordqvist, Hampus \r\nOzenci, Volkan \r\nErratum in (EIN)\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Ekwall-Larson A; Yu D; Dinnetz P; Nordqvist H; Ozenci V; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01935-21","Keywords":"*Bacteremia/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Sepsis/di [Diagnosis]\r\nBlood Culture/mt [Methods]\r\nHumans\r\nPhlebotomy\r\nRetrospective Studies\r\nSpecimen Handling/mt [Methods]","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Ekwall-Larson A, Yu D, Dinnetz P, Nordqvist H, and Ozenci V (2022) Single-Site Sampling versus Multisite Sampling for Blood Cultures: a Retrospective Clinical Study. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 60, e0193521 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01935-21"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958255,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437671,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437697,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437704,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20002967,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437726,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19988316,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129301424,"Title":"Comparative evaluation of the role of single and multiple blood specimens in the outcome of blood cultures using BacT/ALERT 3D (automated) blood culture system in a tertiary care hospital","ParentTitle":"Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine","ShortTitle":"Elantamilan (2016)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2016","Month":"","StandardNumber":"0972-5229","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"Elantamilan, D. Department of Microbiology, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, Meghalaya, India. Lyngdoh, Valarie Wihiwot. Department of Microbiology, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, Meghalaya, India. Khyriem, Annie B. Department of Microbiology, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, Meghalaya, India. Rajbongshi, Jyotismita. Department of Microbiology, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, Meghalaya, India. Bora, Ishani. Department of Microbiology, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, Meghalaya, India. Devi, Surbala Thingujam. Department of Microbiology, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, Meghalaya, India. Bhattacharyya, Prithwis. Department of Anaesthesiology and Cr","Volume":"20","Pages":"530–3","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=pmnm3&DO=10.4103%2f0972-5229.190371","OldItemId":"3203","Abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Bloodstream infection (BSI) is a leading cause of mortality in critically ill patients. The mortality directly attributable to BSI has been estimated to be around 16% and 40% in general hospital population and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) population, respectively. The detection rate of these infections increases with the number of blood samples obtained for culture. The newer continuous monitoring automated blood culture systems with enhanced culture media show increased yield and sensitivity. Hence, we aimed at studying the role of single and multiple blood specimens from different sites at the same time in the outcome of automated blood culture system. MATERIALS AND METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 1054 blood culture sets were analyzed over 1 year, the sensitivity of one, two, and three samples in a set was found to be 85.67%, 96.59%, and 100%, respectively, which showed a statistically significant difference (P < 0.0001). Similar findings were seen in few more studies, however, among individual organisms in contrast to other studies, the isolation rates of Gram-positive bacteria were less than that of Gram-negative Bacilli with one (or first) sample in a blood culture set. In our study, despite using BacT/ALERT three-dimensional continuous culture monitoring system with FAN plus culture bottles, 15% of positive cultures would have been missed if only a single sample was collected in a blood culture set. CONCLUSION: The variables like the volume of blood and number of samples collected from different sites still play a major role in the outcome of these automated blood culture systems.","Comments":"Elantamilan, D\r\nLyngdoh, Valarie Wihiwot\r\nKhyriem, Annie B\r\nRajbongshi, Jyotismita\r\nBora, Ishani\r\nDevi, Surbala Thingujam\r\nBhattacharyya, Prithwis\r\nBarman, Himesh","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Elantamilan D; Lyngdoh V W; Khyriem A B; Rajbongshi J; Bora I; Devi S T; Bhattacharyya P; Barman H; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0972-5229.190371","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Elantamilan D, Lyngdoh V W, Khyriem A B, Rajbongshi J, Bora I, Devi S T, Bhattacharyya P, and Barman H (2016) Comparative evaluation of the role of single and multiple blood specimens in the outcome of blood cultures using BacT/ALERT 3D (automated) blood culture system in a tertiary care hospital. Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine 20, 530–3 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0972-5229.190371"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19988316,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437694,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437706,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129303094,"Title":"Predictive value of isolating Pseudomonas aeruginosa from aerobic and anaerobic blood culture bottles","ParentTitle":"Journal of Medical Microbiology","ShortTitle":"Enoch (2004)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2004","Month":"","StandardNumber":"0022-2615","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"53","Pages":"1151–1154","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med5&DO=10.1099%2fjmm.0.45727-0","OldItemId":"4876","Abstract":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a particularly virulent pathogen when it causes bacteraemia and early diagnosis is essential to reduce morbidity and mortality. It is an aerobe and is thought by many to be almost exclusively isolated from the aerobic blood culture bottle in cases of bacteraemia. This study analysed 277 Gram-negative bacteraemic episodes over 1 year at a single institution in order to assess the predictive value of this finding. In 39 of 44 episodes of P. aeruginosa bacteraemia, the organism was isolated from the aerobic bottle only, which gave a sensitivity of 88.6 % for this 'test' and a specificity of 73.8 %. However, for all episodes of Gram-negative bacteraemia, the likelihood of a Gram-negative bacillus occurring in the aerobic bottle first being P. aeruginosa was only 39 %. The converse finding of a Gram-negative bacillus isolated first in the anaerobic bottle or from both bottles together was clinically helpful, having a negative predictive value of 97.2 % (i.e. that the organism was not P. aeruginosa).","Comments":"Enoch, David A \r\nSimpson, Andrew Jh \r\nKibbler, Christopher C\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Enoch D A; Simpson A J; Kibbler C C; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.45727-0","Keywords":"*Bacteremia/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Blood/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Pseudomonas Infections/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Pseudomonas aeruginosa/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\nAerobiosis\r\nBacteriological Techniques\r\nHumans\r\nPredictive Value of Tests\r\nSensitivity and Specificity","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Enoch D A, Simpson A J, and Kibbler C C (2004) Predictive value of isolating Pseudomonas aeruginosa from aerobic and anaerobic blood culture bottles. Journal of Medical Microbiology 53, 1151–1154 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.45727-0"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958255,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437668,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437682,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437696,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437751,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129302092,"Title":"Clinical comparison of the Bactec Mycosis IC/F, BacT/Alert FA, and BacT/Alert FN blood culture vials for the detection of candidemia","ParentTitle":"Diagnostic Microbiology & Infectious Disease","ShortTitle":"Ericson (2012)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2012","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1879-0070","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"Ericson, Eva-Lena. Division of Clinical Microbiology F 72, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.","Volume":"73","Pages":"153–6","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med9&DO=10.1016%2fj.diagmicrobio.2012.02.020","OldItemId":"3871","Abstract":"The present study analyzed the performance of Bactec Mycosis IC/F, BacT/Alert FA, and BacT/Alert FN vials in detection and time to detection (TTD) of Candida spp. in 179 simultaneous blood cultures. The Mycosis IC/F, BacT/Alert FA, and BacT/Alert FN vials could detect Candida spp. in 144 (80.45%) of 179, 149 (83.24%) of 179, and 8 (4.47%) of 179 samples, respectively. With the presence of antifungal therapy, the numbers of positive vials were higher in BacT/Alert FA compared to Mycosis IC/F, 87/99 versus 73/99, respectively (P < 0.05). TTD (SD) for C. albicans was shorter in Mycosis IC/F than in BacT/Alert FA vials without antifungal therapy, 20.89 (9.33) versus 28.26 (9.77), respectively (P < 0.01). The detection of Candida spp., with concomitant bacteremia, was higher in Mycosis IC/F than in BacT/Alert FA vials, 28/30 and 19/30, respectively (P = 0.01). The present data show that the use of Bactec Mycosis IC/F together with BacT/Alert FA vials might improve the detection of Candida spp. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","Comments":"Ericson, Eva-Lena\r\nKlingspor, Lena\r\nUllberg, Mans\r\nOzenci, Volkan","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Ericson E L; Klingspor L; Ullberg M; Ozenci V; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2012.02.020","Keywords":"Antifungal Agents/tu [Therapeutic Use]\r\nBacteremia/bl [Blood]\r\nBacteremia/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Candida/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\n*Candidemia/bl [Blood]\r\nCandidemia/dt [Drug Therapy]\r\nCandidemia/mi [Microbiology]\r\nCoinfection/bl [Blood]\r\nCoinfection/dt [Drug Therapy]\r\nCulture Media\r\nHumans\r\nLimit of Detection\r\n*Mycological Typing Techniques/is [Instrumentation]\r\n*Mycological Typing Techniques/mt [Methods]\r\n0 (Antifungal Agents)\r\n0 (Culture Media)","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Ericson E L, Klingspor L, Ullberg M, and Ozenci V (2012) Clinical comparison of the Bactec Mycosis IC/F, BacT/Alert FA, and BacT/Alert FN blood culture vials for the detection of candidemia. Diagnostic Microbiology & Infectious Disease 73, 153–6 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2012.02.020"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958260,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437670,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437699,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975798,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437707,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129298366,"Title":"Shortage as a catalyst for high-value care: Evaluation of a blood culture stewardship intervention driven by supply chain disruption","ParentTitle":"Journal of Hospital Medicine (Online)","ShortTitle":"Ezran (2026)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2026","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1553-5606","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"Ezran, Camille. Internal Medicine Residency, Department of Medicine, MaineHealth Maine Medical Center, Portland, Maine, USA. Herrle, Elizabeth. Department of Medicine, Division of Hospital Medicine, MaineHealth Maine Medical Center, Portland, Maine, USA. Herrle, Elizabeth. Clinical Informatics, MaineHealth Maine Medical Center, Portland, Maine, USA. Yen, Christina F. Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, MaineHealth Maine Medical Center, Portland, Maine, USA. Mercuro, Nicholas J. Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, MaineHealth Maine Medical Center, Portland, Maine, USA. Mercuro, Nicholas J. Pharmacy, MaineHealth Maine Medical Center, Portland, Maine, USA. Diekema, Daniel J. Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, MaineHealth Maine Medical Center, Portland, Maine, USA. Gordon, Lesley B. Internal Medicine Residency, Department of Medicine, MaineHealth Maine Medical Center, Portland, Maine, USA. Gordon, Lesley B. Department ","Volume":"21","Pages":"368–374","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=medl&DO=10.1002%2fjhm.70158","OldItemId":"142","Abstract":"BACKGROUND: Clinicians often repeat blood cultures in hospitalized, bacteremic patients in excess. Unnecessary cultures have negative impacts, including increased length of hospitalization and environmental waste. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of diagnostic stewardship interventions on repeat blood culture ordering in bacteremic patients during the BD Bactec blood culture bottle shortage in 2024. METHODS: We performed a quasi-experimental study including a pre, post, and sustainment phase of adult patients hospitalized with a bloodstream infection at the MaineHealth healthcare system from March to November 2024. RESULTS: Nine hundred and forty patients met inclusion criteria. Stewardship interventions reduced repeat blood cultures in patients with Gram-negative rod and Streptococcal bacteremia from 52% to 25% (p < .001), which increased to 47% in the sustainment phase. When repeat cultures were warranted (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus), the interval between cultures increased from 1.7 to 2.0 days (p = .002); during the sustainment phase it decreased to 1.9 days. We estimate that 1968 cultures would be averted yearly if the interventions were sustained. CONCLUSIONS: During a culture bottle shortage, diagnostic stewardship interventions significantly decreased the proportion of unnecessary repeat cultures, thereby improving adherence to evidence-based care and reducing cost and environmental impact. After the shortage ended, the gains in stewardship were partially lost. This suggests that beyond improving education, interventions aimed at impressing upon providers the severity of the shortage itself impacted behavior. Future efforts should identify how positive behavior changes can be extended beyond acute crises to promote high-value, environmentally responsible healthcare. Copyright © 2025 Society of Hospital Medicine.","Comments":"Ezran, Camille\r\nHerrle, Elizabeth\r\nYen, Christina F\r\nMercuro, Nicholas J\r\nDiekema, Daniel J\r\nGordon, Lesley B","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Ezran C; Herrle E; Yen C F; Mercuro N J; Diekema D J; Gordon L B; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhm.70158","Keywords":"Humans\r\n*Blood Culture/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data]\r\n*Blood Culture/st [Standards]\r\n*Bacteremia/di [Diagnosis]\r\nMale\r\nFemale\r\nMiddle Aged\r\nAged\r\n*Antimicrobial Stewardship\r\nAdult","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Ezran C, Herrle E, Yen C F, Mercuro N J, Diekema D J, and Gordon L B (2026) Shortage as a catalyst for high-value care: Evaluation of a blood culture stewardship intervention driven by supply chain disruption. Journal of Hospital Medicine (Online) 21, 368–374 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhm.70158"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437672,"AdditionalText":"time  between multiple sets","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437698,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975768,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437707,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129299520,"Title":"To wait or not to wait: Optimal time interval between the first and second blood-culture sets to maximize blood-culture yield","ParentTitle":"Antimicrobial Stewardship & Healthcare Epidemiology : ASHE.","ShortTitle":"Fabre (2022)","DateCreated":"26/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2022","Month":"","StandardNumber":"2732-494X","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"2","Pages":"e51","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=pmnm7&DO=10.1017%2fash.2022.27","OldItemId":"1299","Abstract":"The optimal timing of blood culture (BCx) sets collection has not been evaluated with continuous BCx detection systems. The yield of BCx was similar between short intervals (median, 3 minutes) and longer intervals (median, 16 or 43 minutes) among 5,856 BCx, except for improved polymicrobial bacteremia detection with long-interval BCx. Copyright © The Author(s) 2022.","Comments":"Fabre, Valeria \r\nJones, George F \r\nHsu, Yea-Jen \r\nCarroll, Karen C \r\nCosgrove, Sara E \r\nU54 CK000617\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Fabre V; Jones G F; Hsu Y J; Carroll K C; Cosgrove S E; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ash.2022.27","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Fabre V, Jones G F, Hsu Y J, Carroll K C, and Cosgrove S E (2022) To wait or not to wait: Optimal time interval between the first and second blood-culture sets to maximize blood-culture yield. Antimicrobial Stewardship & Healthcare Epidemiology : ASHE. 2, e51 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ash.2022.27"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437682,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437698,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975798,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437718,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"[Hollie Melton]\r\n","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129299730,"Title":"Contribution of the anaerobic blood culture vial for the recovery of Candida glabrata: A retrospective multicentric study","ParentTitle":"Medical Mycology","ShortTitle":"Farfour (2022)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2022","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1460-2709","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"60","Pages":"29","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med21&DO=10.1093%2fmmy%2fmyac021","OldItemId":"1509","Abstract":"Although Candida spp are aerobic microorganisms, some Candida strains, mainly Candida glabrata, can be recovered from anaerobic blood culture vials. We assessed the contribution of the anaerobic vials for the diagnosis of candidemia, especially for C. glabrata. We conducted a multicenter retrospective study including eight university or regional hospitals. A single episode of monomicrobial candidemia per patient was included from September 1st, 2016, to August 31st, 2019. The characteristics of all aerobic and anaerobic blood culture vials sampled within 2 h before and after the first positive blood culture vials were recorded (type of vials, result, and for positive vials time-to-positivity and Candida species). Overall, 509 episodes of candidemia were included. The main species were C. albicans (55.6%) followed by C. glabrata (17.1%), C. parapsilosis (4.9%), and C. tropicalis (4.5%). An anaerobic vial was positive in 76 (14.9%) of all episodes of which 56 (73.8%) were due to C. glabrata. The number of C. glabrata infections only positive in anaerobic vials was 1 (2.6%), 1 (11.1%), and 15 (37.5%) with the BACT/ALERT 3D the BACT/ALERT VIRTUO and the BACTEC FX instrument, respectively (P < 0.01). The initial positivity of an anaerobic vial was highly predictive of the isolation of C. glabrata with the BACTEC FX (sensitivity of 96.8%). C. glabrata time-to-positivity was shorter in anaerobic vial than aerobic vial with all instruments. Anaerobic blood culture vials improve the recovery of Candida spp mainly C. glabrata. This study could be completed by further analyses including mycological and pediatric vials. LAY SUMMARY: Although Candida spp are aerobic microorganisms, C. glabrata is able to grow in anaerobic conditions. In blood culture, the time-to-positivity of C. glabrata is shorter in anaerobic than aerobic vials. Only the anaerobic vial was positive in up to 15 (37.5%) C. glabrata bloodstream infections. Copyright © The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The International Society for Human and Animal Mycology.","Comments":"Using Smart Source Parsing \r\nApr \r\nFarfour, Eric \r\nLe Brun, Cecile \r\nMizrahi, Assaf \r\nBargain, Pauline \r\nDurieux, Marie-Fleur \r\nBoquel, Frederique \r\nCorvec, Stephane \r\nJeddi, Fakhri \r\nMuggeo, Anaelle \r\nHuguenin, Antoine \r\nBarraud, Olivier \r\nAmara, Marlene \r\nFihman, Vincent \r\nBailly, Eric \r\nBotterel, Francoise \r\nGuillard, Thomas \r\nVasse, Marc \r\nGuillouzouic A \r\nd'Epenoux LR \r\nBemer P \r\nJuvin ME \r\nWoerther PL \r\nFoulet F \r\nAmmar NA \r\nLe Pape P \r\nVillena I \r\nDes Champs C \r\nMereghetti L \r\nDesoubeaux G \r\nLe Monnier A \r\nAjzenberg D \r\nManeglier B \r\nmyac021\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Farfour E; Le Brun C; Mizrahi A; Bargain P; Durieux M F; Boquel F; Corvec S; Jeddi F; Muggeo A; Huguenin A; Barraud O; Amara M; Fihman V; Bailly E; Botterel F; Guillard T; Vasse M; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mmy/myac021","Keywords":"*Candidemia/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Candidemia/ve [Veterinary]\r\nAnaerobiosis\r\nAnimals\r\nBlood Culture/ve [Veterinary]\r\nCandida\r\nCandida albicans\r\nCandida glabrata\r\nHumans\r\nRetrospective Studies","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Farfour E, Le Brun C, Mizrahi A, Bargain P, Durieux M F, Boquel F, Corvec S, Jeddi F, Muggeo A, Huguenin A, Barraud O, Amara M, Fihman V, Bailly E, Botterel F, Guillard T, and Vasse M (2022) Contribution of the anaerobic blood culture vial for the recovery of Candida glabrata: A retrospective multicentric study. Medical Mycology 60, 29 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mmy/myac021"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437643,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975798,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437696,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437704,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958258,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20002967,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437756,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":130469331,"Title":"Anaerop Kan K lt r ?i?elerinin Rutin Kullaniminin De?erlendirilmesi","ParentTitle":"","ShortTitle":"G (2011)","DateCreated":"10/07/2026","CreatedBy":"David Marshall","DateEdited":"10/07/2026","EditedBy":"David Marshall","Year":"2011","Month":"","StandardNumber":"","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"","Pages":"","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"","OldItemId":"79","Abstract":"\"Purpose: Blood culture sets consisting of 2 aerobic bottles or 1 aerobic and 1 anaerobic bottles could be used according to different protocols in routine blood culture applications. Better growth rates for facultative anaerobic bacteria were detected in aerobic and anaerobic bottle containing blood sets when compared to only aerobic bottle containing sets. In this study the convenience of routine usage of anaerobic blood culture bottles was evaluated for detection of anaerobic bacteria growth and increase the detection rate of facultative anaerobic bacteria. Patients and Methods: 2398 patient samples (4796 bottles) obtained from 9 different affiliated hospitals between August 2009 and August 2010 were inoculated to blood culture sets consisting of 1 aerobic and 1 anaerobic blood culture bottles and evaluated with automated BACTEC system. Results: A positivity rate of 29.6% was detected in all blood cultures. From the total growth, 172 (24.3%) only grew in anaerobic bottles and 310 (43.7%) only grew in aerobic bottles whereas 227 (32%) growth were detected from both aerobic and anaerobic bottles. Gram positive cocci, Gram negative rods, anaerob bacteria, and fungi were detected in 63.8%, 27.8%, 0.4%, and 8.2% respectively from all positive cultures. The microorganisms detected only in anaerobic bottles comprised of 26.1% Gram positive cocci, 17.3% Gram negative cocci, 100% anaerobic bacteria, and 3.4% fungi.\"","Comments":"","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"G rkem Yaman; I??n Akyar; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"G rkem Yaman, and I??n Akyar (2011) Anaerop Kan K lt r ?i?elerinin Rutin Kullaniminin De?erlendirilmesi.  , "},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437643,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958258,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437696,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437704,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975822,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20019833,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20090165,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129304216,"Title":"Utility of anaerobic blood-cultures for bacteriemia diagnosis. [Spanish] Evaluacion de la utilidad de los hemocultivos para anaerobios en el diagnostico de bacteriemias","ParentTitle":"Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiologia","ShortTitle":"Garcia (2012)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2012","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1405-0994","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"(Garcia Miramontes) Patologia Clinica, Laboratorio del Hospital Christus Muguerza Alta Especialidad. Hidalgo, Pte. 2525 Colonia Obispado, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon. CP 64060, Mexico C.R. Garcia Miramontes, Patologia Clinica, Laboratorio del Hospital Christus Muguerza Alta Especialidad. Hidalgo, Pte. 2525 Colonia Obispado, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon. CP 64060, Mexico. E-mail: quicooo@gmail.com","Volume":"32(3)","Pages":"100–103","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"http://www.amimc.org.mx/revista/2012/32_3/evaluacion.pdf https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=emed13&AN=365496979<3905>","OldItemId":"9241","Abstract":"Routine use of anaerobic blood-cultures in diagnosis of bacteremia is controversial. It is necessary to dictate their practical and economical true value. MATERIAL AND METHODS. An observational study was made. Paired blood cultures (aerobic and anaerobic) were processed between June 2009 and December 2010, analysis of the proportions and differences in the use of both methods for bacteriemia diagnosis, with special emphasis on the use of anaerobic blood cultures was made. RESULTS. 1354 blood cultures were included, 677 aerobic blood cultures and 677 anaerobic blood cultures, 460 were taken in 2009 (230 for each type) and 894 in 2010. In 2009 for the aerobic, 199/230 (86.5%) had no showed growth and 31/230 (13.5%) is presented growth, while anaerobic cultures, 224/230 (97.4%) were negative and 6/230 (2.6%) were positive. In 2010, of the aerobic cultures 396/447 (88.6%) were negative and 51 (11.4%) positive, and in anaerobic cultures 435/447 (97.3%) were negative and only 12/447 (2.7%) were positive. CONCLUSION. The use of the anaerobic bottle should be avoided as routine study. The incidence of positive blood cultures for anaerobes is low, being facultative microorganisms that were isolated in 98% of aerobic blood cultures.","Comments":"","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Garcia Miramontes; C R; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"","Keywords":"Anaerobic bacteriemia\r\nBacteriemia\r\nBlood cultures\r\nanaerobic cell culture\r\narticle\r\nbacteremia/di [Diagnosis]\r\nbacterial growth\r\nblood culture\r\nnonhuman\r\nobservational study","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Garcia Miramontes, and C R (2012) Utility of anaerobic blood-cultures for bacteriemia diagnosis. [Spanish] Evaluacion de la utilidad de los hemocultivos para anaerobios en el diagnostico de bacteriemias. Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiologia 32(3), 100–103"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437642,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437687,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437688,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437694,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437707,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975822,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129306044,"Title":"Repeat blood cultures: Are two sets really needed?","ParentTitle":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","ShortTitle":"Gardner (2001)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2001","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1058-4838","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"Akron Gen Med Ctr, Akron, OH USA","Volume":"33","Pages":"1121–1121","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"<Go to ISI>://WOS:000171226900217","OldItemId":"21210","Abstract":"","Comments":"ISI Document Delivery No.: 476KU\r\nTimes Cited: 0\r\nCited Reference Count: 0\r\nGardner, W Singh, D Kaur, H Treen, L Roth, M\r\n0\r\nUniv chicago press\r\nChicago","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Gardner W; Singh D; Kaur H; Treen L; Roth M; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"","Keywords":"Immunology\r\nInfectious Diseases\r\nMicrobiology","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Gardner W, Singh D, Kaur H, Treen L, and Roth M (2001) Repeat blood cultures: Are two sets really needed?. Clinical Infectious Diseases 33, 1121–1121"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19975768,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437671,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437699,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958260,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975787,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129298344,"Title":"Evaluating a single-venipuncture strategy for blood culture collection","ParentTitle":"Enfermedades Infecciosas Y Microbiologia Clinica","ShortTitle":"Gimeno (2026)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2026","Month":"","StandardNumber":"2529-993X","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"Gimeno Gascon, Adelina. Unidad Clinica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiologia y Parasitologia, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Seville, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Seville, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: madelina.gimeno.sspa@juntadeandalucia.es. Molina Gil-Bermejo, Jose. Unidad Clinica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiologia y Parasitologia, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Seville, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Seville, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. Trigo Sorroche, Francisco. Servicio de Urgencias, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Seville, Spain. Navarro Navarro, M Carmen. Servicio de Urgencias, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Seville, Spain. Aguilar Guisado, Manuela. Unidad Clinica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiologia y Parasitologia, Hospital Universitar","Volume":"44","Pages":"503105","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=medl&DO=10.1016%2fj.eimce.2026.503105","OldItemId":"120","Abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Blood volume is the main determinant of blood culture diagnostic yield. Although guidelines recommend obtaining at least two complete sets, the traditional multiple extraction (ME) strategy requires two venipunctures, whereas the single extraction (SE) strategy uses one venipuncture to inoculate all four bottles. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of SE on the diagnostic performance of blood cultures in a high-demand emergency department. METHODS: A quasi-experimental observational study with a beforeafter design was conducted. The SE protocol was implemented in March 2023. Three periods were analysed: pre-intervention (2022, ME), post-intervention (April 2023-March 2024, SE), and follow-up (June 2024-May 2025, SE). Blood cultures were processed using BD BACTEC TM FX, and data were retrieved from BD EpiCenter TM and the laboratory information system. RESULTS: A total of 4614 blood cultures from 3206 patients were analysed in the pre-intervention period and 4974 cultures from 3756 patients in the postintervention period. After SE implementation, solitary cultures decreased significantly (85.9% to 7.2%) and contamination rates dropped (6.5% to 3.5%) (p < 0.05). True bacteremias increased slightly (16.2%-17.4%) without statistical significance. Improvements were sustained in the followup period, with contamination rates reaching 2.5% and falling for the first time below the 3% quality threshold. CONCLUSIONS: The SE strategy improves blood culture quality by significantly reducing solitary and contaminated samples without compromising the detection of true bacteremias. Its implementation may optimise diagnostic performance and promote more rational use of resources in high-pressure emergency settings. Copyright © 2026 Sociedad Espanola de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiologia Clinica. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. All rights reserved.","Comments":"Gimeno Gascon, Adelina\r\nMolina Gil-Bermejo, Jose\r\nTrigo Sorroche, Francisco\r\nNavarro Navarro, M Carmen\r\nAguilar Guisado, Manuela\r\nPenalva Moreno, German\r\nGuisado Gil, Ana Belen\r\nBueno Mariscal, Claudio\r\nCisneros Herreros, Jose Miguel\r\nLepe Jimenez, Jose Antonio\r\nS2529-993X(26)00043-2","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Gimeno Gascon; A; Molina Gil-Bermejo; J; Trigo Sorroche; F; Navarro Navarro; M C; Aguilar Guisado; M; Penalva Moreno; G; Guisado Gil; A B; Bueno Mariscal; C; Cisneros Herreros; J M; Lepe Jimenez; J A; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503105","Keywords":"Humans\r\n*Blood Culture/mt [Methods]\r\n*Phlebotomy/mt [Methods]\r\nMale\r\nFemale\r\nEmergency Service, Hospital\r\nMiddle Aged\r\n*Blood Specimen Collection/mt [Methods]\r\nAged\r\nAdult","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Gimeno Gascon, A, Molina Gil-Bermejo, J, Trigo Sorroche, F, Navarro Navarro, M C, Aguilar Guisado, M, Penalva Moreno, G, Guisado Gil, A B, Bueno Mariscal, C, Cisneros Herreros, J M, Lepe Jimenez, and J A (2026) Evaluating a single-venipuncture strategy for blood culture collection. Enfermedades Infecciosas Y Microbiologia Clinica 44, 503105 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eimce.2026.503105"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437682,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437695,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975798,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20002967,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437718,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129302783,"Title":"Relevance of routine use of the anaerobic blood culture bottle","ParentTitle":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","ShortTitle":"Grohs (2007)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2007","Month":"","StandardNumber":"0095-1137","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"45","Pages":"2711–5","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med6&DO=10.1128%2fJCM.00059-07","OldItemId":"4564","Abstract":"Using the BacT/Alert automated system, we conducted a 1-year retrospective study on blood cultures, focusing on the relevance of routine use of the anaerobic bottle. The rate of patients with positive blood cultures was 19.7%. Among these, 13.5% had a positive anaerobic bottle in the absence of any aerobic bottle, and 2/3 of these grew with nonobligate anaerobes. These patients were hospitalized in 20 out of 26 wards of the hospital group. For 65.4% of the monomicrobial-positive blood cultures growing Enterobacteriaceae, the anaerobic bottle detected growth earlier than the corresponding aerobic bottle. These data suggest that, in our institution, the use of an anaerobic bottle is still relevant.","Comments":"Grohs, Patrick \r\nMainardi, Jean-Luc \r\nPodglajen, Isabelle \r\nHanras, Xavier \r\nEckert, C \r\nBuu-Hoi, A \r\nVaron, E \r\nGutmann, Laurent\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Grohs P; Mainardi J L; Podglajen I; Hanras X; Eckert C; Buu-Hoi A; Varon E; Gutmann L; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00059-07","Keywords":"*Bacteremia/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Bacteremia/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Bacteria\r\n*Blood/mi [Microbiology]\r\nAerobic/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\nAnaerobic/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\nBacteria\r\nBacteriological Techniques\r\nHospitalization\r\nHumans\r\nIncidence\r\nRetrospective Studies\r\nTime Factors","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Grohs P, Mainardi J L, Podglajen I, Hanras X, Eckert C, Buu-Hoi A, Varon E, and Gutmann L (2007) Relevance of routine use of the anaerobic blood culture bottle. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 45, 2711–5 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00059-07"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437643,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437682,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437697,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437704,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975822,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20090165,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129301310,"Title":"[Role of anaerobic blood culture in the simultaneous blood culture taking for the diagnosis of bacteremia]","ParentTitle":"Revista Medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social","ShortTitle":"Guajardo-Lara (2016)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2016","Month":"","StandardNumber":"2448-5667","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"Guajardo-Lara, Claudia Elena. Laboratorio de Microbiologia Clinica, Hospital San Jose, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. jjag@hotmail.com.","Volume":"54","Pages":"292–6","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med13&AN=27100973","OldItemId":"3089","Abstract":"BACKGROUND: Harboring a high mortality, the incidence of sepsis is increasing; thus detection, identification and susceptibility tests of the involved microorganisms become urgent. METHODS: We reviewed the records from January 2013 until July 2014 of a total of 4110 blood culture bottles taken from adult patients in a private tertiary hospital. RESULTS: Growth of microorganisms was observed in 559 bottles (12.6%). We emphasize that 2648 blood cultures (60%) were taken in two paired aerobic and anaerobic bottles drawn at the same time (1324 pairs); from these, growth was observed in 182 inoculated bottles drawn from two different sites at the same time from 135 patients (13.7%). In 86 pairs of bottles with samples from 54 patients (40%), growth occurred only in the aerobic blood culture bottles. Also, growth of microorganisms was observed only in anaerobic bottles in 24 pairs (13.19%), corresponding to 21 patients (15.5%, p<0.05%). In blood cultures from 32 out of 60 patients with growth in both media (53%), microbial growth was detected first in the anaerobic bottle. CONCLUSIONS: The usefulness of blood cultures for anaerobes for the identification of obligate anaerobic bacteremia which rarely occur is low (2.2% of patients with bacteremia); however, in 15.55% of the patients the risk of completely overlook bacteremia was present, and in 53% of patients with positive cultures, bacteremia was established earlier, and thus permitted earlier and accurate decision making.","Comments":"Spanish\r\nGuajardo-Lara, Claudia Elena\r\nSaldana-Ramirez, Martha Idalia\r\nAyala-Gaytan, Juan Jacobo\r\nValdovinos-Chavez, Salvador Bruno","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Guajardo-Lara C E; Saldana-Ramirez M I; Ayala-Gaytan J J; Valdovinos-Chavez S B; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"","Keywords":"Adult\r\n*Bacteremia/di [Diagnosis]\r\nBacteremia/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Bacteria, Anaerobic/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\n*Blood Culture/mt [Methods]\r\nHumans\r\nRetrospective Studies","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Guajardo-Lara C E, Saldana-Ramirez M I, Ayala-Gaytan J J, and Valdovinos-Chavez S B (2016) [Role of anaerobic blood culture in the simultaneous blood culture taking for the diagnosis of bacteremia]. Revista Medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social 54, 292–6"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958258,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958260,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437670,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437699,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437731,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129298420,"Title":"Restoring the 2-set blood culture practice after the resolution of supply shortage","ParentTitle":"Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology","ShortTitle":"Hanai (2025)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2025","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1559-6834","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"46","Pages":"659–661","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=prem&DO=10.1017%2fice.2025.60","OldItemId":"197","Abstract":"","Comments":"Hanai, Shogo \r\nShintani, Chiyo \r\nHigashimoto, Yuki \r\nUehara, Yuki \r\nDoi, Yohei \r\nHonda, Hitoshi \r\nR01 AI104895\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Hanai S; Shintani C; Higashimoto Y; Uehara Y; Doi Y; Honda H; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2025.60","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Hanai S, Shintani C, Higashimoto Y, Uehara Y, Doi Y, and Honda H (2025) Restoring the 2-set blood culture practice after the resolution of supply shortage. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 46, 659–661 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2025.60"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437684,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437688,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437698,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975798,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437707,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19988858,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129300079,"Title":"Multicenter retrospective cohort study of the clinical significance of Staphylococcus lugdunensis isolated from a single blood culture set","ParentTitle":"Diagnostic Microbiology & Infectious Disease","ShortTitle":"Hauser (2021)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2021","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1879-0070","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"Hauser, Naomi. University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore MD, USA. Electronic address: Naomi.hauser@gmail.com. Kim, Justin J. University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore MD, USA. Luethy, Paul M. University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Baltimore, MD, USA. Schmalzle, Sarah A. Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, MD, USA; University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Baltimore MD, USA. Bork, Jacqueline T. University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Baltimore MD, USA.","Volume":"99","Pages":"115261","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med19&DO=10.1016%2fj.diagmicrobio.2020.115261","OldItemId":"1858","Abstract":"BACKGROUND: Staphylococcus lugdunensis is a coagulase negative Staphylococcus species and frequent human skin commensal with the potential for aggressive infection. Guidance surrounding S. lugdunensis bacteremia (SLB) from a single set of blood cultures is lacking. METHODS: A multicenter, retrospective cohort of patients with SLB from at least one blood culture set within the University of Maryland Medical System from 2015 to 2019 is presented. Objectives are to describe baseline characteristics, compare the clinical status and treatment course, and to evaluate the clinical outcomes among patients with SLB in single versus multiple sets. RESULTS: Thirty-six patients were included, 24 with one set of blood cultures positive for S lugdunensis and 12 with multiple sets. Baseline characteristics were similar between the groups, though patients with SLB in multiple sets were more commonly on hemodialysis (P=0.029). Central lines were the most common source (17%). Most (97%) fulfilled systemic inflammatory response syndrome or Souvenir criteria, had an infectious focus on imaging, or had a second positive culture site. Most (78%) were treated as clinically significant. Patients with multiple positive sets were more commonly treated with antibiotics for >2 weeks (P=0.02). CONCLUSIONS: SLB was rare and occurred more frequently as a single set of positive cultures. Patient characteristics and clinical courses were similar between single and multiple set groups. Given the potential severity of S. lugdunensis bacteremia it seems prudent to treat S. lugdunensis in a single blood culture as true bacteremia, pending larger studies and guidelines. Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","Comments":"Hauser, Naomi\r\nKim, Justin J\r\nLuethy, Paul M\r\nSchmalzle, Sarah A\r\nBork, Jacqueline T\r\nS0732-8893(20)30638-6","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Hauser N; Kim J J; Luethy P M; Schmalzle S A; Bork J T; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115261","Keywords":"Adult\r\nAged\r\nAged, 80 and over\r\n*Bacteremia/mi [Microbiology]\r\nBlood Culture/mt [Methods]\r\nFemale\r\nHumans\r\nMale\r\nMiddle Aged\r\nRetrospective Studies\r\n*Staphylococcal Infections/bl [Blood]\r\n*Staphylococcus lugdunensis/ip [Isolation & Purification]","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Hauser N, Kim J J, Luethy P M, Schmalzle S A, and Bork J T (2021) Multicenter retrospective cohort study of the clinical significance of Staphylococcus lugdunensis isolated from a single blood culture set. Diagnostic Microbiology & Infectious Disease 99, 115261 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115261"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437694,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437753,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":130469516,"Title":"Values of Second and Third Sets of Blood Culture Using the BacT/Alert System","ParentTitle":"The Changhua Journal of Medicine","ShortTitle":"Hsu-Feng (2003)","DateCreated":"10/07/2026","CreatedBy":"David Marshall","DateEdited":"05/08/2026","EditedBy":"David Marshall","Year":"2003","Month":"","StandardNumber":"","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"","Pages":"","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail/16801504-200310-8-4-225-232-a","OldItemId":"264","Abstract":"\"Background and purpose: The value of second and third sets of blood culture for efficient detection of clinically relevant microorganisms was evaluated by an automated culture device: the BacT/Alert system. Methods: From January 2000 to June 2001, a total of 21,112 blood culture vessels from 1,293 patients were processed by the BacT/Alert system. Each patient suspected of septicemia had 20 mL of blood sample collected. These were aliquotted into aerobic and anaerobic culture vessels. All the blood culture sets processed by the BacT/Alert system that yielded positive results were analyzed and the microbe isolates were identified. Results: Fourteen percent (2,959/21,112) of the culture vessels yielded positive results. Among the test positive cultures, 1,381 episodes (2,618 vessels) were further identified. Gram-positive bacilli were suspected in 341 vessels and were not further studied. Among the 1,381 episodes, 779 episodes were diagnosed with one set of blood culture, 446 episodes with two sets and 115 episodes with three or more at intervals. Among the 446 episodes diagnosed with two sets, 50.9% (227/446) were test positive in both sets, while 28.2% (126/446) were positive in the first set and 20.9% (93/446) were positive in the second set of culture. Among the 115 episodes by three sets, the first set was negative in 14.8% (17/115). Conclusion: Our data demonstrate a 10-20% improvement of detection sensitivity when more than one blood specimens requested at intervals by the referring physician with subsequent culturing for detection of clinically relevant microorganisms.\"","Comments":"","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Hsu-Feng Lu; Chi-Ming Liu; Bao-Tyan Wang; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Hsu-Feng Lu, Chi-Ming Liu, and Bao-Tyan Wang (2003) Values of Second and Third Sets of Blood Culture Using the BacT/Alert System. The Changhua Journal of Medicine , "},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958258,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958260,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437670,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437682,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437683,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437684,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437690,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437699,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975798,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437707,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129298722,"Title":"Association Between Blood Culture Bottle Shortage and Ordering Restrictions and Clinical Outcomes for Patients With Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia","ParentTitle":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","ShortTitle":"Humphries (2025)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2025","Month":"","StandardNumber":"2328-8957","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"12","Pages":"ofaf546","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=pmnm10&DO=10.1093%2fofid%2fofaf546","OldItemId":"499","Abstract":"Background: A nationwide shortage of blood culture bottles led to significant restriction of blood culture utilization at our institution. Methods: We evaluated the impact of 3 combined interventions: (1) guidance on appropriate blood culture utilization, (2) restriction of repeat cultures within a 48-hour period, and (3) restriction of initial assessment to a single blood culture set consisting of 1 aerobic and 1 anaerobic blood culture bottle, on the management of patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) using an interrupted time series analysis. Results: Prior to the intervention, 90.1% of patients had 2 blood culture sets ordered for initial assessment, versus 5.7% during the intervention and 84.1% postintervention. The median number of cultures to document SAB clearance was 4 (range, 2-17) in the preintervention period, 2 (range, 2-9) during the intervention period, and 4 (range, 3-11) postintervention. The median number of days to SAB clearance was not significantly different across the study periods, nor were days to central venous catheter placement or days of intravenous S aureus therapy. Fewer patients had documented SAB clearance within 24 hours and median time to diagnosis for community-acquired cases was longer in the intervention period, suggesting the restrictions were not without potential clinical impact. Conclusions: These data demonstrate that efforts to reduce blood culture utilization should be implemented with careful stewardship in order to minimize adverse effects for patients with SAB. Copyright © The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America.","Comments":"Humphries, Romney M \r\nBanerjee, Ritu \r\nDupont, William D \r\nGaston, David \r\nMcKenzie, Nicholas \r\nPetit, Michael \r\nPlummer, W Dale \r\nSemler, Matthew W \r\nTaylor, Caroline \r\nTalbot, Thomas R\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Humphries R M; Banerjee R; Dupont W D; Gaston D; McKenzie N; Petit M; Plummer W D; Semler M W; Taylor C; Talbot T R; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaf546","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Humphries R M, Banerjee R, Dupont W D, Gaston D, McKenzie N, Petit M, Plummer W D, Semler M W, Taylor C, and Talbot T R (2025) Association Between Blood Culture Bottle Shortage and Ordering Restrictions and Clinical Outcomes for Patients With Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia. Open Forum Infectious Diseases 12, ofaf546 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaf546"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958260,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437670,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437699,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437731,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129298599,"Title":"Impact of BD BACTEC blood culture bottle shortage on performance metrics: An interrupted time-series analysis at a Japanese university-affiliated hospital","ParentTitle":"Journal of Infection & Chemotherapy","ShortTitle":"Itoh (2025)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2025","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1437-7780","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"Itoh, Naoya. Department of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Aichi, Japan; Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Aichi, Japan; Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagoya City University East Medical Center, Aichi, Japan. Electronic address: itohnaoya0925@ybb.ne.jp. Akazawa-Kai, Nana. Department of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Aichi, Japan; Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagoya City University East Medical Center, Aichi, Japan. Okumura, Nobumasa. Department of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Aichi, Japan; Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagoya City University East Medical Center, Aichi, Japan. Kuriki, Shunsuke. Department of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Aichi, Japan. Wachino, Chiharu. Department of Clinical ","Volume":"31","Pages":"102664","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med27&DO=10.1016%2fj.jiac.2025.102664","OldItemId":"376","Abstract":"BACKGROUND: In 2024, a global shortage of BD BACTEC blood culture bottles disrupted clinical practices worldwide. This study assessed the impact of the shortage on blood culture performance metrics and evaluated the effectiveness of management strategies implemented at a Japanese university-affiliated hospital. METHODS: This single-center, retrospective observational study was conducted between June 29, 2024, and September 25, 2024, and analyzed two phases: the pre-shortage period and the shortage period. During the shortage, clinicians were instructed to collect only one blood culture set per patient, with exceptions allowed for specific conditions. Interrupted time-series analysis was performed to examine changes in blood culture performance indicators. RESULTS: A total of 4490 blood cultures were collected during the study period. The proportion of cases with two or more sets collected and the contamination rate of blood cultures significantly decreased during the shortage period. Additionally, the positivity rate of blood cultures also significantly declined compared to the pre-shortage period. Candida species were isolated more frequently during the shortage period, while no significant changes were observed for other organisms. CONCLUSIONS: The adoption of simplified instructions enabled a rapid transition to single-set blood culture collection during the supply shortage. However, this approach reduced the blood culture positivity rate and hindered contamination rate assessment. These findings highlight the critical need for a stable supply of blood culture bottles and the importance of continued education on optimal blood culture collection practices. Copyright © 2025 Japanese Society of Chemotherapy, Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases, and Japanese Society for Infection Prevention and Control. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","Comments":"Itoh, Naoya\r\nAkazawa-Kai, Nana\r\nOkumura, Nobumasa\r\nKuriki, Shunsuke\r\nWachino, Chiharu\r\nKawabata, Takanori\r\nErratum in (EIN)\r\nS1341-321X(25)00061-3","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Itoh N; Akazawa-Kai N; Okumura N; Kuriki S; Wachino C; Kawabata T; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102664","Keywords":"Humans\r\n*Blood Culture/is [Instrumentation]\r\n*Blood Culture/mt [Methods]\r\n*Blood Culture/st [Standards]\r\nCandida/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\nHospitals, University\r\nInterrupted Time Series Analysis\r\nJapan\r\nRetrospective Studies","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Itoh N, Akazawa-Kai N, Okumura N, Kuriki S, Wachino C, and Kawabata T (2025) Impact of BD BACTEC blood culture bottle shortage on performance metrics: An interrupted time-series analysis at a Japanese university-affiliated hospital. Journal of Infection & Chemotherapy 31, 102664 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102664"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437683,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437695,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437731,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129302648,"Title":"Is anaerobic blood culture necessary? If so, who needs it?","ParentTitle":"American Journal of the Medical Sciences","ShortTitle":"Iwata (2008)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2008","Month":"","StandardNumber":"0002-9629","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"Iwata, Kentaro. Division of Infectious Diseases Therapeutics, Kobe University School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan. kentaroiwata1969@mac.com","Volume":"336","Pages":"58–63","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med7&DO=10.1097%2fMAJ.0b013e31815dca24","OldItemId":"4429","Abstract":"BACKGROUND: The role of anaerobic blood cultures is not validated, although they are drawn routinely. METHODS: We performed a retrospective chart review at a private hospital in Japan for patients admitted between July 1, 2004 to June 30, 2005 to determine patient characteristics resulting in anaerobic blood culture. RESULTS: During the study period, 17,775 blood culture bottles were sent for the analysis, and 2132 bottles (12.0%) were positive for microbial growth. Bacteria were grown from 958 anaerobic bottles (44.7%), and 719 (33.7%) of those were judged to represent real infections, which accounted for 410 cases of bacteremia. Only 47 cases (11.5%) were detected by anaerobic cultures alone. Among those 47, obligate anaerobes represented 12 cases. Clinical evaluation could have predicted 7 of 12 cases of obligate anaerobic bacteremia. In the remaining 5 cases, the source of bacteremia was unclear. There were 2.7 cases of anaerobic bacteremia per 1000 blood cultures. The mortality attributable to anaerobic bacteremia was 50%. Among bacteremic cases not caused by obligate anaerobes yet diagnosed solely by anaerobic bottles, either the standard 2 sets of blood were not taken or their clinical outcomes were favorable. CONCLUSION: Anaerobic blood culture can be avoided in most cases. Anaerobic blood culture may be most helpful when (1) bacteremia because of obligate anaerobes is clinically suspected, (2) patients are severely immunocompromised, and (3) source of bacteremia is not identified by clinical evaluation.","Comments":"Iwata, Kentaro\r\nTakahashi, Miwa","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Iwata K; Takahashi M; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e31815dca24","Keywords":"Adolescent\r\nAdult\r\nAged\r\nAged, 80 and over\r\n*Bacteremia/mi [Microbiology]\r\nBacteria, Anaerobic/cl [Classification]\r\n*Bacteria, Anaerobic/gd [Growth & Development]\r\nChild\r\nChild, Preschool\r\nHumans\r\nInfant\r\nInfant, Newborn\r\nMedical Audit\r\nMiddle Aged\r\nRetrospective Studies","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Iwata K, and Takahashi M (2008) Is anaerobic blood culture necessary? If so, who needs it?. American Journal of the Medical Sciences 336, 58–63 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e31815dca24"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958255,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437688,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437697,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437704,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437732,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975798,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":130469449,"Title":"Usefulness of routine pairing of anaerobic with aerobic blood culture bottles and decision making on antimicrobial therapy","ParentTitle":"The International Arabic Journal of Antimicrobial Agents","ShortTitle":"J (2015)","DateCreated":"10/07/2026","CreatedBy":"David Marshall","DateEdited":"10/07/2026","EditedBy":"David Marshall","Year":"2015","Month":"","StandardNumber":"","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"","Pages":"","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"","OldItemId":"197","Abstract":"\"ObjectivesTo evaluate the growth concordance in paired aerobic/anaerobic sets, and the impact of the anaerobic growth on patients' antimicrobial management.MethodThis is a prospective multicenter study which was conducted in three hospitals, with total beds of 750 beds and 52 ICU beds. Prospectively, laboratory blood cultures logbooks were daily reviewed and patients from whom blood cultures were ordered were followed, their chart were reviewed. Entries on antimicrobial therapeutic changes were noted for all paired sets. Clinicians were blinded to the study, though they were informed about culture results via the usual work protocol in each hospital.ResultsCollected Blood culture sets totaled 2492; 172 single sets were excluded, and 1160 paired sets were analyzed. 1046 were concordant; 79 sets had bacterial growth and 967 sets had no bacterial growth. 114 sets were discordant; 97 in aerobic bottles, 13 in anaerobic, and 4 in both.The proportion of agreement for the concordant paired growth sets was 90.2%. The composite proportion of agreement for sets with any growth (N = 193, composite proportion of agreement = 56%, 95% C.I., 34% - 48%). Cohen kappa composite agreement, measured for the total analyzed paired-sets (N = 1160, K = .52, SE = .038. 95% C.I., .447 - .595). The odds of modifying antimicrobial regimen were for total and subgroups intent to treat odds, based on paired sets showed that one modification took place in one anaerobic growth set (N = 1160, Odds = 0.0008), the odds for all sets with any growth (N = 193, odds = .005), and based on any anaerobic sets (79 concordant, 13 anaerobic, and 4 discordant) with bacterial growth (N = 96: odds = 0.010).ConclusionThe study demonstrates that the proportion of agreement among paired sets were high, and needless to include anaerobic sets in routine blood culture collection. Also the decision-making of anti-infective treatment on patients based on anaerobic blood culture growth was not evident.\"","Comments":"","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"J W A. Ramahi; Lamya Abu Shanab; Abdelbadee Yacoub; A Diab; D Momani; Fawzi Hleil; Haifa Petro; Husam Farraj; Ghassan Wadi; Naheel Halloub; S Abdulhadi; W Issa; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3823/767","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"J W A. Ramahi, Lamya Abu Shanab, Abdelbadee Yacoub, A Diab, D Momani, Fawzi Hleil, Haifa Petro, Husam Farraj, Ghassan Wadi, Naheel Halloub, S Abdulhadi, and W Issa (2015) Usefulness of routine pairing of anaerobic with aerobic blood culture bottles and decision making on antimicrobial therapy. The International Arabic Journal of Antimicrobial Agents ,  DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3823/767"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437694,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437706,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129303530,"Title":"Clinical value of anaerobic blood culture: a retrospective analysis of positive patient episodes","ParentTitle":"Journal of Clinical Pathology","ShortTitle":"James (2000)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2000","Month":"","StandardNumber":"0021-9746","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"53","Pages":"231–3","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med4&DO=10.1136%2fjcp.53.3.231","OldItemId":"5312","Abstract":"AIM: To investigate the clinical value of anaerobic blood culture. METHODS: Blood culture bottles (n = 25,185) submitted for culture over a two year period were reviewed. RESULTS: The bottles yielded 1992 positive patient episodes, a positive rate of 14.4/1000 hospital admissions. Significantly more isolations were obtained from aerobic than from anaerobic bottles. Twelve of the 38 anaerobic episodes were detected in aerobic bottles. Clinical management was influenced in one of 24 patients whose cultures yielded anaerobes from anaerobic bottles only. For a further six patients it was unlikely that the result had any effect on clinical management. CONCLUSIONS: If aerobic bottles were substituted for the anaerobic bottles, detection of positive patient episodes would increase by at least 6%. A higher yield would be achieved by using two aerobic bottles for routine culture and using anaerobic bottles only for patients where anaerobic culture may influence clinical management.","Comments":"James, P A \r\nal-Shafi, K M\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"James P A; al-Shafi K M; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jcp.53.3.231","Keywords":"*Bacteria\r\n*Blood/mi [Microbiology]\r\nAerobic/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\nAnaerobic/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\nHumans\r\nRetrospective Studies","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"James P A, and al-Shafi K M (2000) Clinical value of anaerobic blood culture: a retrospective analysis of positive patient episodes. Journal of Clinical Pathology 53, 231–3 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jcp.53.3.231"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437682,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437695,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437704,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437736,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129302749,"Title":"Evaluation of the routine use of the anaerobic bottle when using the BACTEC blood culture system","ParentTitle":"Journal of Microbiology, Immunology & Infection","ShortTitle":"Karunakaran (2007)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2007","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1684-1182","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"Karunakaran, Rina. Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. rinakarunakaran@yahoo.com","Volume":"40","Pages":"445–9","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med6&AN=17932606","OldItemId":"4530","Abstract":"The established practice of sending blood cultures in an aerobic-anaerobic pair of bottles has been questioned in recent years, and this study was conducted to evaluate the routine use of an anaerobic bottle in the BACTEC blood culture set at the University of Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, from January to December 2004. A total of 11,663 paired blood culture sets were received, of which 3326 were from pediatric patients and 8337 were from adult patients. The overall positive isolation rate was 15%; the positive isolation rate on excluding the anaerobic bottles was 13%. Overall, there were significantly more organisms isolated from the aerobic bottle (p<0.05); however, the best yield was obtained on using the paired aerobic-anaerobic bottles. Among the positive blood culture sets, organisms were isolated from the anaerobic bottle alone in 15.2% of the pediatric sets and in 18.1% of the adult sets. Organisms that grew more frequently in the anaerobic bottle were anaerobes and some facultative anaerobes; however, the difference was not statistically significant except for anaerobes in the adult sets. We recommend that when culturing blood, an aerobic-anaerobic pair of bottles be used rather than an aerobic-aerobic pair, to optimize the recovery of a wider spectrum of organisms, including obligatory anaerobes.","Comments":"Karunakaran, Rina\r\nRaja, Nadeem Sajjad\r\nQuek, Kia Fatt\r\nHoe, Victor C W\r\nNavaratnam, Parasakthi","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Karunakaran R; Raja N S; Quek K F; Hoe V C; Navaratnam P; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"","Keywords":"Academic Medical Centers\r\nAdult\r\n*Bacteria, Anaerobic/gd [Growth & Development]\r\n*Bacterial Infections/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Bacteriological Techniques/mt [Methods]\r\n*Blood/mi [Microbiology]\r\nHumans\r\nMalaysia","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Karunakaran R, Raja N S, Quek K F, Hoe V C, and Navaratnam P (2007) Evaluation of the routine use of the anaerobic bottle when using the BACTEC blood culture system. Journal of Microbiology, and Immunology & Infection 40, 445–9"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437682,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437694,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437708,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129303441,"Title":"Anaerobic bottles are still important in blood culture sets","ParentTitle":"European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases","ShortTitle":"Khanna (2001)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2001","Month":"","StandardNumber":"0934-9723","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"20","Pages":"217–9","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med4&DO=10.1007%2fs100960100459","OldItemId":"5223","Abstract":"","Comments":"Khanna, P \r\nCollignon, P\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Khanna P; Collignon P; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100960100459","Keywords":"*Bacteremia/di [Diagnosis]\r\nAnaerobiosis\r\nHumans","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Khanna P, and Collignon P (2001) Anaerobic bottles are still important in blood culture sets. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 20, 217–9 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100960100459"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437688,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437696,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20002967,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437707,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129301539,"Title":"Blood culture series benefit may be limited to selected clinical conditions: time to reassess","ParentTitle":"Clinical Microbiology & Infection","ShortTitle":"Khatib (2015)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2015","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1469-0691","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"21","Pages":"332–6","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med12&DO=10.1016%2fj.cmi.2014.11.019","OldItemId":"3318","Abstract":"Blood cultures are often submitted as series (two to three sets per 24 hours) to maximize sample recovery. We assessed the actual benefit of additional sets. Blood cultures submitted from adults (>= 18 years old) over 1 year (1 February 2012 to 31 January 2013) were examined. The medical records of patients with positive cultures were reviewed. Cultures with commensal organisms were considered contamination in the absence of a source and clinical findings. The impact of additional sets on antibiotic therapy was estimated. We evaluated 15,394 blood cultures. They were submitted as two to five sets per 24 hours in 12,236 (79.5%) instances. Pathogens were detected in 1227 sets, representing 741 bacteremias, of which 618 (83.4%) were detected in the first set and 123 (16.6%) in the additional sets. Pathogens missed in the first set were recovered from patients receiving antibiotics (n = 72; 58.5%) and after undergoing a procedure (n = 54; 43.9%). The additional sets' results could have influenced antibiotic therapy in 76/6235 (1.2%) instances, including 40 (0.6%) antibiotic switches and 36 (0.6%) possible extensions of therapy. The potential impact of the detection of missed pathogens on antibiotic therapy was not apparent in patients who had an endovascular infection (26/27, 96.3%) and those who lacked an obvious source of pathogens (10/10, 100%). These findings suggest that one blood culture is probably adequate in patients with an obvious source of pathogens. Blood culture series are beneficial in patients without an obvious source of pathogens and in those with endovascular infections. It is time to reassess the benefit of blood culture series, perhaps limiting them to selected conditions. Copyright © 2014 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","Comments":"Khatib, R \r\nSimeunovic, G \r\nSharma, M \r\nFakih, M G \r\nJohnson, L B \r\nBriski, L \r\nLebar, W \r\nS1198-743X(14)00105-0\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Khatib R; Simeunovic G; Sharma M; Fakih M G; Johnson L B; Briski L; Lebar W; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2014.11.019","Keywords":"*Blood/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Microbiological Techniques/mt [Methods]\r\n*Sepsis/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Specimen Handling/mt [Methods]\r\n80 and over\r\nAdolescent\r\nAdult\r\nAged\r\nFemale\r\nHumans\r\nMale\r\nMiddle Aged\r\nRetrospective Studies\r\nSensitivity and Specificity\r\nYoung Adult","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Khatib R, Simeunovic G, Sharma M, Fakih M G, Johnson L B, Briski L, and Lebar W (2015) Blood culture series benefit may be limited to selected clinical conditions: time to reassess. Clinical Microbiology & Infection 21, 332–6 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2014.11.019"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437642,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975798,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437696,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958255,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975787,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437748,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129309422,"Title":"Performance analysis of blood culture and frequency of medically important bacteria in 9 university hospitals in Korea","ParentTitle":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","ShortTitle":"Kim (2011)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2011","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1198-743X","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"(Kim, Shin, Lee, Kim, Kim) SeoulSouth Korea S. Kim, SeoulSouth Korea","Volume":"4)","Pages":"S466–S467","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=emed12&DO=10.1111%2fj.1469-0691.2011.03558.x<3477>","OldItemId":"20858","Abstract":"Background: Optimal blood culture performance is critical for successful diagnosis and treatment of sepsis. To understand the status of blood culture, we investigated several issues regarding the procedure at nine university hospitals. Method(s): Ordering blood culture sets and sampling volume for adults and children were investigated in Jan. through Apr. 2010, while positive rate and growth of skin contaminants were compared in 2009. Microbial growth in aerobic and anaerobic bottle was investigated prospectively. The frequency of common pathogens was analyzed. Result(s): Most of the hospitals used two sets of bottles in adults and one bottle in children. The average blood volume of each set was 7.7mL in adults and 2.1mL in children. The positive rate of microorganisms was 8.0%. The isolation rate of skin normal flora was 2.1%. Bacterial growth rates only in aerobic and in anaerobic bottles were 31.8% and 24.5% respectively. Among about 40,000 microorganisms grown in 2009, the frequency of S. aureus, E. faecium and CNS among G(+) cocci were 11.7%, 3.4%, and 23.6% respectively. Among G(-) bacilli, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, and A. baumannii were isolated in 13.5%, 6.5%, 2.6%, and 2.6% respectively. The isolation rate of C. albicans was 2.3%, followed by C. parapsilosis (1.7%), and C. tropicalis (1.3%). Conclusion(s): Ordering of blood culture sets and sampling volume did not comply with the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. However, the rate of positive cultures and skin contamination rate were acceptable. The anaerobic bottle was useful to enhance the yield of microorganisms.","Comments":"21st ECCMID/27th ICC. Milan Italy. 17(SUPPL","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Kim S; Shin J; Lee N Y; Kim E; Kim M N; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03558.x","Keywords":"blood culture\r\nKorea\r\nuniversity hospital\r\nbacterium\r\nskin\r\nchild\r\nhuman\r\nadult\r\nmicroorganism\r\nsampling\r\nsepsis\r\nmicrobial growth\r\npathogenesis\r\nhospital\r\nflora\r\nbacterial growth\r\ngrowth rate\r\nBacilli\r\nEscherichia coli\r\nKlebsiella pneumoniae\r\nblood volume\r\nPseudomonas aeruginosa\r\nCandida albicans\r\nclinical laboratory\r\ncontamination\r\ndiagnosis\r\ncentral nervous system","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Kim S, Shin J, Lee N Y, Kim E, and Kim M N (2011) Performance analysis of blood culture and frequency of medically important bacteria in 9 university hospitals in Korea. Clinical Microbiology and Infection 4), S466–S467 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03558.x"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437643,"AdditionalText":"Translated with Chatgpt and gemini for cross-checking","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437696,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975822,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437731,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129302375,"Title":"[The number of blood culture bottle sets and the clinical significance of Staphylococcus spp. isolated from the blood culture]","ParentTitle":"Rinsho Byori - Japanese Journal of Clinical Pathology","ShortTitle":"Kondo (2010)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2010","Month":"","StandardNumber":"0047-1860","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"Kondo, Shigemi. Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan. storia@juntendo.ac.jp","Volume":"58","Pages":"437–41","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med8&AN=20560452","OldItemId":"4155","Abstract":"PURPOSE: We investigated the numbers of blood culture and percentage for 2 or more sets in last 3 years, and analyzed the positive blood culture rates based on culture set drawing in 2007. It is considered indispensable to collect two or more sets of blood culture in order to raise positive rates and discrimination ability. However, the papers which studied discrimination ability are rare; we investigated the relation of number of sets and discrimination ability in the case of Staphylococcus spp. isolated from the blood culture bottle. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this examination, cases which performed intravascular catheter tip cultivation simultaneously were removed. In Juntendo University Hospital, 124 Staphylococcus spp. isolated from blood culture in 2007 from January to December were examined. All isolates were categorized as true-positives, contaminants, or indeterminate. The categorical decision was made by following factors taken into account: clinical course, physical findings, laboratory data and imaging results. Two or more Infection Control Doctors (ICDs) independently judged the results, and finally, in the weekly ICD round conclusions were determined. RESULTS: In 2007, 3,674 blood-culture specimens were collected. The objects of isolated bacteria were 14.8% of Staphylococcus aureus, and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) 24.7%. With S. aureus, indeterminate cases decreased from 18.9% for one-set to 4.8% for two-sets (p = 0.24). In the case of CNS, indeterminate cases decreased from 34% for one-set to 7.7% for two-sets (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: By performing two-set collection, indeterminate cases showed a significant reduction. In particular, S. aureus is a bacterium which often causes blood stream infection. In one-set drawing out, since there are 18.9% of indeterminate cases, there would be a risk of the delay of clinical judgment.","Comments":"Japanese\r\nKondo, Shigemi\r\nMisawa, Shigeki\r\nOguri, Toyoko\r\nYamada, Toshihiko\r\nOhsaka, Akimichi\r\nMiida, Takashi","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Kondo S; Misawa S; Oguri T; Yamada T; Ohsaka A; Miida T; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"","Keywords":"*Bacteriological Techniques/mt [Methods]\r\n*Blood/mi [Microbiology]\r\nHumans\r\nSensitivity and Specificity\r\n*Specimen Handling/mt [Methods]\r\nStaphylococcal Infections/di [Diagnosis]\r\nStaphylococcal Infections/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Staphylococcus/ip [Isolation & Purification]","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Kondo S, Misawa S, Oguri T, Yamada T, Ohsaka A, and Miida T (2010) [The number of blood culture bottle sets and the clinical significance of Staphylococcus spp. isolated from the blood culture]. Rinsho Byori - Japanese Journal of Clinical Pathology 58, 437–41"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437642,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958255,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958260,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437670,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437683,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437684,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437690,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437699,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975798,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437707,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129306156,"Title":"Quality Improvement Initiative to Safely Reduce Follow-up Blood Cultures through Diagnostic Stewardship During a National Blood Culture Bottle Shortage","ParentTitle":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","ShortTitle":"Kubiak (2026)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2026","Month":"","StandardNumber":"2328-8957","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"(Kubiak, Semple) Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, United States (Ross, Norris, Gonsalves, Liu, Goss) NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, United States (Wang) NYP, New York, NY, United States (Wulff) New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, United States (Kuang) New York Presbyterian, Hoboken, NJ, United States (Marino, Simon, Westblade, Singh) Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States (Acker) Weill Cornell Medicine/New-York Presbyterian, New York, NY, United States (Horowitz) New York Presbyterian-Brooklyn Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn, NY, United States (Wang, Berry, Stone, Furuya) Columbia University, Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States (Green) Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States J. Kubiak, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, United States","Volume":"13(Supplement 1)","Pages":"S1237","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=emed28&DO=10.1093%2fofid%2fofaf695.2190<92>","OldItemId":"17592","Abstract":"Background. Blood cultures (BC) are a critical resource to diagnose bloodstream infections. However, over-ordering may lead to antibiotic overuse and increased hospital cost, length of stay, and contamination rates. A national blood culture bottle shortage prompted diagnostic stewardship of follow-up blood cultures (FUBC) in patients monitored for clearance of a prior positive BC, or with new/worsening symptoms after initial negative BC. We aimed to reduce the use of paired-set FUBC and increase single-set FUBC. Methods. This study was performed from 2/18/2024 to 11/23/2024 at a network of 8 academic and community hospitals in New York. Prior to stewardship interventions, clinicians were free to order any number of FUBC at a time. In August 2024 we implemented a series of iterative PDSA (PlanDoStudyAct) cycles to guide clinicians toward appropriate ordering of FUBC including educational memos, limiting the ability to order more than one BC at a time, an electronic best practice advisory to limit BC orders with a prior negative within 72 hours, and a new order panel for BC that defaulted FUBC to a single set. Our goal was a >10% reduction in paired FUBC. QI methodology assessed special cause, descriptive statistics were used to compare preand post-intervention characteristics and balancing measures, and data were analyzed using R software. Results. Over the study period 168,779 BC were ordered, of which 11% were from community hospitals. Demographic characteristics were similar before and after intervention. Prior to our QI project, 29% of BC were FUBC, of which 59% were paired sets. After the series of PDSA cycles there was a 39% increase in single FUBC, a 36% reduction in paired FUBC, and an overall 3.3% reduction in total blood culture bottle use (p = 0.002). There were no differences in the length of stay, inhospital mortality, or 30-day readmission. Reduced paired FUBC usage was also seen in S. aureus bacteremia (44%) and candidemia (45%) (p < 0.001). Conclusion. We exceeded our goal of reducing paired FUBC through targeted clinical decision support while successfully increasing single-set FUBC. Outside of a blood culture bottle shortage, future iterative changes are needed to support the use of FUBC in S. aureus bacteremia and candidemia.","Comments":"Annual Meeting of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, ID Week 2025. Atlanta, GA United States","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Kubiak J; Ross B; Wang S; Wulff R; Kuang D; Norris A; Gonsalves T; Semple S; Marino J; Acker K P; Horowitz H; Wang T; Green D A; Berry G; Stone E; Liu D; Goss C; Simon M; Westblade L; Furuya Y; Singh H K; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaf695.2190","Keywords":"adult\r\nbacteremia\r\nbest practice\r\nblood culture\r\nbloodstream infection\r\ncandidemia\r\nclinical decision support system\r\ncommunity hospital\r\nconference abstract\r\ncontrolled study\r\ndiagnosis\r\ndrug therapy\r\nfemale\r\nfollow up\r\nhospital cost\r\nhospital readmission\r\nhuman\r\nlength of stay\r\nmajor clinical study\r\nmale\r\nNew York\r\ntherapy\r\ntotal quality management\r\nantibiotic agent","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Kubiak J, Ross B, Wang S, Wulff R, Kuang D, Norris A, Gonsalves T, Semple S, Marino J, Acker K P, Horowitz H, Wang T, Green D A, Berry G, Stone E, Liu D, Goss C, Simon M, Westblade L, Furuya Y, and Singh H K (2026) Quality Improvement Initiative to Safely Reduce Follow-up Blood Cultures through Diagnostic Stewardship During a National Blood Culture Bottle Shortage. Open Forum Infectious Diseases 13(Supplement 1), S1237 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaf695.2190"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437643,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958260,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958255,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437696,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975822,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437731,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129302003,"Title":"[Routine written intervention asserting the advantages of multiple blood cultures increases their order rate among doctors]","ParentTitle":"Rinsho Byori - Japanese Journal of Clinical Pathology","ShortTitle":"Kujime (2012)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2012","Month":"","StandardNumber":"0047-1860","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"Kujime, Kosei. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tokyo Teishin Hospital, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8798, Japan. pater@msd.biglobe.ne.jp","Volume":"60","Pages":"1126–30","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med9&AN=23427693","OldItemId":"3782","Abstract":"PURPOSE: Obtaining two or more blood culture sets is important for achieving good sensitivity and for detecting contamination. However, many doctors still only order one set for their laboratory testing. We wished to determine if routine written intervention to these doctors could increase the number of multiple blood cultures they ordered. MATERIALS AND METHODS: On November 11, 2011 at Tokyo Teishin Hospital, we began sending letters asserting the advantages of using multiple blood culture sets to doctors who only ordered solitary blood cultures. The effect of the intervention was determined by measuring the order rate of multiple blood culture sets at the hospital. We compared the order rate one year before intervention with that of one year after. We used a chi-square test (without Yates correction) to analyze the data, and p values less than 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant; all tests were two-tailed. RESULTS: Before written intervention, the order rate of multiple blood cultures was 41%. This increased significantly to 68% after intervention (p < 0.001). The latter figure was 1.7 times greater than the former (relative risk, 1.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.5-1.8). CONCLUSION: Routine written educational intervention asserting the advantage of multiple blood cultures led to an increase in their order rate by doctors. While this is a significant increase, it is still insufficient. Therefore, we propose the need for internal policies requiring at least two blood culture sets to ensure better sensitivity and detection of contamination. To enforce these policies, hospital personnel should be allowed to routinely intervene by either sending warning letters to the doctors or displaying this information on the patient's electronic chart.","Comments":"Japanese\r\nKujime, Kosei\r\nNakai, Tatsurou\r\nIgarashi, Kazue\r\nKobayashi, Teruaki\r\nItoyama, Satoru\r\nHashimoto, Naoaki","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Kujime K; Nakai T; Igarashi K; Kobayashi T; Itoyama S; Hashimoto N; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"","Keywords":"*Bacteriological Techniques/mt [Methods]\r\n*Bacteriological Techniques/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data]\r\n*Blood/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Equipment Contamination/pc [Prevention & Control]\r\nHumans\r\n*Practice Patterns, Physicians'/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data]\r\n*Specimen Handling/mt [Methods]\r\n*Specimen Handling/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data]","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Kujime K, Nakai T, Igarashi K, Kobayashi T, Itoyama S, and Hashimoto N (2012) [Routine written intervention asserting the advantages of multiple blood cultures increases their order rate among doctors]. Rinsho Byori - Japanese Journal of Clinical Pathology 60, 1126–30"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958260,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437670,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437683,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437684,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437688,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437699,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975798,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437707,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129303619,"Title":"Single-Set Blood Culture Restriction During the 2024 National Blood Culture Bottle Shortage: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis of Patient Outcomes","ParentTitle":"medRxiv.","ShortTitle":"Ladines-Lim (2025)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2025","Month":"","StandardNumber":"","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"25","Pages":"","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://www.medrxiv.org/ https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=empp&DO=10.1101%2f2025.09.24.25335834<150>","OldItemId":"5486","Abstract":"Importance: The 2024 national blood culture bottle shortage led some hospitals to adopt single-set blood culture restrictions, conflicting with professional society guidance for 2-3 sets and risking underdiagnosis. Patient outcomes are not well studied. Objective(s): To evaluate the impact of single-set blood culture restriction on patient outcomes, culture use, and antimicrobial therapy. Design, Setting, and Participant(s): Interrupted time series analysis of 147,214 hospitalizations (36,909 with >=1 blood culture) across 3 tertiary hospitals in an urban academic center, June 26, 2023-June 25, 2025. Periods were categorized as pre-restriction, restriction, and post-restriction. Analyses were conducted overall, among hospitalizations with >=1 blood culture set (>=1-BC hospitalizations), and by hospital. Exposure: Strict electronic health record order restriction limiting to 1 blood culture set per patient every 24 hours (June 26-December 23, 2024). Main Outcomes and Measures: Primary outcomes included in-hospital mortality or hospice discharge, 30-day revisits, and length of stay (LOS). Secondary outcomes included blood culture metrics (positivity, number, timing, proportion with >=1 culture) and receipt and days of antimicrobials. Odds or incidence rate ratios were reported. Result(s): Among all hospitalizations, in-hospital mortality/hospice discharge declined pre-restriction (-1.3%/week, P<.001), plateaued during restriction (+0.6%/week, P=.33), and resumed decline post-restriction (-2.8%/week, P<.001). Among >=1-BC hospitalizations, trends were similar, with additional 37.6% increase upon restriction onset (P=.005); LOS increased 14.9% upon restriction onset (P<.001) then decreased post-restriction (-0.9%/week, P<.001). 30-day revisits were unchanged. Overall culture positivity increased 37.8% upon restriction onset (P<.001) and decreased 27.1% upon restriction withdrawal (P<.001). The proportion of hospitalizations with >=1 culture decreased 37.7% among all hospitalizations (P<.001) and mean number of cultures per hospitalization decreased 49.2% among >=1-BC hospitalizations (P<.001) upon restriction onset, both partially rebounding afterward. Among >=1-BC hospitalizations, time from admission to first culture collection and antimicrobial administration increased 72.2% (P<.001) and 21.5% (P=.001), respectively, upon restriction onset; antimicrobial use increased 24.9% upon restriction onset (P=.02) and decreased 14.7% upon post-restriction onset (P=.19). Conclusions and Relevance: Single-set blood culture restriction was associated with decreased and delayed testing, delayed antimicrobial start, and increased in-hospital mortality/hospice discharge. Findings underscore the need for optimal diagnostic stewardship practices and supply-chain resiliency for critical diagnostic supplies.Copyright The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY 4.0 International license.","Comments":"Using Smart Source Parsing \r\nDate of Publication: Sep 2025\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Ladines-Lim J B; Van B; Cressman L; Bilker W B; Rodino K; Glaser L; Degnan K O; David M Z; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2025.09.24.25335834","Keywords":"adult\r\naged\r\nantimicrobial activity\r\nantimicrobial therapy\r\nbenchmarking\r\nblood culture\r\ncohort analysis\r\ndiagnosis\r\ndrug therapy\r\nelectronic health record\r\nepidemiology\r\nfemale\r\nhospice\r\nhospitalization\r\nhuman\r\nhuman cell\r\nincidence\r\nlength of stay\r\nmajor clinical study\r\nmale\r\nobservational study\r\npreprint\r\nspecial situation for pharmacovigilance\r\ntertiary care center\r\ntreatment outcome\r\nunderdiagnosis","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Ladines-Lim J B, Van B, Cressman L, Bilker W B, Rodino K, Glaser L, Degnan K O, and David M Z (2025) Single-Set Blood Culture Restriction During the 2024 National Blood Culture Bottle Shortage: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis of Patient Outcomes. medRxiv. 25,  DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2025.09.24.25335834"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437683,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437688,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437698,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437718,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20002967,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129300374,"Title":"Utility of anaerobic bottles for the diagnosis of bloodstream infections","ParentTitle":"BMC Infectious Diseases","ShortTitle":"Lafaurie (2020)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2020","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1471-2334","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"20","Pages":"142","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med17&DO=10.1186%2fs12879-020-4854-x","OldItemId":"2153","Abstract":"BACKGROUND: Obligate anaerobes usually account for less than 10% of bacteria recovered from blood cultures (BC). The relevance of routine use of the anaerobic bottle is under debate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of anaerobic bottles for the diagnosis of bloodstream infections (BSI). METHODS: We conducted a 6-month, retrospective, monocentric study in a tertiary hospital. All positive BC were grouped into a single episode of bacteremia when drawn within 7 consecutive days. Bacteremia were classified into contaminants and BSI. Charts of patients with BSI due to obligate anaerobes were studied. RESULTS: A total of 19,739 blood cultures were collected, 2341 of which (11.9%) were positive. Anaerobic bottles were positive in 1528 (65.3%) of all positive BC but were positive alone (aerobic bottles negative) in 369 (15.8%). Overall 1081 episodes of bacteremia were identified, of which 209 (19.3%) had positive anaerobic bottles alone. The majority 126/209 (60.3%) were contaminants and 83 (39.7%) were BSI. BSI due to facultative anaerobes, obligate aerobes and obligate anaerobes were identified in 67 (80.7%), 3 (3.6%) and 13 (15.7%) of these 83 episodes, respectively. BSI due to obligate anaerobic bacteria were reported in 9 patients with gastro-intestinal disease, in 3 with febrile neutropenia and in 1 burned patient. CONCLUSIONS: Anaerobic bottles contributed to the diagnosis of a significant number of episodes of bacteremia. Isolated bacteria were mostly contaminants and non-obligate anaerobic pathogens. Rare BSI due to obligate anaerobes were reported mainly in patients with gastro-intestinal disorders and during febrile neutropenia.","Comments":"Lafaurie, M \r\nd'Anglejan, E \r\nDonay, J L \r\nGlotz, D \r\nSarfati, E \r\nMimoun, M \r\nLegrand, M \r\nOksenhendler, E \r\nBagot, M \r\nValade, S \r\nBercot, B \r\nMolina, J M\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Lafaurie M; d'Anglejan E; Donay J L; Glotz D; Sarfati E; Mimoun M; Legrand M; Oksenhendler E; Bagot M; Valade S; Bercot B; Molina J M; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-020-4854-x","Keywords":"*Bacteremia/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Bacteria\r\n*Blood Culture/is [Instrumentation]\r\n0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents)\r\n80 and over\r\nAdult\r\nAerobic/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\nAerobic/py [Pathogenicity]\r\nAged\r\nAnaerobic/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\nAnaerobic/py [Pathogenicity]\r\nAnti-Bacterial Agents/tu [Therapeutic Use]\r\nBacteremia/dt [Drug Therapy]\r\nBacteremia/et [Etiology]\r\nBacteria\r\nBlood Culture/mt [Methods]\r\nBurns/co [Complications]\r\nBurns/mi [Microbiology]\r\nFemale\r\nHumans\r\nMale\r\nMiddle Aged\r\nNeutropenia/mi [Microbiology]\r\nRetrospective Studies\r\nTertiary Care Centers","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Lafaurie M, d'Anglejan E, Donay J L, Glotz D, Sarfati E, Mimoun M, Legrand M, Oksenhendler E, Bagot M, Valade S, Bercot B, and Molina J M (2020) Utility of anaerobic bottles for the diagnosis of bloodstream infections. BMC Infectious Diseases 20, 142 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-020-4854-x"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437695,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437707,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129302759,"Title":"Detection of bloodstream infections in adults: how many blood cultures are needed?","ParentTitle":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","ShortTitle":"Lee (2007)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2007","Month":"","StandardNumber":"0095-1137","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"45","Pages":"3546–8","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med6&DO=10.1128%2fJCM.01555-07","OldItemId":"4540","Abstract":"Although several reports have shown that two to three 20-ml blood cultures are adequate for the detection of bacteremia and fungemia in adults, a recent study (F. R. Cockerill et al., Clin. Infect. Dis. 38:1724-1730, 2004) found that two blood cultures detected only 80% of bloodstream infections and that three blood cultures detected 96% of episodes. We reviewed data at two university hospitals to determine whether the recent observations by Cockerill et al. are applicable more widely. We assessed all blood cultures obtained from adult inpatients from 1 January 2004 through 31 December 2005 at Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital and Duke University Medical Center. All instances in which > or =3 blood cultures per patient were obtained during a 24-h period were included. The medical records of patients who met the inclusion criteria were reviewed retrospectively to determine the clinical significance of the positive blood culture (true infection versus contamination). Data were analyzed to determine the cumulative sensitivity of blood cultures obtained sequentially during the 24-h time period. Of 629 unimicrobial episodes with > or =3 blood cultures obtained during the 24-h period, 460 (73.1%) were detected with the first blood culture, 564 (89.7%) were detected with the first two blood cultures, 618 (98.2%) were detected with the first three blood cultures, and 628 (99.8%) were detected with the first four blood cultures. Of 351 unimicrobial episodes with > or =4 blood cultures obtained during the 24-h period, 257 (73.2%) were detected with the first blood culture, 308 (93.9%) were detected with the first two blood cultures, 340 (96.9%) were detected with the first three blood cultures, and 350 (99.7%) were detected with the first four blood cultures. Among unimicrobial episodes, Staphylococcus aureus was more likely to be detected with the first blood culture (approximately 90% detected with the first blood culture). There were 58 polymicrobial episodes in which > or =3 blood cultures were obtained. Forty-seven (81.0%) were detected with the first blood culture, 54 (93.1%) were detected with the first two blood cultures, and 58 (100%) were detected with the first three blood cultures. The results of this study indicate that two blood cultures in a 24-h period will detect approximately 90% of bloodstream infections in adults. To achieve a detection rate of >99%, as many as four blood cultures may be needed. The previously held axiom that virtually all bloodstream infections can be detected with two to three blood cultures may no longer be valid but may also depend on the definition of the \"first\" blood culture obtained (see Materials and Methods and Discussion in the text).","Comments":"Lee, Andrew \r\nMirrett, Stanley \r\nReller, L Barth \r\nWeinstein, Melvin P \r\nComment in (CIN)\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Lee A; Mirrett S; Reller L B; Weinstein M P; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01555-07","Keywords":"*Bacteremia/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Fungemia/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Microbiological Techniques/mt [Methods]\r\nAdult\r\nHumans","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Lee A, Mirrett S, Reller L B, and Weinstein M P (2007) Detection of bloodstream infections in adults: how many blood cultures are needed?. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 45, 3546–8 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01555-07"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437659,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437670,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437699,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958260,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437707,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129298432,"Title":"Diagnostic yield of blood cultures in febrile neutropenia-a real-world observational study from an academic medical center during blood culture bottle shortage","ParentTitle":"Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology","ShortTitle":"Lei (2025)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2025","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1559-6834","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"46","Pages":"1278–1281","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=medl&DO=10.1017%2fice.2025.10310","OldItemId":"209","Abstract":"This single-center retrospective analysis evaluated the yield of blood cultures in patients with febrile neutropenia during a supply shortage. The detection rate of true bacteremia was observed to increase with the number of sets obtained, although this increase was not statistically significant. Findings support limiting repeat cultures within 48 hours.","Comments":"Lei, Yuanli \r\nAlkozah, Maria \r\nWilson Dib, Rita \r\nMaryam, Bibi \r\nMohler, Brandon \r\nSiegrist, Emily A \r\nSassine, Joseph\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Lei Y; Alkozah M; Wilson Dib; R; Maryam B; Mohler B; Siegrist E A; Sassine J; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2025.10310","Keywords":"*Bacteremia/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Blood Culture/is [Instrumentation]\r\n*Blood Culture/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data]\r\n*Febrile Neutropenia/bl [Blood]\r\n*Febrile Neutropenia/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Febrile Neutropenia/mi [Microbiology]\r\nAcademic Medical Centers\r\nAdult\r\nAged\r\nFemale\r\nHumans\r\nMale\r\nMiddle Aged\r\nRetrospective Studies","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Lei Y, Alkozah M, Wilson Dib, R, Maryam B, Mohler B, Siegrist E A, and Sassine J (2025) Diagnostic yield of blood cultures in febrile neutropenia-a real-world observational study from an academic medical center during blood culture bottle shortage. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 46, 1278–1281 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2025.10310"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958255,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[{"ItemDocumentId":1616130,"TextFrom":0,"TextTo":0,"Text":"Page 1:\n[¬s]\"each positive BC set (comprising six bottles from a single\nvenipuncture) was prospectively categorised by clinicians,[¬e]\"","IsFromPDF":true,"DocTitle":"Full Text PDF","ItemArm":""}]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437696,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19988316,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437718,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129302247,"Title":"Species-driven interpretation guidelines in case of a single-sampling strategy for blood culture","ParentTitle":"European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases","ShortTitle":"Leyssene (2011)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2011","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1435-4373","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"30","Pages":"1537–41","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med8&DO=10.1007%2fs10096-011-1257-3","OldItemId":"4027","Abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to define guidelines to interpret positive blood cultures (BCs) to distinguish bloodstream infection (BSI) from contamination in BCs drawn with a single venipuncture. During a 2-year period, each positive BC set (comprising six bottles from a single venipuncture) was prospectively categorised by clinicians, bacteriologists and hospital epidemiologists as BSI or contamination. For each case, the number of positive bottles per set, results from Gram staining and microorganism identification were analysed in order to define interpretation guidelines. We analysed 940 positive BC sets. The BSI rate in monomicrobial BC sets was positively correlated with the number of positive bottles. The positive predictive value was 88% with one and 100% with >=2 positive bottles for Escherichia coli; 100% for Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas and Candida spp., regardless of the number of positive bottles; 3.5%, 61.1%, 78.9% and 100% for coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) with one, two, three and >=4 positive bottles, respectively. Using a single-sampling strategy, interpretation guidelines for monomicrobial positive BCs are based on the number of positive bottles per set, results from Gram staining and microorganism identification: >=4 positive bottles (>=2 with Gram-negative bacilli) always led to a diagnosis of BSI. The CoNS BSI rate positively correlates with the number of positive bottles.","Comments":"Leyssene, D \r\nGardes, S \r\nVilquin, P \r\nFlandrois, J-P \r\nCarret, G \r\nLamy, B\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Leyssene D; Gardes S; Vilquin P; Flandrois J P; Carret G; Lamy B; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10096-011-1257-3","Keywords":"*Bacteremia/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Bacteremia/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Blood/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Fungemia/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Fungemia/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Microbiological Techniques/mt [Methods]\r\nHumans\r\nPredictive Value of Tests\r\nProspective Studies","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Leyssene D, Gardes S, Vilquin P, Flandrois J P, Carret G, and Lamy B (2011) Species-driven interpretation guidelines in case of a single-sampling strategy for blood culture. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 30, 1537–41 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10096-011-1257-3"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437698,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437753,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975787,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129299678,"Title":"Revisiting factors associated with blood culture positivity: Critical factors after the introduction of automated continuous monitoring blood culture systems","ParentTitle":"Medicine","ShortTitle":"Lin (2022)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2022","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1536-5964","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"Lin, Pei-Chin. Department of Clinical Pathology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan. Chang, Chia-Ling. Department of Clinical Pathology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan. Chung, Yi-Hua. Department of Clinical Pathology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan. Chang, Chih-Chun. Department of Clinical Pathology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan. Chang, Chih-Chun. Department of Nursing, Cardinal Tien Junior College of Healthcare and Management, Yilan, Taiwan. Chu, Fang-Yeh. Department of Clinical Pathology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan. Chu, Fang-Yeh. Graduate School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan. Chu, Fang-Yeh. Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu City, Taiwan. Chu, Fang-Yeh. School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Taipei Medical University,","Volume":"101","Pages":"e29693","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med22&DO=10.1097%2fMD.0000000000029693","OldItemId":"1457","Abstract":"Blood culture is the main tool used to identify causative pathogens. Adequate volume and number of culture sets are considered key to blood culture positivity rate. It is not known whether these factors remain critical to the positivity rate after the introduction of automated continuous blood culture system monitoring. We measured blood volume per bottle and described the distribution of blood volume and number of culture sets. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to determine the independent association of blood volume, number of culture sets, diagnosis of sepsis in a patient, and other covariates with blood culture results. Only 6.9% of the blood culture bottle volumes complied with the guidance (8-10 mL), with the highest culture positivity rate (18%). Of the culture events, only one set of blood was cultured in 60.9% of events. In the multivariate analysis, blood culture volume per event (odds ratio [OR], 1.09 [95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06-1.11]), patients with a diagnosis of sepsis (OR, 2.86 [95% CI, 2.06-3.98]), and samples from the emergency department (OR, 2.29 [95% CI, 1.72-3.04]), but not the number of culture sets (OR, 0.74 [95% CI, 0.50-1.12]), were observed to be statistically significant with respect to blood culture positivity rate. Our results revealed that the total blood culture volume and the diagnosis of sepsis were critical factors affecting blood culture positivity rate. However, the proportion of blood culture bottles with the optimal blood volume was very low, and optimizing blood volume would be key to increasing blood culture positivity rate. Copyright © 2022 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.","Comments":"Lin, Pei-Chin\r\nChang, Chia-Ling\r\nChung, Yi-Hua\r\nChang, Chih-Chun\r\nChu, Fang-Yeh","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Lin P C; Chang C L; Chung Y H; Chang C C; Chu F Y; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000029693","Keywords":"*Bacteremia/di [Diagnosis]\r\nBlood Culture\r\nHumans\r\n*Sepsis/di [Diagnosis]","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Lin P C, Chang C L, Chung Y H, Chang C C, and Chu F Y (2022) Revisiting factors associated with blood culture positivity: Critical factors after the introduction of automated continuous monitoring blood culture systems. Medicine 101, e29693 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000029693"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958255,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958260,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437671,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437683,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437698,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975787,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19988862,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437718,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129299182,"Title":"Impact of a strategy based on unique blood culture sampling on contamination rate and detection of bloodstream infections in critically ill patients","ParentTitle":"Annals of Intensive Care","ShortTitle":"Mahieu (2023)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2023","Month":"","StandardNumber":"2110-5820","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"13","Pages":"13","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=pmnm&DO=10.1186%2fs13613-023-01107-y","OldItemId":"960","Abstract":"BACKGROUND: Unique blood culture (UBC) has been proposed to limit the number of venipuncture and to decrease the risk of BC contaminations (BCC) without affecting their yield. We hypothesized that a multi-faceted program based on UBC in the ICU may reduce the rate of contaminants with a similar performance for bloodstream infections (BSI) identification. METHODS: In a before and after design, we compared the proportion of BSI and BCC. A first 3-year period with multi-sampling (MS) strategy followed by a 4-month washout period, where staff received education and training for using UBC, and a 32-month period, where UBC was routinely used, while education and feedback were maintained. During the UBC period, a large volume of blood (40 mL) was sampled through a unique venipuncture with additional BC collections discouraged for 48 h. RESULTS: Of the 4,491 patients included (35% female patients, mean age 62 years) 17,466 BC were collected. The mean volume of blood per bottle collected increased from 2.8 +/- 1.8 mL to 8.2 +/- 3.9 mL between the MS and UBC periods, P < 0.01. A 59.6% reduction (95% CI 56.7-62.3; P < 0.001) of BC bottles collected per week was observed between the MS and UBC periods. The rate of BCC per patient decreased between the two periods from 11.2% to 3.8% (73.4% reduction; P < 0.001) for the MS and UBC periods, P < 0.001. Meanwhile, the rate of BSI per patient remained stable at 13.2% and 13.2% for the MS and UBC periods, P = 0.98. CONCLUSIONS: In ICU patients, a strategy based on UBC reduces the contamination rate of cultures without affecting their yield. Copyright © 2023. The Author(s).","Comments":"Mahieu, Rafael \r\nLemarie, Carole \r\nDouillet, Delphine \r\nMercat, Alain \r\nCormier, Helene \r\nEveillard, Matthieu \r\nDubee, Vincent \r\nRiou, Jeremie \r\nKouatchet, Achille\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Mahieu R; Lemarie C; Douillet D; Mercat A; Cormier H; Eveillard M; Dubee V; Riou J; Kouatchet A; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13613-023-01107-y","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Mahieu R, Lemarie C, Douillet D, Mercat A, Cormier H, Eveillard M, Dubee V, Riou J, and Kouatchet A (2023) Impact of a strategy based on unique blood culture sampling on contamination rate and detection of bloodstream infections in critically ill patients. Annals of Intensive Care 13, 13 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13613-023-01107-y"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958255,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437668,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437682,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437694,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975798,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20002967,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437707,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129303473,"Title":"Controlled comparison of BacT/ALERT FAN aerobic medium and BATEC fungal blood culture medium for detection of fungemia","ParentTitle":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","ShortTitle":"McDonald (2001)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2001","Month":"","StandardNumber":"0095-1137","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"39","Pages":"622–4","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med4&DO=10.1128%2fJCM.39.2.622-624.2001","OldItemId":"5255","Abstract":"Yeasts are an increasingly common cause of nosocomial bloodstream infections. Methods for their detection are many; controlled comparisons are few. The vented FAN aerobic blood culture medium has been shown to be superior to the standard BacT/ALERT aerobic medium for the detection of fungemia as well as bacteremia. The BACTEC selective fungal medium (FM) (BD Biosciences, Sparks, Md.) allowed detection of more episodes of fungemia than did a resin-containing medium with equal volumes of blood cultured. Therefore, we compared vented FAN to FM for the ability to recover fungi from the blood of patients who were at increased risk of having fungemia. From 5,109 cultures processed for which both FAN and FM bottles were adequately filled, fungi were recovered from 87 cultures. Of these, 47 were detected with both bottles, 12 were detected with FAN only, and 28 were detected with FM only (P < 0.05). FAN was the first bottle positive for 36 of the 47 cultures for which both bottles yielded the same fungus, whereas the FM bottle was the first bottle positive for 11 cultures (P < 0.001). A total of 54 episodes of fungemia were identified, with 40 detected by both media, 4 detected only by FAN, and 10 detected only by FM (P value, not significant). We conclude that the vented FAN aerobic bottle is comparable to the FM bottle for detection of episodes of yeast infection but has the added benefit of detecting bacteria.","Comments":"McDonald, L C \r\nWeinstein, M P \r\nFune, J \r\nMirrett, S \r\nReimer, L G \r\nReller, L B\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"McDonald L C; Weinstein M P; Fune J; Mirrett S; Reimer L G; Reller L B; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.39.2.622-624.2001","Keywords":"*Candidiasis/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Culture Media\r\n*Fungemia/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Fungi/gd [Growth & Development]\r\n*Mycology/mt [Methods]\r\n*Mycoses/di [Diagnosis]\r\n0 (Culture Media)\r\nAerobiosis\r\nCandida/gd [Growth & Development]\r\nCandida/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\nCandidiasis/bl [Blood]\r\nCross Infection/bl [Blood]\r\nCross Infection/di [Diagnosis]\r\nCross Infection/mi [Microbiology]\r\nFungemia/bl [Blood]\r\nFungi/cl [Classification]\r\nFungi/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\nHumans\r\nMycoses/bl [Blood]\r\nMycoses/cl [Classification]","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"McDonald L C, Weinstein M P, Fune J, Mirrett S, Reimer L G, and Reller L B (2001) Controlled comparison of BacT/ALERT FAN aerobic medium and BATEC fungal blood culture medium for detection of fungemia. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 39, 622–4 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.39.2.622-624.2001"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437668,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437682,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437694,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437718,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129305125,"Title":"Comparison of Mycosis IC/F and Plus Aerobic/F media for diagnosis of fungemia by the Bactec 9240 system","ParentTitle":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","ShortTitle":"Meyer (2004)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2004","Month":"","StandardNumber":"0095-1137","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"42","Pages":"773–777","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"<Go to ISI>://WOS:000189379000047","OldItemId":"13582","Abstract":"Fungemia is associated with a high mortality rate. We compared the performance of the Mycosis IC/F selective fungal medium and the Plus Aerobic/F standard bacteriological medium for the diagnosis of fungemia on the Bactec 9240 automatic system. We retrospectively analyzed 550 blood culture pairs composed of one Mycosis IC/F vial and one Plus Aerobic/F vial, drawn in 187 patients with fungemia. The positivity rate by vial was significantly higher on Mycosis IC/F medium than on Plus Aerobic/F medium (88.0% versus 74.9%, P < 0.0001). The positivity rate for fungus detection on Plus Aerobic/F medium fell to 26.9% when bacteria were present in the same vial. The positivity rate by patient was also significantly higher on Mycosis IC/F medium than on Plus Aerobic/F medium (92.5% versus 75.9%, P < 0.0001). A marked superiority of Mycosis IC/F medium was demonstrated for diagnosis of Candida glabrata fungemia (31 of 31, 100%, versus 18 of 31, 58.1%, P < 0.0001). The mean detection time was significantly shorter on Mycosis IC/F medium than on Plus Aerobic/F medium (28.9 +/- 22.2 h versus 36.5 +/- 24.6 h, P < 0.0001). The mean time saving was 8.8 h for Candida albicans and 43.7 h for C. glabrata. Mycosis IC/F medium enabled more sensitive and earlier diagnosis, particularly for the two strains most frequently responsible for fungemia, C. albicans and C. glabrata, and also in the event of the concomitant presence of both yeasts and bacteria. In patients with risk factors, it would thus appear to be sensible to draw a Mycosis IC/F vial in addition to the standard bacteriological vials.","Comments":"ISI Document Delivery No.: 780KC \r\nTimes Cited: 78 \r\nCited Reference Count: 17 \r\nMeyer, MH Letsher-Bru, V Jaulhac, B Waller, J Candolfi, E \r\n1 \r\n83 \r\n0 \r\n2 \r\nAmer soc microbiology \r\nWashington \r\n1098-660x\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Meyer MH; Letsher-Bru V; Jaulhac B; Waller J; Candolfi E; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.42.2.773-777.2004","Keywords":"Microbiology\r\nattributable mortality\r\nbacteremia\r\nblood-stream infections\r\ncandida-albicans\r\ncultures\r\nfungal medium\r\nyeasts","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Meyer MH, Letsher-Bru V, Jaulhac B, Waller J, and Candolfi E (2004) Comparison of Mycosis IC/F and Plus Aerobic/F media for diagnosis of fungemia by the Bactec 9240 system. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 42, 773–777 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.42.2.773-777.2004"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"although it says it is cross-sectional","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437682,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437688,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437699,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437704,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20099594,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129298249,"Title":"Real-life evaluation of supplemental anaerobic blood culture bottles: impact on diagnosis and therapeutic management of patients with suspected sepsis","ParentTitle":"Anaerobe","ShortTitle":"Micolta (2026)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2026","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1095-8274","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"Micolta Solarte, Lizeth Viviana. Fundacion Valle del Lili, Departamento de Patologia y Medicina de laboratorio, Cra 98 No. 18 - 49, Cali, 760032, Colombia. Vergara Ibarra, Jaidith Tatiana. Fundacion Valle del Lili, Departamento de Patologia y Medicina de laboratorio, Cra 98 No. 18 - 49, Cali, 760032, Colombia. Largo Ocampo, Jessica. Fundacion Valle del Lili, Centro de Investigaciones Clinicas, Cra 98 No. 18 - 49, Cali, 760032, Colombia. Ortiz Rojas, Helen Johana. Fundacion Valle del Lili, Centro de Investigaciones Clinicas, Cra 98 No. 18 - 49, Cali, 760032, Colombia. Electronic address: helen.ortiz@fvl.org.co. Lopez Vargas, Jaime Alberto. Universidad Icesi, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Cl. 18 #122-135, Cali, 760032, Colombia.","Volume":"98","Pages":"103043","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=medp&DO=10.1016%2fj.anaerobe.2026.103043","OldItemId":"24","Abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of the systematic inclusion of anaerobic blood culture bottles, in conjunction with aerobic bottles, in the diagnosis and management of patients with suspected sepsis, analyzing their effect on pathogen detection, time to positivity, and subsequent therapeutic modifications. METHODS: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted involving 565 patients weighing 36 kg or more with suspected bacteremia or fungemia. Two sets of blood culture bottles were collected per patient (each set consisting of one aerobic and one anaerobic bottle), with at least one bottle flagged as positive by the detection system. Samples were processed using the BACT/Alert VIRTUO automated system, and microorganisms were identified via MALDI-TOF VITEK MS mass spectrometry. Isolates and time to positivity were compared between both bottle types. RESULTS: Of the total pathogenic microorganisms recovered (n = 498), 56.4% were isolated in both bottle types, 26.9% exclusively in aerobic bottles, and 16.7% solely in anaerobic bottles. Most isolates recovered exclusively from anaerobic bottles were identified as facultative anaerobes. No statistically significant differences were found in time to positivity between aerobic and anaerobic bottles (p > 0.05). In 50.5% of patients with exclusive isolates in anaerobic bottles, a documented change in antimicrobial therapy was observed. CONCLUSION: The routine incorporation of anaerobic blood culture bottles enhances the recovery of pathogenic microorganisms, particularly facultative anaerobes, without increasing contamination rates or detection time. These findings support the systematic inclusion of anaerobic bottles in blood culture protocols for patients with suspected sepsis, contributing to the optimization of microbiological diagnosis and clinical decision-making. Copyright © 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","Comments":"Micolta Solarte, Lizeth Viviana\r\nVergara Ibarra, Jaidith Tatiana\r\nLargo Ocampo, Jessica\r\nOrtiz Rojas, Helen Johana\r\nLopez Vargas, Jaime Alberto\r\nS1075-9964(26)00023-5","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Micolta Solarte; L V; Vergara Ibarra; J T; Largo Ocampo; J; Ortiz Rojas; H J; Lopez Vargas; J A; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anaerobe.2026.103043","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Micolta Solarte, L V, Vergara Ibarra, J T, Largo Ocampo, J, Ortiz Rojas, H J, Lopez Vargas, and J A (2026) Real-life evaluation of supplemental anaerobic blood culture bottles: impact on diagnosis and therapeutic management of patients with suspected sepsis. Anaerobe 98, 103043 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anaerobe.2026.103043"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958255,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437694,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975787,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19988316,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437707,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20019833,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129303417,"Title":"Relevance of the number of positive bottles in determining clinical significance of coagulase-negative staphylococci in blood cultures","ParentTitle":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","ShortTitle":"Mirrett (2001)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2001","Month":"","StandardNumber":"0095-1137","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"39","Pages":"3279–81","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med4&DO=10.1128%2fJCM.39.9.3279-3281.2001","OldItemId":"5199","Abstract":"Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) are the most commonly isolated contaminants from blood cultures, yet they frequently cause true infections. Determining the clinical significance of CNS is difficult, and clinicians often consider the number of positive bottles within a set of blood culture bottles in their assessment. Therefore, in three separate studies, we counted the number of positive bottles within blood culture sets comprising two, three, or four bottles in order to predict whether or not CNS were clinically significant isolates (CSI) in adult patients with suspected sepsis. Each culture was evaluated by independent, published clinical criteria to determine its clinical importance. Of 486 positive sets that included two adequately filled bottles, 127 (26%) CNS were CSI, 329 (67%) were contaminants, and 30 (6%) were indeterminate as a cause of sepsis. Among CSI, 39 and 61% were isolated from one and two bottles, respectively. The positive predictive value for sepsis was 18% when one bottle was positive and 37% when both bottles were positive. Of 235 positive sets that included three adequately filled bottles, 81 (34%) were CSI, 109 (46%) were contaminants, and 45 (19%) were indeterminate as a cause of sepsis. Of CSI, 43, 38, and 19% were found in one, two, and three bottles, respectively. The positive predictive value for sepsis was 28, 52, and 30% when one, two and three bottles were positive. Of 303 positive blood culture sets that included four adequately filled bottles, 64 (21%) were considered CSI, 197 (65%) were contaminants, and 42 (14%) were indeterminate as a cause of sepsis. Of CSI, 27, 28, 19, and 27% were found in one, two, three, and four bottles, respectively. The positive predictive value for sepsis was 11, 30, 34, and 37% when one, two, three, and four bottles were positive. We conclude that the number of culture bottles positive in a given culture set cannot reliably predict the clinical significance of the CNS isolated and, therefore, should not be used as a criterion for determining whether or not an isolate represents true infection or contamination.","Comments":"Mirrett, S \r\nWeinstein, M P \r\nReimer, L G \r\nWilson, M L \r\nReller, L B\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Mirrett S; Weinstein M P; Reimer L G; Wilson M L; Reller L B; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.39.9.3279-3281.2001","Keywords":"*Blood/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Coagulase/me [Metabolism]\r\n*Equipment Contamination\r\n*Sepsis/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Staphylococcus/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\n0 (Coagulase)\r\n0 (Culture Media)\r\nBacteriological Techniques\r\nCulture Media\r\nHumans\r\nStaphylococcal Infections/mi [Microbiology]\r\nStaphylococcus/en [Enzymology]","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Mirrett S, Weinstein M P, Reimer L G, Wilson M L, and Reller L B (2001) Relevance of the number of positive bottles in determining clinical significance of coagulase-negative staphylococci in blood cultures. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 39, 3279–81 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.39.9.3279-3281.2001"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958255,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437697,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437704,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437712,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975787,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19988862,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129301467,"Title":"Correlation between mass and volume of collected blood with positivity of blood cultures","ParentTitle":"BMC Research Notes","ShortTitle":"Neves (2015)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2015","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1756-0500","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"8","Pages":"383","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med12&DO=10.1186%2fs13104-015-1365-8","OldItemId":"3246","Abstract":"BACKGROUND: The collection of blood cultures is an extremely important method in the management of patients with suspected infection. Microbiology laboratories should monitor blood culture collection. METHODS: Over an 8-month period we developed a prospective, observational study in an adult Intensive Care Unit (ICU). We correlated the mass contained in the blood vials with blood culture positivity and we also verified the relationship between the mass of blood and blood volume collected for the diagnosis of bloodstream infection (BSI), as well as we explored factors predicting positive blood cultures. RESULTS: We evaluated 345 patients with sepsis, severe sepsis or septic shock for whom blood culture bottles were collected for the diagnosis of BSI. Of the 55 patients with BSI, 40.0% had peripheral blood culture collection only. BSIs were classified as nosocomial in 34.5%. In the multivariate model, the blood culture mass (in grams) remained a significant predictor of positivity, with an odds ratio 1.01 (i.e., for each additional 1 mL of blood collected there was a 1% increase in positivity; 95% CI 1.01-1.02, p = 0.001; Nagelkerke R Square [R(2)] = 0.192). For blood volume collected, the adjusted odds ratio was estimated at 1.02 (95% CI: 1.01-1.03, p < 0.001; R(2) = 0.199). For each set of collected blood cultures beyond one set, the adjusted odds ratio was estimated to be 1.27 (95% CI: 1.14-1.41, p < 0.001; R(2) = 0.221). CONCLUSIONS: Our study was a quality improvement project that showed that microbiology laboratories can use the weight of blood culture bottles to determine if appropriate volume has been collected to improve the diagnosis of BSI.","Comments":"Neves, Lariessa \r\nMarra, Alexandre Rodrigues \r\nCamargo, Thiago Zinsly Sampaio \r\ndos Santos, Maura Cristina \r\nZulin, Flavia \r\nda Silva, Patricia Candido \r\nde Moura, Natalia Ariede \r\nVictor, Elivane da Silva \r\nPasternak, Jacyr \r\ndos Santos, Oscar Fernando Pavao \r\nEdmond, Michael B \r\nMartino, Marines Dalla Valle\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Neves L; Marra A R; Camargo T Z; dos Santos; M C; Zulin F; da Silva P C; de Moura N A; Victor Eda; S; Pasternak J; dos Santos; O F; Edmond M B; Martino M D; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13104-015-1365-8","Keywords":"*Blood/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Sepsis/bl [Blood]\r\n*Specimen Handling\r\n80 and over\r\nAged\r\nBacteria/cl [Classification]\r\nBacteria/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\nFemale\r\nFungi/cl [Classification]\r\nFungi/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\nHumans\r\nMale\r\nMiddle Aged\r\nSepsis/mi [Microbiology]","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Neves L, Marra A R, Camargo T Z, dos Santos, M C, Zulin F, da Silva P C, de Moura N A, Victor Eda, S, Pasternak J, dos Santos, O F, Edmond M B, and Martino M D (2015) Correlation between mass and volume of collected blood with positivity of blood cultures. BMC Research Notes 8, 383 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13104-015-1365-8"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437642,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437698,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975822,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437731,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129307050,"Title":"Relevance of Use of Anaerobic Blood Culture Bottle for the Diagnosis of Bacteremia","ParentTitle":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","ShortTitle":"Noguchi (2022)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2022","Month":"","StandardNumber":"2328-8957","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"(Noguchi, Shinohara, Tsuchido, Yukawa, Yamamoto, Matsumura, Nagao) Kyoto University, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan T. Noguchi, Kyoto University, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan","Volume":"9(Supplement 2)","Pages":"S221","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=emed23&DO=10.1093%2fofid%2fofac492.421<1016>","OldItemId":"18486","Abstract":"Background. Blood cultures remain the cornerstone for the diagnosis of bacteremia. Although an anaerobic blood culture bottle can recover facultative and obligate anaerobes, routine use of an anaerobic bottle paired with an aerobic bottle remains controversial. We aimed to evaluate the role of anaerobic bottle for the diagnosis of bacteremia. Methods. We conducted a retrospective cohort study in a tertial hospital in Japan from January 2019 to September 2021. Blood culture results were collected from microbiology laboratory records. Blood cultures for which simultaneous pairs of aerobic and anaerobic bottles were collected and from which a single organism was recovered were included. Positive blood cultures were considered as a single episode of bacteremia when obtained within 14 consecutive days. Results. A total of 22677 blood cultures were collected, with 22650 bottles were paired. In 2962 paired blood cultures of which one or both bottles were positive, 1079 episodes of clinically significant monomicrobial bacteremia were observed. In these episodes, 898 had a positive aerobic bottle, while 789 had a positive anaerobic bottle, with 608 had both positive bottles. In 181 episodes (16.8%), clinically significant organisms were isolated in an anaerobic bottle without concomitant positive aerobic bottle. In these anaerobic bottles, 146 facultative and 35 obligate anaerobes were recovered. The most common facultative anaerobe was Escherichia coli (30 isolates), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (27 isolates). Bacteroides fragilis (11 isolates) was the most common obligate anaerobe. Conclusion. Recovery of clinically significant facultative and obligate anaerobes from anaerobic bottle alone was observed in 17% of episodes, which supports that the routine collection of both aerobic and anaerobic bottles is relevant.","Comments":"Infectious Diseases Week, IDWeek 2022. Washington, DC United States","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Noguchi T; Shinohara K; Tsuchido Y; Yukawa S; Yamamoto M; Matsumura Y; Nagao M; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofac492.421","Keywords":"anaerobe\r\nbacteremia\r\nbacterium isolate\r\nBacteroides fragilis\r\nblood culture\r\ncohort analysis\r\nconference abstract\r\ndiagnosis\r\nEscherichia coli\r\nhuman\r\nJapan\r\nmajor clinical study\r\nmicrobiology\r\nnonhuman\r\nretrospective study\r\nStaphylococcus aureus","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Noguchi T, Shinohara K, Tsuchido Y, Yukawa S, Yamamoto M, Matsumura Y, and Nagao M (2022) Relevance of Use of Anaerobic Blood Culture Bottle for the Diagnosis of Bacteremia. Open Forum Infectious Diseases 9(Supplement 2), S221 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofac492.421"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958260,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437671,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437699,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975768,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437751,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975798,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129298422,"Title":"Detection of relevant pathogens and contaminants in blood cultures after implementation of single-sampling strategy and initial specimen diversion","ParentTitle":"European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases","ShortTitle":"Oldberg (2025)","DateCreated":"26/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2025","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1435-4373","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"44","Pages":"2275–2282","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=prem&DO=10.1007%2fs10096-025-05196-4","OldItemId":"199","Abstract":"","Comments":"Oldberg, Karl \r\nKahn, Fredrik \r\nRasmussen, Magnus \r\nWalles, John\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Oldberg K; Kahn F; Rasmussen M; Walles J; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10096-025-05196-4","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Oldberg K, Kahn F, Rasmussen M, and Walles J (2025) Detection of relevant pathogens and contaminants in blood cultures after implementation of single-sampling strategy and initial specimen diversion. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 44, 2275–2282 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10096-025-05196-4"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437688,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437694,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437707,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129303541,"Title":"Routine use of anaerobic blood cultures: are they still indicated?","ParentTitle":"American Journal of Medicine","ShortTitle":"Ortiz (2000)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2000","Month":"","StandardNumber":"0002-9343","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"Ortiz, E. Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.","Volume":"108","Pages":"445–7","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med4&DO=10.1016%2fs0002-9343%2899%2900410-6","OldItemId":"5323","Abstract":"PURPOSE: To determine the number of patients with bacteremia and fungemia and to evaluate the utility of routine anaerobic blood cultures as part of the work-up for suspected bacteremia. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Retrospective review of microbiology data followed by selective chart review at a university-affiliated Veterans Affairs Medical Center. We determined the number of bacterial blood cultures drawn from January 1, 1994, to December 31, 1996, and the number of anaerobic, aerobic, and fungal isolates. Chart reviews were then performed on all patients with a positive anaerobic result. RESULTS: There were 6,891 sets of blood cultures processed through the laboratory, yielding 1,626 patients with positive results. Anaerobic isolates were recovered from 36 patients (2.2%) in 48 bottles. Aerobic isolates were recovered from 1550 patients (95.3%), and fungal isolates were recovered from 40 patients (2.5%). Seven patients (0.4%) had true anaerobic bacteremia. All seven patients had an obvious source of anaerobic infection that was known or suspected before the cultures were drawn. Antibiotic changes were made in four of these patients after the positive anaerobic results were known. Antibiotic changes led to clinical improvement in one patient. CONCLUSIONS: Routine use of anaerobic blood cultures rarely results in clinically important diagnostic or therapeutic benefits, based on the low incidence of anaerobic bacteremia in patients who are not at increased risk. Anaerobic blood cultures should be selectively ordered in patients at risk for anaerobic infections.","Comments":"Ortiz, E\r\nSande, M A\r\nComment in (CIN)","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Ortiz E; Sande M A; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9343(99)00410-6","Keywords":"Anti-Bacterial Agents/tu [Therapeutic Use]\r\n*Bacteremia/bl [Blood]\r\nBacteremia/di [Diagnosis]\r\nBacteremia/dt [Drug Therapy]\r\n*Bacteremia/mi [Microbiology]\r\nBacteria, Aerobic\r\n*Bacteria, Anaerobic\r\n*Bacteriological Techniques\r\nFungemia/bl [Blood]\r\nFungemia/di [Diagnosis]\r\nFungemia/mi [Microbiology]\r\nHospitals, Veterans\r\nHumans\r\nIncidence\r\n*Patient Selection\r\nRetrospective Studies\r\nRisk Factors\r\nUtah\r\n0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents)","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Ortiz E, and Sande M A (2000) Routine use of anaerobic blood cultures: are they still indicated?. American Journal of Medicine 108, 445–7 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9343(99)00410-6"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437643,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437696,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958260,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975822,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20019833,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437731,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129302098,"Title":"[Clinical consideration of coagulase negative Staphylococci isolated in blood culture]","ParentTitle":"Kansenshogaku Zasshi - Journal of the Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases","ShortTitle":"Oshitani (2012)","DateCreated":"26/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2012","Month":"","StandardNumber":"0387-5911","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"86","Pages":"1–6","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med9&DO=10.11150%2fkansenshogakuzasshi.86.1","OldItemId":"3877","Abstract":"Despite blood culture's usefulness in antimicrobial therapy, fewer blood cultures and the infrequency of more than 1 set in cultures appear to be problems in Japan. Since June 2007 infection control team (ICT) recommended more than 1 set in blood sampling and intervention in positive blood culture, coagulase negative Staphylococci (CNS) has frequently been isolated from blood culture and its clinical significance is often difficult to judge. To determine the effect of ICT intervention, we evaluated the number of blood culture specimens, the frequency of more than 1 set in all blood culture specimens, and decision-making on antimicrobial treatment for CNS isolated retrospectively from blood. The study was divided into term I in August 2007 to July 2008, term II in August 2008 to July 2009, and term III in August 2009 to February 2010. We also analyzed how physicians treated infection or its suspicion after CNS and its drug susceptibility. The monthly number of blood culture specimens increased from 40.3 to 51.6 between terms I and III. The frequency of more than 1 set in a single blood culture session rose significantly from 67% to 89% between these terms (p < 0.001). The number of indeterminate also dropped cases significantly during these 2 terms from 27% to 6% (p = 0.017). Infection or suspected infection cases--45 of 49--had central vein catheter implantation. Inappropriate treatment by physicians in these cases also dropped significantly from 85% (11/13) to 45% (5/11) (p = 0.043) during the same 2 terms. ICT Intervention may thus increase the number of blood culture specimens, enable more than 1 set in blood sampling, make it easier to judge the presence of infection, and increase appropriate treatment by physicians. We thus believe that the quality of antimicrobial treatment could be improved through education such as ICT action.","Comments":"Japanese \r\nOshitani, Yohei \r\nIshikawa, Tomoyuki \r\nMurata, Ken \r\nAoyagi, Yoshiki \r\nYabe, Yasuyo \r\nAoshima, Masahiro\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Oshitani Y; Ishikawa T; Murata K; Aoyagi Y; Yabe Y; Aoshima M; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi.86.1","Keywords":"*Blood/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Coagulase/an [Analysis]\r\n*Staphylococcus/en [Enzymology]\r\n*Staphylococcus/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\n0 (Coagulase)\r\nHumans\r\nRetrospective Studies\r\nStaphylococcal Infections/dt [Drug Therapy]","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Oshitani Y, Ishikawa T, Murata K, Aoyagi Y, Yabe Y, and Aoshima M (2012) [Clinical consideration of coagulase negative Staphylococci isolated in blood culture]. Kansenshogaku Zasshi - Journal of the Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases 86, 1–6 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi.86.1"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437682,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437699,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437704,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19988858,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437756,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129298362,"Title":"Evaluation of the relationship between signal time in blood cultures and clinical findings in brucellosis cases","ParentTitle":"Diagnostic Microbiology & Infectious Disease","ShortTitle":"Oz (2026)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2026","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1879-0070","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"Oz, Murtaza. Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Sivas Numune Hospital, Sivas, Turkiye. Electronic address: dr.murtazaoz42@gmail.com. Keskin, Ertugrul. Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkiye. Electronic address: ertkeskin19@gmail.com. Cubuk, Fatih. Depatment of Medical Microbiology, Sivas State Hospital, Sivas, Turkiye. Electronic address: fatih.cubuk.0587@gmail.com. Oksuz, Caner. Depatment of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Sivas State Hospital, Sivas, Turkiye. Electronic address: caneroksuz05@hotmail.com. Aldemir, Ozlem. Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Sivas Numune Hospital, Sivas, Turkiye. Electronic address: ozlem_gulgec@hotmail.com. Topcu, Kubra Firtina. Department of Medical Microbiology, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkiye. Electronic address: drkubrafirtina@gmail.com. Hasbek, Mursit. Department of Medical Microbiology, Sivas Cumhur","Volume":"115","Pages":"117369","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=medl&DO=10.1016%2fj.diagmicrobio.2026.117369","OldItemId":"138","Abstract":"PURPOSE: To evaluate the signal time in blood cultures of patients diagnosed with brucellosis and to assess the contribution of aerobic and anaerobic culture bottles in Brucella spp. detection using automated blood culture systems. METHODS: This retrospective study included 95 patients diagnosed with brucellosis. A total of 175 blood culture bottles were analyzed, consisting of 171 aerobic and 4 anaerobic bottles. Time to detection (signal time) for Brucella spp. was recorded. Hematological and biochemical parameters were compared between patients with and without focal organ involvement. RESULTS: The median signal time for Brucella spp. detection was 62.2 h in aerobic cultures and 146.8 h in anaerobic cultures, a statistically significant difference (p = 0.007). All positive aerobic cultures signaled within the first 7 days. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) were associated with shorter signal times. Patients with focal organ involvement had significantly higher white blood cell counts, neutrophil counts, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels compared to those without focal involvement. However, the laboratory findings associated with this involvement were not correlated with signal times. CONCLUSIONS: Automated blood culture systems reliably detect Brucella spp. within 7 days, rendering extended incubation unnecessary. Anaerobic cultures showed minimal diagnostic value and may be omitted in suspected brucellosis cases. Moreover, the presence of DM was observed to shorten the signal time; however, the literature lacks studies that have comprehensively examined the relationship between DM and poor prognosis in brucellosis. These findings highlight the need for further research on the potential association between signal time and relapse, as well as the impact of DM on brucellosis outcomes. Copyright © 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","Comments":"Oz, Murtaza\r\nKeskin, Ertugrul\r\nCubuk, Fatih\r\nOksuz, Caner\r\nAldemir, Ozlem\r\nTopcu, Kubra Firtina\r\nHasbek, Mursit\r\nBuyuktuna, Seyit Ali\r\nElaldi, Nazif\r\nS0732-8893(26)00119-7","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Oz M; Keskin E; Cubuk F; Oksuz C; Aldemir O; Topcu K F; Hasbek M; Buyuktuna S A; Elaldi N; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117369","Keywords":"Humans\r\n*Brucellosis/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Brucellosis/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Brucellosis/bl [Blood]\r\nRetrospective Studies\r\n*Blood Culture/mt [Methods]\r\nMale\r\nFemale\r\nMiddle Aged\r\nAdult\r\n*Brucella/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\nAged\r\nTime Factors\r\nYoung Adult\r\nAnaerobiosis","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Oz M, Keskin E, Cubuk F, Oksuz C, Aldemir O, Topcu K F, Hasbek M, Buyuktuna S A, and Elaldi N (2026) Evaluation of the relationship between signal time in blood cultures and clinical findings in brucellosis cases. Diagnostic Microbiology & Infectious Disease 115, 117369 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117369"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437658,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437682,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437696,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437730,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20002967,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129301725,"Title":"Recovery and time to growth of isolates in blood culture bottles: comparison of BD Bactec Plus Aerobic/F and BD Bactec Plus Anaerobic/F bottles","ParentTitle":"Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases","ShortTitle":"Passerini (2014)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2014","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1651-1980","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"Passerini, Rita. From the Division of Laboratory Medicine, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.","Volume":"46","Pages":"288–93","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med11&DO=10.3109%2f00365548.2013.876510","OldItemId":"3504","Abstract":"BACKGROUND: This study was done to compare the growth of pathogens in paired aerobic/anaerobic blood culture bottles versus the use of only aerobic bottles, and to analyze the time to growth in both atmospheres. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated the results of all blood cultures collected over a 2-y period for the diagnosis of central venous catheter-related bloodstream infections or other severe infections in oncology patients. RESULTS: Among the 487 isolates, 174 (35.7%), all aerobic, grew only in the aerobic bottle; 250 (51.3%), all aerobic, grew in both bottles; and 63 (12.9%) grew only in the anaerobic bottle, of which 24 were anaerobic and 39 were aerobic microorganisms (8% of positive blood cultures). Of these 39 aerobic microorganisms, 12 were Gram-negative, 17 staphylococci (4 were Staphylococcus aureus), 5 streptococci, 2 Gram-positive bacilli, and 3 mixed growth. Though the mean time to positivity of pathogens grown in both atmospheres was significantly lower in the aerobic bottle than in the anaerobic bottle, in 71 cases (28.4%) the pathogens developed earlier in the anaerobic bottle than in the aerobic bottle - in 36 of these cases at least 1 h earlier, which is significant for starting targeted therapy. CONCLUSIONS: The use of paired aerobic/anaerobic blood culture bottles allowed the diagnosis of a percentage of bacteraemia due to either anaerobic or aerobic pathogens that would have been missed, as they grew only in the anaerobic atmosphere. Moreover in 8% of bacteraemia we identified a significant decrease in the time to detection, resulting in the opportunity to better manage the infections without an increase in costs.","Comments":"Passerini, Rita\r\nCassatella, Maria Cristina\r\nSalvatici, Michela\r\nBottari, Fabio\r\nMauro, Cristian\r\nRadice, Davide\r\nSandri, Maria Teresa","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Passerini R; Cassatella M C; Salvatici M; Bottari F; Mauro C; Radice D; Sandri M T; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00365548.2013.876510","Keywords":"Aerobiosis\r\nAnaerobiosis\r\n*Bacteremia/di [Diagnosis]\r\nBacteremia/mi [Microbiology]\r\nBacteria/cl [Classification]\r\nBacteria/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\n*Bacteriological Techniques/is [Instrumentation]\r\nBacteriological Techniques/mt [Methods]\r\nBacteriological Techniques/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data]\r\nCulture Media\r\nHumans\r\nNeoplasms/mi [Microbiology]\r\nRetrospective Studies\r\nTime Factors\r\n0 (Culture Media)","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Passerini R, Cassatella M C, Salvatici M, Bottari F, Mauro C, Radice D, and Sandri M T (2014) Recovery and time to growth of isolates in blood culture bottles: comparison of BD Bactec Plus Aerobic/F and BD Bactec Plus Anaerobic/F bottles. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases 46, 288–93 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00365548.2013.876510"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437696,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958258,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437707,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129302192,"Title":"Optimized pathogen detection with 30- compared to 20-milliliter blood culture draws","ParentTitle":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","ShortTitle":"Patel (2011)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2011","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1098-660X","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"49","Pages":"4047–51","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med8&DO=10.1128%2fJCM.01314-11","OldItemId":"3971","Abstract":"Using data from 23,313 patients, we assessed whether two blood culture sets of three bottles per set would detect more pathogens than two sets of two bottles per set and achieve similar sensitivity to collecting three sets of two bottles per set. We also compared the yield of aerobic and anaerobic bottles. Thirty milliliters of blood was distributed to one anaerobic and two aerobic bottles. Among 26,855 collections of >= 60 ml within 30 min, 1,379 (5.1%) were positive for a pathogen not requiring detection in more than one set to be considered a pathogen, with 72 additional distinct pathogens detected using two 30-ml compared to two 20-ml sets of one aerobic and one anaerobic bottle (increased yield, 7.9%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 6.2 to 9.8%). For conditional pathogens requiring detection in at least two positive blood cultures for classification as pathogens (i.e., otherwise classified as contaminants), there were 162 positive detections with two 30-ml sets, of which 16 would not have been detected by two 20-ml sets (increased yield, 11.0% [95% CI, 6.4 to 17.2%]). Among 134 subjects who had three sets of 30 ml each within a 30-min interval, there was complete concordance between 60 ml of blood drawn in the first two sets of 30 ml and three 20-ml sets (P = 1.0). One aerobic bottle plus one anaerobic bottle yielded more pathogens than two aerobic bottles for organisms requiring a single (P < 0.001) and two (P = 0.04) positive sets to be defined as pathogens. In conclusion, we showed that collection of two aerobic and one anaerobic blood culture bottles per set results in improved yield compared to two bottles per set. We also confirmed that an anaerobic bottle should be included in blood culture sets.","Comments":"Patel, Robin \r\nVetter, Emily A \r\nHarmsen, W Scott \r\nSchleck, Cathy D \r\nFadel, Hind J \r\nCockerill, Franklin R 3rd\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Patel R; Vetter E A; Harmsen W S; Schleck C D; Fadel H J; Cockerill F R; 3rd; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01314-11","Keywords":"*Blood/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Sepsis/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Specimen Handling/mt [Methods]\r\n80 and over\r\nAdolescent\r\nAdult\r\nAerobiosis\r\nAged\r\nAnaerobiosis\r\nFemale\r\nHumans\r\nMale\r\nMicrobiological Techniques/mt [Methods]\r\nMiddle Aged\r\nSensitivity and Specificity\r\nYoung Adult","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Patel R, Vetter E A, Harmsen W S, Schleck C D, Fadel H J, Cockerill F R, and 3rd (2011) Optimized pathogen detection with 30- compared to 20-milliliter blood culture draws. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 49, 4047–51 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01314-11"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437681,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437698,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437704,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437726,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958258,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975787,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129303920,"Title":"Assessment of Factors Influencing the Positivity of Blood Culture by BacT/ALERT3D Microbial Detection System: A Cross-sectional Observational Study","ParentTitle":"Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research","ShortTitle":"Patel (2022)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2022","Month":"","StandardNumber":"2249-782X 0973-709X","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"(Patel) Department of Microbiology, Bhaikaka University, Gujarat, Anand, India (Patel, Patel) Department of Microbiology, Pramukhswami Medical College, Shree Krishna Hospital, Bhaikaka University, Gujarat, Karamsad, India N. Patel, C 60 Sona Township (Old Mill Compound) Near Kansa Cross Road Opposite to Doctor House, Gujarat, Visnagar, India. E-mail: drnaimikapatel@gmail.com","Volume":"16(8)","Pages":"DC48–DC52","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://www.jcdr.net//article_fulltext.asp?issn=0973-709x&year=2022&month=August&volume=16&issue=8&page=DC48-DC52&id=16759 https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=emed23&DO=10.7860%2fJCDR%2f2022%2f56676.16759<1594>","OldItemId":"6930","Abstract":"Introduction: Bloodstream Infections (BSI) are defined as the presence of living microorganisms in the blood. It is a systemic condition that can result in life-threatening sepsis, thus leading to high morbidity and mortality. Blood cultures have become critically important. Positive blood culture results can help a clinician's early diagnosis and start empirical antimicrobial at the correct time. Today many laboratories use modern, automated, continuous-monitoring blood culture systems for the detection of bacterial growth for blood culture. At our hospital, blood culture is done by using automated detection in BacT/Alert instrument (Biomerieux, France). Aim(s): To determine the effect of a number of blood cultures and volume of blood on positivity rates, contamination rate in blood cultures, and rate of false-positive blood cultures. Material(s) and Method(s): Present study was a cross-sectional observational study conducted from 1st May 2019 to 31st July 2019. Blood culture requests of all patients were included in the study. All blood culture bottles were processed as per standard laboratory protocols. The effect of a number of blood cultures and amount of blood volume on positivity rate, contamination rate, and false-positive blood cultures were studied in detail. The patient's details and microbiological result parameters were extracted from Laboratory Information System (LIS). All the data was analysed in Microsoft Excel 2010. Result(s): A total of 761 blood culture bottles were received at the Microbiology laboratory from 604 patients. Maximum (30%) blood cultures were received from 0-10 years of age group. A total of 31% (236/761) of blood cultures were positive. The true pathogen positivity rate was 41.1% and the contamination rate was 58.9%. Single (74.4%) blood culture requests were more than two (25.3%) or three (0.3%) blood cultures. True pathogens were isolated in 9% (41/449) of single blood cultures and in 18% (56/306) of two blood cultures. Overall, 42% of blood cultures had adequate volume and 58% of blood cultures had inadequate volume. However, the true pathogen positivity rate was 14% (61/444) from bottles with inadequate volume and 11% (36/317) from bottles with adequate volume. Out of 236 positive blood cultures, 139 (59%) were identified as contaminants. A total of 5/761 (0.7%) blood cultures were identified as false positive blood cultures. Conclusion(s): Based on the study findings, a step should be taken to discourage single blood culture and to encourage multiple blood cultures for the diagnosis and better patient care. Although, volume of blood is important, inadequate volume did not affect true pathogen positivity rate in present study. Contamination rate of blood cultures is a major concern and regular training of the concerned staff regarding strict asepsis should be implemented.Copyright © 2022 Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. All rights reserved.","Comments":"","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Patel N; Patel R; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2022/56676.16759","Keywords":"Automated machine\r\nBlood stream infections\r\nContaminants\r\nTrue positivity\r\narticle\r\nbacterial growth\r\nbacterium contamination\r\nblood culture\r\nbloodstream infection\r\nchild\r\ncross-sectional study\r\nearly diagnosis\r\nEscherichia coli\r\nfemale\r\nhuman\r\nKlebsiella pneumoniae\r\nmajor clinical study\r\nmale\r\nmicroorganism detection\r\nobservational study\r\npatient care\r\npositivity rate\r\nStaphylococcus aureus\r\nlaboratory information system\r\nmicrobial identification system\r\nmicrobial detection system","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Patel N, and Patel R (2022) Assessment of Factors Influencing the Positivity of Blood Culture by BacT/ALERT3D Microbial Detection System: A Cross-sectional Observational Study. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research 16(8), DC48–DC52 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2022/56676.16759"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437643,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958258,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437696,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437704,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437715,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20019833,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975822,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":130469345,"Title":"Effectiveness analysis of collecting sets of blood cultures in increasing the positive cultures rate","ParentTitle":"Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology","ShortTitle":"Qiwen (2012)","DateCreated":"10/07/2026","CreatedBy":"David Marshall","DateEdited":"10/07/2026","EditedBy":"David Marshall","Year":"2012","Month":"","StandardNumber":"","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"","Pages":"","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"","OldItemId":"93","Abstract":"\"Objective:To evaluate the clinical significance of collecting sets of blood cultures in detection of BSI pathogens.Methods:A total of 4855 bottles of blood culture were performed from the whole year of 2011 using automated detection system,and the pathogens of positive blood culture were analyzed.Results:The submission rate of sets of blood culture bottles was 23.5%,the positive rate was 11.7%,compared with the single-bottle-positive rate,the rate increased by 5.6%,the difference was statistically significant(P0.05);Coagulase-negative staphylococcus had the highest positive rate in both sets and single-bottle blood culture samples,which were 23.9% and 33.9% respectively,followed by Escherichia coli(17.9%,25.3% respectively).Conclusion:Because collecting sets of blood cultures can significantly increase the isolating rates and distinguish contamination from real bloodstream infection,collecting sets of blood cultures should be recommended.\"","Comments":"","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Qiwen Deng; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Qiwen Deng (2012) Effectiveness analysis of collecting sets of blood cultures in increasing the positive cultures rate. Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology , "},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437642,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437668,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437697,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958260,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437707,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129305894,"Title":"Comparison of one vs. two bactec MYCO/F lytic bottles for recovery of fungi and mycobacteria","ParentTitle":"Open forum infectious diseases","ShortTitle":"Ramanan (2017)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2017","Month":"","StandardNumber":"","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"4","Pages":"S610","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"","OldItemId":"17311","Abstract":"Background. The BACTEC Myco/F Lytic bottle (Becton Dickinson), along with the Wampole Isolator lysis centrifugation tube (Alere) are used to enhance recovery of fungal and mycobacterial organisms from blood. At our institution, one Isolator tube and two Myco/F Lytic bottles are inoculated for each suspected case of fungemia or mycobacteremia. A retrospective analysis of 7518 cultures over 6 years was performed to determine whether one or twoMyco/F Lytic bottles were required for optimal recovery of these organisms. Methods. Blood was collected by a phlebotomy team and distributed into three blood culture receptacles: 2 Myco/F Lytic bottles each with 4 mL of blood and one Isolator tube with 8 mL of blood. The sediment from the processed Isolator tube was inoculated onto Inhibitory Mold Agar, Emmons Sabouraud Dextrose Agar, and Middlebrook 7H11/7H11 Selective Agar. The Myco/F Lytic bottles were incubated for 42 days on the BACTEC FX instrument and the plated media was incubated for 30 days. We compared the recovery of fungal and mycobacterial organisms from one vs. two Myco/F Lytic bottles at our institution from April, 2004 through October, 2010. Myco/F Lytic bottles were randomly assigned as the first or second bottles and additional culture positivity results for the second bottle was compared with that of the first bottle and the Isolator tube together. Results. 171 (2.3%) cultures were positive with fungal or mycobacterial isolates from a total of 7518 cultures. Among 171 positive cultures, 28 (16.4%) grew only in the second Myco/F Lytic bottle. Among these, 20 were fungi (Histoplasma capsulatum, n = 7, Candida sp., n = 7, flamentous fungi, n = 4, Cryptococcus neoformans, n = 1, other yeast, n = 1), 7 were mycobacterial species (Mycobacterium avium complex, n = 7) and 1 was an aerobic actinomycete (Streptomyces sp). 7/45 (15.6%) of H. capsulatum isolates, 7/18 (38.9%) of M.avium complex isolates and1/17 (5.9%) of C.neoformans isolates grew in the second Myco/F Lytic bottle only. Conclusion. The use of two Myco/F Lytic bottles increases the recovery of certain fungal and mycobacterial organisms from blood as compared with one Myco/F Lytic bottle.","Comments":"Embase 628119479\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Ramanan P; Schleck C; Harmsen W; Vetter E; Wengenack N L; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofx163.1602","Keywords":"*Histoplasma capsulatum\r\n*Mycobacterium avium complex\r\nBlood culture\r\nClinical article\r\nConference abstract\r\nControlled study\r\nCryptococcus neoformans\r\nFungemia\r\nNonhuman\r\nPhlebotomy\r\nRandomized controlled trial\r\nRetrospective study\r\nSediment\r\nStreptomyces","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Ramanan P, Schleck C, Harmsen W, Vetter E, and Wengenack N L (2017) Comparison of one vs. two bactec MYCO/F lytic bottles for recovery of fungi and mycobacteria. Open forum infectious diseases 4, S610 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofx163.1602"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437682,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437698,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975787,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975798,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20002967,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437707,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19988316,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129299659,"Title":"Routine Use of Anaerobic Blood Culture Bottles for Specimens Collected from Adults and Children Enhances Microorganism Recovery and Improves Time to Positivity","ParentTitle":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","ShortTitle":"Ransom (2022)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2022","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1098-660X","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"60","Pages":"e0050022","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med22&DO=10.1128%2fjcm.00500-22","OldItemId":"1438","Abstract":"The utility of anaerobic blood culture bottles remains controversial, especially for specimens from children. Data are limited on the inclusion of an anaerobic bottle as part of a blood culture \"set\" when using contemporary blood culture instruments and media. Here, we evaluated the clinical utility of anaerobic blood culture bottles (FN Plus) and aerobic bottles (FA Plus) for the BacT/Alert Virtuo blood culture system (bioMerieux). A total of 158,710 bottles collected between November 2018 and October 2019 were evaluated. There were 6,652 positive anaerobic bottles, of which 384 (5.8%) contained 403 obligate anaerobes. In patients <19 years old, there were 389 positive anaerobic bottles, with 15 (1.8%) containing 16 obligate anaerobes. If not for anaerobic bottles, all but 8 obligate anaerobes would have gone undetected. Furthermore, anaerobic bottles were advantageous for some facultative anaerobes. Staphylococcus aureus from anaerobic bottles demonstrated statistically significant increased recovery (1,992 anaerobic versus 1,901 aerobic bottles, P = 0.009) and faster mean time to positivity (1,138 versus 1,174 min, P = 0.027). Only 25 microorganisms had statistically significant improved recovery and/or faster time to positivity from aerobic versus anaerobic bottles, suggesting anaerobic bottles offer comparable growth for most species. Finally, if only an aerobic bottle had been collected, 2,027 fewer positive cultures would have been detected and 7,452 fewer isolates would have been reported, including cultures with S. aureus (413 isolates, 10.6% less), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9 isolates, 3.1% less) and Escherichia coli (193 isolates, 14.0% less). Taken together, these findings support the practice of routinely including an anaerobic bottle for blood culture collection.","Comments":"Ransom, Eric M \r\nBurnham, Carey-Ann D\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Ransom E M; Burnham C D; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.00500-22","Keywords":"*Bacteremia/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Blood Culture\r\n0 (Culture Media)\r\nAdult\r\nAnaerobic\r\nAnaerobiosis\r\nBacteria\r\nBacteriological Techniques\r\nChild\r\nCulture Media\r\nHumans\r\nStaphylococcus aureus\r\nYoung Adult","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Ransom E M, and Burnham C D (2022) Routine Use of Anaerobic Blood Culture Bottles for Specimens Collected from Adults and Children Enhances Microorganism Recovery and Improves Time to Positivity. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 60, e0050022 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.00500-22"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958257,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958262,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437697,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975798,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20011922,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437720,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129301080,"Title":"Deficits in knowledge, attitude, and practice towards blood culture sampling: results of a nationwide mixed-methods study among inpatient care physicians in Germany","ParentTitle":"Infection","ShortTitle":"Raupach-Rosin (2017)","DateCreated":"26/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2017","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1439-0973","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"45","Pages":"433–441","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med14&DO=10.1007%2fs15010-017-0990-7","OldItemId":"2859","Abstract":"PURPOSE: Blood culture (BC) sampling rates in Germany are considerably lower than recommended. Aim of our study was to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practice of physicians in Germany regarding BC diagnostics. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional mixed-methods study among physicians working in inpatient care in Germany. Based on the results of qualitative focus groups, a questionnaire-based quantitative study was conducted in 2015-2016. In total, 706 medical doctors and final-year medical students from 11 out of 16 federal states in Germany participated. RESULTS: BC sampling was considered an important diagnostic tool by 95% of the participants. However, only 23% of them would collect BCs in three scenarios for which BC ordering is recommended by present guidelines in Germany; almost one out of ten physicians would not have taken blood cultures in any of the three scenarios. The majority of participants (74%) reported not to adhere to the guideline recommendation that blood culture sampling should include at least two blood culture sets from two different injection sites. High routine in blood culture sampling, perceived importance of blood culture diagnostics, the availability of an in-house microbiological lab, and the department the physician worked in were identified as predictors for good blood culture practice. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that there are substantial deficits in BC ordering and the application of guidelines for good BC practice in Germany. Based on these findings, multimodal interventions appear necessary for improving BC diagnostics.","Comments":"Raupach-Rosin, Heike \r\nDuddeck, Arne \r\nGehrlich, Maike \r\nHelmke, Charlotte \r\nHuebner, Johannes \r\nPletz, Mathias W \r\nMikolajczyk, Rafael \r\nKarch, Andre\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Raupach-Rosin H; Duddeck A; Gehrlich M; Helmke C; Huebner J; Pletz M W; Mikolajczyk R; Karch A; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s15010-017-0990-7","Keywords":"*Attitude of Health Personnel\r\n*Blood Culture\r\n*Clinical Competence/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data]\r\n*Physicians/px [Psychology]\r\nCross-Sectional Studies\r\nFemale\r\nGermany\r\nHumans\r\nMale","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Raupach-Rosin H, Duddeck A, Gehrlich M, Helmke C, Huebner J, Pletz M W, Mikolajczyk R, and Karch A (2017) Deficits in knowledge, attitude, and practice towards blood culture sampling: results of a nationwide mixed-methods study among inpatient care physicians in Germany. Infection 45, 433–441 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s15010-017-0990-7"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958260,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437670,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437683,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437687,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437699,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975798,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437707,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129298322,"Title":"A Retrospective Report of a Multi-hospital Health System's Response to Mitigate the 2024 Worldwide Shortage of Blood Culture Media and Maintain Standard-of-Care Testing","ParentTitle":"Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine","ShortTitle":"Reddy (2026)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2026","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1543-2165","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"150","Pages":"425–431","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=mesx&DO=10.5858%2farpa.2025-0393-CP","OldItemId":"97","Abstract":"Context.-: The Becton Dickinson BACTEC blood culture media bottle shortage led hospitals to create a mitigation strategy to conserve bottles while ensuring a high quality of care. Objective.-: To describe how our existing framework of teams was able to quickly pivot to implement conservation strategies without negatively impacting patient care. Design.-: A team implemented various mitigation measures based on current inventory, which included education, leveraging electronic medical record guidance and alerts with evidence-based information on appropriate ordering, alternative sources of supply, and real-time dashboards to inform next steps. Results.-: Implementation of educational efforts and alerts resulted in more than 22 000 blood cultures avoided in 6 months, with an increase in blood culture positivity rates by 25%. We did not see any adverse events that impacted the quality of patient care. We observed cost savings of nearly $200 000 in 2024 with these measures. Conclusions.-: Handling widespread shortages in situations of single suppliers requires rapid assembly of key stakeholders with decision-making authority and support of executive leadership. Existing frameworks of experienced teams quickly assessed the situation, worked on mitigation measures, predicted future challenges, and implemented alternatives to ensure patient care was not disrupted.","Comments":"Reddy, Anita J\r\nRamsey, Christine\r\nFraser, Thomas\r\nFoster, Charles B\r\nFahey, Michael\r\nFromwiller, Lauren\r\nCastator, Alex\r\nDwyer, Scott\r\nGrider, Kimberly\r\nCruise, Michael\r\nHarrington, Susan\r\nBosler, David\r\nRhoads, Daniel D","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Reddy A J; Ramsey C; Fraser T; Foster C B; Fahey M; Fromwiller L; Castator A; Dwyer S; Grider K; Cruise M; Harrington S; Bosler D; Rhoads D D; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2025-0393-CP","Keywords":"Humans\r\n*Culture Media/sd [Supply & Distribution]\r\n*Culture Media/ec [Economics]\r\n*Blood Culture/is [Instrumentation]\r\n*Blood Culture/st [Standards]\r\n*Blood Culture/ec [Economics]\r\nRetrospective Studies\r\n*Multi-Institutional Systems\r\n0 (Culture Media)","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Reddy A J, Ramsey C, Fraser T, Foster C B, Fahey M, Fromwiller L, Castator A, Dwyer S, Grider K, Cruise M, Harrington S, Bosler D, and Rhoads D D (2026) A Retrospective Report of a Multi-hospital Health System's Response to Mitigate the 2024 Worldwide Shortage of Blood Culture Media and Maintain Standard-of-Care Testing. Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 150, 425–431 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2025-0393-CP"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437695,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20026912,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20026913,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437707,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129302796,"Title":"Analysis of anaerobic blood cultures in burned patients","ParentTitle":"Burns","ShortTitle":"Regules (2007)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2007","Month":"","StandardNumber":"0305-4179","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"Regules, Jason A. Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234, USA.","Volume":"33","Pages":"561–4","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med6&DO=10.1016%2fj.burns.2006.10.390","OldItemId":"4577","Abstract":"The utility of anaerobic blood culturing is often debated in the general population, but there is limited data on the modern incidence, microbiology, and utility of obtaining routine anaerobic blood cultures for burned patients. We performed a retrospective review of the burned patients electronic medical records database for all blood cultures drawn between January 1997 and September 2005. We assessed blood cultures for positivity, organisms identified, and growth in aerobic or anaerobic media. 85,103 blood culture sets were drawn, with 4059 sets from burned patients. Three hundred and forty-five single species events (619 total blood culture isolates) were noted in 240 burned patients. For burned patients, four isolates were obligate anaerobic bacteria (all Propionibacterium acnes). Anaerobic versus aerobic culture growth was recorded in 310 of 619 (50.1%) burned patient blood culture sets. 46 (13.5%) of the identified organisms, most of which were not obligate anaerobic bacteria, were identified from solely anaerobic media. The results of our study suggest that the detection of significant anaerobic bacteremia in burned patients is very rare and that anaerobic bottles are not needed in this population for that indication. However anaerobic blood cultures systems are also able to detect facultative and obligate aerobic bacteria; therefore, the deletion of the anaerobic culture medium may have deleterious clinical impact.","Comments":"Regules, Jason A\r\nCarlson, Misty D\r\nWolf, Steven E\r\nMurray, Clinton K","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Regules J A; Carlson M D; Wolf S E; Murray C K; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2006.10.390","Keywords":"Adult\r\nBacteremia/di [Diagnosis]\r\nBacteremia/mi [Microbiology]\r\nBacteria, Aerobic/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\n*Bacteria, Anaerobic/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\n*Burns/mi [Microbiology]\r\nFemale\r\n*Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/mi [Microbiology]\r\nHumans\r\nMale\r\n*Propionibacterium acnes/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\nRetrospective Studies","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Regules J A, Carlson M D, Wolf S E, and Murray C K (2007) Analysis of anaerobic blood cultures in burned patients. Burns 33, 561–4 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2006.10.390"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437694,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958255,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437707,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129303279,"Title":"Comparison of recovery of blood culture isolates from two BacT/ALERT FAN aerobic blood culture bottles with recovery from one FAN aerobic bottle and one FAN anaerobic bottle","ParentTitle":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","ShortTitle":"Riley (2003)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2003","Month":"","StandardNumber":"0095-1137","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"41","Pages":"213–7","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med5&DO=10.1128%2fJCM.41.1.213-217.2003","OldItemId":"5061","Abstract":"Traditionally, a routine blood culture for adult patients consisted of paired aerobic and anaerobic bottles, but the routine use of an anaerobic blood culture bottle has been challenged in recent years. In this study, we compared the recovery of two FAN aerobic bottles with one FAN aerobic and one FAN anaerobic bottle. Each pair of bottles was collected by a separate collection procedure, and each bottle held a recommended 8- to 12-ml draw. A total of 704 clinically significant isolates were recovered from 8,620 sets (17,240 pairs), with 487 (69.2%) isolates recovered from one or both bottles in each pair of bottles, 86 isolates (12.2%) recovered only from the FAN aerobic-FAN aerobic pair, and 131 isolates (18.6%) recovered only from the FAN aerobic-FAN anaerobic pair. Significantly more total organisms (P = 0.002), gram-positive cocci (P = 0.03), Staphylococcus aureus (P = 0.05), Enterobacteriaceae other than Escherichia coli (P = 0.02), and anaerobes (P = 0.01) were recovered from the FAN aerobic-FAN anaerobic pair than from the FAN aerobic-FAN aerobic pair. A separate analysis was performed on the 618 isolates that were recovered from the FAN aerobic-FAN anaerobic pair to compare recovery by bottle type. Significantly more S. aureus (P = 0.005) and anaerobes (P < 0.001) were recovered from the FAN anaerobic bottle, while significantly more coagulase-negative staphylococci (P = 0.01), Streptococcus pneumoniae (P = 0.03), and other gram-negative bacilli (P = 0.004) were recovered from the FAN aerobic bottle. These results support the routine use of a FAN anaerobic bottle for use in the culture of blood with the BacT/ALERT system in our institution. These results also suggest that the decision of whether to routinely utilize an anaerobic blood culture bottle should be influenced by the overall recovery of bacteria and yeast, the recovery of specific types of bacteria or yeast, the medium type, and the blood culture system utilized by the laboratory.","Comments":"Riley, Julie A \r\nHeiter, Barbara J \r\nBourbeau, Paul P\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Riley J A; Heiter B J; Bourbeau P P; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.41.1.213-217.2003","Keywords":"*Bacteria/gd [Growth & Development]\r\n*Blood/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Cell Culture Techniques/mt [Methods]\r\n*Yeasts/gd [Growth & Development]\r\nAnaerobiosis/ph [Physiology]\r\nHumans","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Riley J A, Heiter B J, and Bourbeau P P (2003) Comparison of recovery of blood culture isolates from two BacT/ALERT FAN aerobic blood culture bottles with recovery from one FAN aerobic bottle and one FAN anaerobic bottle. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 41, 213–7 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.41.1.213-217.2003"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437643,"AdditionalText":"ChatGPT and Gemini for cross checking\n","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437682,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437696,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437704,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975822,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20002967,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437715,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":130469510,"Title":"Value of anaerobic blood culture in 4018 blood cultures samples","ParentTitle":"Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology","ShortTitle":"Rong (2012)","DateCreated":"10/07/2026","CreatedBy":"David Marshall","DateEdited":"10/07/2026","EditedBy":"David Marshall","Year":"2012","Month":"","StandardNumber":"","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"","Pages":"","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"","OldItemId":"258","Abstract":"\"OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical significance of anaerobic blood culture bottles in the detection rate of the pathogens and the time of positive reports.METHODS The blood culture was statistically analyzed for 4018 patients with suspected blood stream infections submitted from Jan 21011 to Mar 2012.RESULTS The detection rate of the aerobic bottles and anaerobic bottles submitted at the same period was 14.11%,only higher than 9.26% of the aerobic bottles,the difference was statistically significant(P0.05);on detecting Escherichia coli and Enterococcus,anaerobic blood cultures bottles(306,630 min)needed significantly shorter time than did the aerobic blood bottles(612,810 min),(P0.05);2.42% of the cases only were determined positive in anaerobic blood cultures bottles while both aerobic and anaerobic bottles were obtained,the anaerobic blood cultures could increase 17.11% of the isolation rate of the pathogens causing blood stream infections.CONCLUSION To increase the anaerobic bottle blood cultures may significantly increase the isolation rate and shorten the report time,it is necessary for the hospital to intensify the submission of the anaerobic blood culture bottles.\"","Comments":"","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Rong B; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Rong B (2012) Value of anaerobic blood culture in 4018 blood cultures samples. Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology , "},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437683,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437698,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20011926,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437713,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129299923,"Title":"Determinants and outcomes of bloodstream infection in adults associated with one versus two sets of positive index blood cultures","ParentTitle":"Clinical Microbiology & Infection","ShortTitle":"Ross (2021)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2021","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1469-0691","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"Ross, Georgia. Department of Intensive Care Services, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. Pasquill, Kelsey. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Royal Inland Hospital, Kamloops, BC, Canada. Steele, Lisa. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Royal Inland Hospital, Kamloops, BC, Canada. Parfitt, Elizabeth C. Department of Medicine, Royal Inland Hospital, Kamloops, BC, Canada. Laupland, Kevin B. Department of Intensive Care Services, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Department of Medicine, Royal Inland Hospital, Kamloops, BC, Canada; Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia. Electronic address: Kevin.laupland@qut.edu.au.","Volume":"27","Pages":"1856.e1–1856.e5","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med20&DO=10.1016%2fj.cmi.2021.03.006","OldItemId":"1702","Abstract":"OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether positivity in one or both index sets of blood cultures influences clinical determinants and mortality when diagnosing bloodstream infections (BSI). METHODS: Retrospective population-based surveillance of all mono-microbial BSI was conducted among residents of the western interior of British Columbia. Clinical details were obtained by chart review and all-cause case-fatality was established at 30 days. Index cultures were defined as the first two sets of cultures initially drawn to diagnose incident BSI. RESULTS: A total of 2500 incident BSI were identified of which 945 (37.8%) and 1555 (62.2%) were based on one and two positive index cultures, respectively. There was an overall difference in the distribution of pathogens, with both Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae more likely to have two positive index cultures. Different foci of infection were associated with one versus two positive index cultures. Overall, 409 patients died within 30 days of index BSI for an all-cause case-fatality of 16.4%; with no difference between two positive (250/1555; 16.1%) and one positive (159/945; 16.8%; p 0.3) index blood culture. The number of positive index blood cultures was not associated with 30-day case-fatality after adjustment for confounding variables using logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Although approximately one-third of BSI are diagnosed on the basis of a single positive blood culture and are associated with different clinical determinants, whether one or both index blood cultures are positive is not associated with lethal outcome. Copyright © 2021 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","Comments":"Ross, Georgia\r\nPasquill, Kelsey\r\nSteele, Lisa\r\nParfitt, Elizabeth C\r\nLaupland, Kevin B\r\nS1198-743X(21)00141-5","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Ross G; Pasquill K; Steele L; Parfitt E C; Laupland K B; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2021.03.006","Keywords":"Adult\r\n*Bacteremia/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Bacteremia/ep [Epidemiology]\r\nBlood Culture\r\nHumans\r\n*Pneumococcal Infections/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Pneumococcal Infections/ep [Epidemiology]\r\nRetrospective Studies\r\n*Sepsis\r\n*Staphylococcal Infections/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Staphylococcal Infections/ep [Epidemiology]\r\nStaphylococcus aureus\r\nStreptococcus pneumoniae","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Ross G, Pasquill K, Steele L, Parfitt E C, and Laupland K B (2021) Determinants and outcomes of bloodstream infection in adults associated with one versus two sets of positive index blood cultures. Clinical Microbiology & Infection 27, 1856.e1–1856.e5 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2021.03.006"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437643,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958258,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437694,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975822,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20019833,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129303253,"Title":"[Utility of anaerobic blood cultures in extra-hospitalary bacteremias]","ParentTitle":"Anales de Medicina Interna","ShortTitle":"Ruiz-Giardin (2003)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2003","Month":"","StandardNumber":"0212-7199","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"Ruiz-Giardin, J M. Servicio de Medicina Interna-Urgencias, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, C/Diego de Leon, 62, 28006 Madrid. chruiz@terra.es","Volume":"20","Pages":"179–82","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med5&AN=12768830","OldItemId":"5035","Abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To compare the rentability of anaerobic hemocultures with aerobic cultures in patients suffering bacteremia, trying to analyze the rentability of anaerobic cultures. METHODS: There were analyzed all the hemocultures taken by medical decision for one month. There were taken three extractions by patient in different venopunctures points. In each extraction was taken 10 ml (5 ml in aerobic bottle, and 5 ml in anaerobic bottle). There were compared microorganism isolated in aerobic bottles and anaerobic bottles. Three physician analyzed all the clinical dates of the patients with positive hemocultures and classified them as negatives, contaminants and significant. RESULTS: There were taken hemocultures of 180 patients. There were analyzed 152 hemocultures groups (3 extractions aerobic-anaerobic), without studying 28 owe to not following the study protocol 24 (13.3%) or because of not possibility of studying clinical story 4 (2.2%). Aerobic extractions: Negatives 91 (59.86%), contaminants 36 (23.68%), significant with or without contaminant 25 (16.44%). Anaerobic extractions: Negatives 127 (83.5%), contaminants 2 (1.31%); significant with or without contaminant 23 (15.13%). There are 6 (8.6%) significant positive isolated in anaerobic bottles, that were negative in aerobic bottles, and are: 3 E. coli, 1 K. pneumoniae, 1 Peptostreptococcus sp, 1 Bacteroides sp, and over the total significant isolated (31) are the 19.35%. Both anaerobic bacteremias were clinically suspected. Contaminant microorganism more frequently isolated in aerobic bottles was Staphylococcus sp, 25 cases (69.44% of all contaminants). Significant microorganism more frequently isolated was E. coli (in anaerobic bottles too) in 12 cases (38.70%) of all significant isolated, following by Streptococcus pneumoniae with 4 cases (12.9%). CONCLUSIONS: We recommend collection of one aerobic and one anaerobic blood culture bottle per blood culture set because the global rentability of hemocultures is increased significantly.","Comments":"Spanish\r\nRuiz-Giardin, J M\r\ndel Rey Roman, M C\r\nSerrano Lopez, M\r\nGarcia Melcom, G\r\nGonzalez Ruano, P\r\nIsasia Munoz, T","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Ruiz-Giardin J M; del Rey Roman M. C; Serrano Lopez; M; Garcia Melcom; G; Gonzalez Ruano; P; Isasia Munoz; T; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"","Keywords":"Bacteremia/ep [Epidemiology]\r\n*Bacteremia/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Bacteria, Aerobic/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\n*Bacteria, Anaerobic/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\n*Blood/mi [Microbiology]\r\nCulture Media\r\nFalse Positive Reactions\r\nHumans\r\nReagent Kits, Diagnostic\r\nSpain\r\n0 (Culture Media)\r\n0 (Reagent Kits, Diagnostic)","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Ruiz-Giardin J M, del Rey Roman M. C, Serrano Lopez, M, Garcia Melcom, G, Gonzalez Ruano, P, Isasia Munoz, and T (2003) [Utility of anaerobic blood cultures in extra-hospitalary bacteremias]. Anales de Medicina Interna 20, 179–82"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437643,"AdditionalText":"Tried to translate","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437683,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437695,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19988316,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19988862,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20002967,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129305152,"Title":"Diagnostic reliability of anaerobic blood cultures in bacteremias from a critical care unit","ParentTitle":"Medicina Clinica","ShortTitle":"Ruiz-Giardín (2009)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2009","Month":"","StandardNumber":"0025-7753","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"[Manuel Ruiz-Giardin, Jose; Sanchez, Susana; Saldana, Teresa] Hosp Univ Fuenlabrada, Unidad Cuidados Intensivos, Madrid, Spain Ruiz-Giardín, JM (corresponding author), Hosp Univ Fuenlabrada, Unidad Cuidados Intensivos, Madrid, Spain. jruiz.hflr@salud.madrid.org","Volume":"132","Pages":"729–734","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"<Go to ISI>://WOS:000266482800001","OldItemId":"13668","Abstract":"Background and objective: This is a descriptive study of bacteraemias diagnosed in ICU with an analysis of the diagnostic reliability of anaerobic blood cultures. Patients and method: Analysis of all positive blood Cultures in all Intensive Care Unit from May 2005 to October 2007.Results: The overall incidence of true bacteraemia was 6,1% of admissions. Out of 100 patients. there were 73 bacteraemias and 52 contaminated cultures. Samples with contaminated cultures were drawn 6,27 days earlier (CI 95% 0,61-11,94 Sig:0,03) than true bacteraemia. Most frequent micro organisms were cocci gram positive: 43 cases (58,9%) (coagulase-negative staphylococci was the most frequent: 30 or 41% of all bacteraemia)) Sig = 0,001 in relation with gram negatives. Anaerobic micro organisms were not detected. Candidemias were found in 10 cases (13,7%). The most frequent causes of bacteraemia in this study were catheter-related infections with 36 cases (49,3% Sig<0,005), followed by digestive origin infections in 14 (19,2%). Of all bacteremic episodes (73 bacteraemia), 66 (90,4%) were isolated in aerobic blood cultures, and 58 (79,5%) were in anaerobic ones, with a difference of 10,9% Sig:0,06. When only intrahospitalary bacteraemias were analyzed, there was a difference of 13,56% of more yields in aerobic blood cultures; Sig:0,04 (IC 95% 0,8%-26%)). Candidemias were isolated only in aerobic blood cultures: Sig:0,001. When analyzing coagulase negative staphylococci, there were 30 bacteraemias and 41 contaminated samples. 62 (87,3%) were isolated in aerobic blood cultures and 50 (70,4%) in anaerobic ones, with a difference of 16,9% Sig = 0,01,CI 95%(3%-30%).Conclusions: In the Critical Care Unit, it would be possible to change the anaerobic blood Cultures by aerobic ones to diagnose bacteraemias of intrahospitalary acquisition. This fact should be analyzed with others studies. (C) 2008 Elsevier Espana, S.L. All rights reserved.","Comments":"ISI Document Delivery No.: 451PT\r\nTimes Cited: 2\r\nCited Reference Count: 29\r\nManuel Ruiz-Giardin, Jose Alonso, Mercedes Jaquetti, Jeronimo Sanchez, Susana Saldana, Teresa Zapatero, Antonio\r\nRuiz Giardin, Jose Manuel/AAE-4105-2020\r\nJaqueti, Jerónimo/0000-0003-1864-494X; Ruiz Giardin, Jose Manuel/0000-0001-9459-7386\r\n1\r\n3\r\n0\r\nElsevier doyma sl\r\nBarcelona\r\n1578-8989","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Ruiz-Giardín JM; Alonso M; Jaquetti J; Sánchez S; Saldaña T; Zapatero A; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.medcli.2008.10.061","Keywords":"Bacteraemia\r\nBlood cultures\r\nAnaerobic micro organisms\r\nICU\r\nill surgical-patient\r\nclinical-significance\r\npredicting bacteremia\r\nhospitalized-patients\r\nmortality\r\ninfections\r\nefficacy\r\nperiod\r\nyield\r\nGeneral & Internal Medicine","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Ruiz-Giardín JM, Alonso M, Jaquetti J, Sánchez S, Saldaña T, and Zapatero A (2009) Diagnostic reliability of anaerobic blood cultures in bacteremias from a critical care unit. Medicina Clinica 132, 729–734 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.medcli.2008.10.061"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437643,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437696,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975798,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975822,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437748,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":130469436,"Title":"Clinical Usefulness of Routine Use of Anaerobic Blood Culture Bottle","ParentTitle":"Annals of Clinical Microbiology","ShortTitle":"S (2014)","DateCreated":"10/07/2026","CreatedBy":"David Marshall","DateEdited":"10/07/2026","EditedBy":"David Marshall","Year":"2014","Month":"","StandardNumber":"","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"","Pages":"","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"","OldItemId":"184","Abstract":"\"Background: Blood culture for diagnosis of bacter- emia and fungemia comprises aerobic and anaerobic cultures. The clinical utility of routine anaerobic blood culture has been questioned for a long time and was evaluated in this study. Methods: A total of 9,028 positive blood cultures were collected...\"","Comments":"","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"S Song; J Kim; J Shin; S Kim; N Lee; M N Kim; Sunjoo Kim; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5145/ACM.2014.17.2.35","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"S Song, J Kim, J Shin, S Kim, N Lee, M N Kim, and Sunjoo Kim (2014) Clinical Usefulness of Routine Use of Anaerobic Blood Culture Bottle. Annals of Clinical Microbiology ,  DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5145/ACM.2014.17.2.35"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437688,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437694,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975798,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437707,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129304354,"Title":"Utility of anaerobic blood cultures for the isolation of nonanaerobic organisms","ParentTitle":"Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice","ShortTitle":"Saddi (2002)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2002","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1056-9103","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"(Saddi, Persaud, Glatt) Division of Infectious Diseases, S. Vincent Catholic Medical Centers, Jamaica, NY, United States (Glatt) New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States (Glatt) Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, SVCMC, 88-25 153rd Street, Jamaica, NY 11432, United States A.E. Glatt, Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, SVCMC, 88-25 153rd Street, Jamaica, NY 11432, United States. E-mail: aglatt@svcmcny.org","Volume":"11(6)","Pages":"346–349","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=emed7&AN=36667403<5151>","OldItemId":"10487","Abstract":"It has been postulated that a major benefit of routine anaerobic blood culturing is actually the identification of nonanaerobic (microaerophilic or facultative anaerobe) organisms. In a retrospective analysis of four hospitals for a consecutive 6-month period, an infectious disease specialist reviewed the charts for cases in which nonanaerobes grew only in anaerobic bottles. Analysis included determining whether the same bacteria were found in other cultures (and how often); whether treatment was initiated; and whether anaerobic growth changed or improved management. Forty-eight (0.32%) of 14,760 sets of blood cultures yielded microaerophilic organisms only in anaerobic bottles. Thirty-four (71%) of these 48 cases were deemed isolations of \"contaminants\" after chart review; 14 (29%) were considered isolations of true pathogens. Ten isolates (seven contaminants and three pathogens) were identified from at least two different anaerobic culture bottles (i.e., different blood culture specimens). Two contaminants and three pathogens were also isolated from non-blood-culture specimens. Only 11 true pathogens (.07%) from 14,760 blood cultures grew solely in a single anaerobic bottle culture bottle and were not isolated from any other site. Our study did not demonstrate any benefit of performing routine anaerobic blood cultures for the identification of microaerophilic organisms. Only 14 (0.09%) of 14,760 anaerobic cultures yielded a true microaerophilic pathogen, of which 5 isolates were identified through other cultures or tests.","Comments":"","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Saddi V R; Persaud A; Glatt A E; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"","Keywords":"anaerobic bacterium\r\narticle\r\nbacterial growth\r\nbacterial infection/dt [Drug Therapy]\r\nbacterial infection/et [Etiology]\r\nbacterium contamination\r\nbacterium culture\r\nbacterium identification\r\nbacterium isolation\r\nblood culture\r\ncontainer\r\ndiagnostic accuracy\r\nhospital infection\r\nhuman\r\nisolation procedure\r\nlaboratory diagnosis\r\nmajor clinical study\r\nnonhuman\r\nretrospective study\r\nvancomycin/dt [Drug Therapy]\r\nvancomycin/pd [Pharmacology]\r\nmicroaerophilic organism","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Saddi V R, Persaud A, and Glatt A E (2002) Utility of anaerobic blood cultures for the isolation of nonanaerobic organisms. Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice 11(6), 346–349"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437682,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437694,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437731,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20002967,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129303227,"Title":"Detection of bacteria and fungi in BacT/Alert standard blood-culture bottles","ParentTitle":"Journal of Infection & Chemotherapy","ShortTitle":"Saito (2003)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2003","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1341-321X","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"Saito, Takashi. Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.","Volume":"9","Pages":"227–32","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med5&DO=10.1007%2fs10156-003-0245-7","OldItemId":"5009","Abstract":"Incubation periods of aerobic (AE) and anaerobic (AN) blood-culture bottles with the BacT/Alert system were assessed in our laboratory. We reviewed the results of 6229 blood-culture sets collected at Kyoto University Hospital from January 1999 to December 2000. Of these sets, 731 (11.7%) were positive for bacteria or yeast. Excluding 87 sets with growth evidence on arrival, of the 644 positive blood-culture sets from 341 patients, a total of 691 organisms were isolated. Of the 691 organisms, 413 (59.8%) were recovered from both bottles, 206 (29.8%) were recovered only from the AE bottle, and 72 (10.4%) were recovered only from the AN bottle. The AE bottle was significantly superior to the AN bottle in terms of both recovery rate and detection time for overall organisms, but there was no significant difference in detection time for facultative anaerobic bacteria between the two bottles. Of the 691 organisms, 530 (76.7%) were classified as usual pathogens. Of the 530 usual pathogens, 501 (94.5%) were recovered in at least one bottle of each set within the first 3 days, and 523 (98.7%) within the first 5 days of incubation. Twenty-nine organisms initially isolated on day 4 or later were recovered from 19 patients. Of these, chart reviews indicated that 21 organisms recovered from 11 patients were considered clinically significant bacteria, and the reviews also revealed that no patient had a treatment plan altered based on the results of positive blood culture. Seven organisms initially isolated on day 6 or later were recovered from 7 patients. Chart reviews revealed that 5 of these organisms from 5 patients were considered to be clinically significant. In conclusion, if the incubation period had been less than 3 days, 11 patients with clinically significant bacteremia or fungemia, (3.2% of all patients with bacteremia or fungemia) would have been undiagnosed. Similarly, with an incubation period of 5 days, 5 such patients (1.5%) would have been undiagnosed.","Comments":"Saito, Takashi\r\nSenda, Kazuyoshi\r\nTakakura, Shunji\r\nFujihara, Naoko\r\nKudo, Toyoichiro\r\nIinuma, Yoshitsugu\r\nTanimoto, Mitsune\r\nIchiyama, Satoshi","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Saito T; Senda K; Takakura S; Fujihara N; Kudo T; Iinuma Y; Tanimoto M; Ichiyama S; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10156-003-0245-7","Keywords":"*Bacteria, Aerobic/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\n*Bacteria, Anaerobic/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\n*Bacteriological Techniques/is [Instrumentation]\r\n*Blood/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Cell Culture Techniques/is [Instrumentation]\r\nCell Culture Techniques/mt [Methods]\r\nHumans\r\nReagent Kits, Diagnostic\r\nTime Factors\r\n0 (Reagent Kits, Diagnostic)","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Saito T, Senda K, Takakura S, Fujihara N, Kudo T, Iinuma Y, Tanimoto M, and Ichiyama S (2003) Detection of bacteria and fungi in BacT/Alert standard blood-culture bottles. Journal of Infection & Chemotherapy 9, 227–32 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10156-003-0245-7"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437694,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975798,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437731,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129303263,"Title":"Anaerobic bacteremia: the yield of positive anaerobic blood cultures: patient characteristics and potential risk factors","ParentTitle":"Clinical Chemistry & Laboratory Medicine","ShortTitle":"Saito (2003)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2003","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1434-6621","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"Saito, Takashi. Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.","Volume":"41","Pages":"293–7","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med5&DO=10.1515%2fCCLM.2003.046","OldItemId":"5045","Abstract":"The anaerobic blood culture (AN) bottle is routinely used in Japan with little discussion as to its justification or validity. We retrospectively studied the AN bottle yield of obligate anaerobes and the characteristics of, and potential risk factors in, patients with anaerobic bacteremia during a 2-year period (1999-2000) at four university hospitals and one community hospital. Thirty-four of 18,310 aerobic and anaerobic blood culture sets from 6,215 patients taken at the university hospitals, and 35 of 2,464 samples taken from 838 patients at the community hospital, yielded obligate anaerobes. Bacteroides species and Clostridium species accounted for 60% of the isolates. Fifty-seven patients from 69 blood culture sets containing anaerobes had clinically significant anaerobic bacteremia. Among these 57 patients, 24 (49%) were oncology patients, 40 (70%) had an obvious source of anaerobic infection, 15 (26%) had recent surgery and/or were in an immunosuppressed state. We concluded that the recovery rate of obligate anaerobes isolated from AN bottles was low, and the patients with anaerobic bacteremia had limited number of underlying diseases or potential risk factors for anaerobic infections. Therefore, anaerobic blood cultures may be selectively used according to the potential risk for anaerobic infections.","Comments":"Saito, Takashi\r\nSenda, Kazuyoshi\r\nTakakura, Shunji\r\nFujihara, Naoko\r\nKudo, Toyoichiro\r\nLinuma, Yoshitsugu\r\nFujita, Naohisa\r\nKomori, Toshiaki\r\nBaba, Naoshi\r\nHorii, Toshinobu\r\nMatsuoka, Kimiko\r\nTanimoto, Mitsune\r\nIchiyama, Satoshi","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Saito T; Senda K; Takakura S; Fujihara N; Kudo T; Linuma Y; Fujita N; Komori T; Baba N; Horii T; Matsuoka K; Tanimoto M; Ichiyama S; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1515/CCLM.2003.046","Keywords":"Adolescent\r\nAdult\r\nAged\r\nAged, 80 and over\r\nBacteremia/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Bacteremia/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Bacteria, Anaerobic/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\nBacteriological Techniques\r\nBacteroides/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\nBacteroides Infections/mi [Microbiology]\r\nChild\r\nChild, Preschool\r\nClostridium/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\nClostridium Infections/mi [Microbiology]\r\nFemale\r\nHumans\r\nInfant\r\nMale\r\nMiddle Aged\r\nRetrospective Studies\r\nRisk Factors","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Saito T, Senda K, Takakura S, Fujihara N, Kudo T, Linuma Y, Fujita N, Komori T, Baba N, Horii T, Matsuoka K, Tanimoto M, and Ichiyama S (2003) Anaerobic bacteremia: the yield of positive anaerobic blood cultures: patient characteristics and potential risk factors. Clinical Chemistry & Laboratory Medicine 41, 293–7 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1515/CCLM.2003.046"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437694,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958255,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958260,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437731,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129303078,"Title":"Can BacT/Alert FA and FN blood culture bottles increase the recovery of microorganisms in the clinical laboratory?","ParentTitle":"Journal of Infection & Chemotherapy","ShortTitle":"Saito (2004)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2004","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1341-321X","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"Saito, Takashi. Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.","Volume":"10","Pages":"343–7","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med5&DO=10.1007%2fs10156-004-0349-8","OldItemId":"4860","Abstract":"To evaluate whether the use of BacT/Alert FA and FN blood culture bottles increases the yield of microorganisms, we performed a before-after study. BacT/Alert standard aerobic (AE) and anaerobic (AN) bottles were used from January 1999 to May 2001 (before period). FA and FN bottles were used from May 2001 to March 2003 (after period). A total of 7796 AE, 7807 AN, 4798 FA, and 4787 FN bottles were processed. There were 742 (9.5%) AE-, 598 (7.7%) AN-, 521 (10.7%) FA-, and 396 (8.3%) FN-positive bottles. From these positive bottles 776, 631, 585, and 487 microorganisms were isolated, respectively. Among the isolated microorganisms, 58 (7.5%) and 59 (10.1%) Candida species were isolated from AE and FA bottles, respectively, and 17 (2.7%) and 21 (4.3%) obligate anaerobes were isolated from AN and FN bottles, respectively. We conclude that BacT/Alert FA and FN bottles showed a higher percentage of positivity for microorganisms, in particular for Candida species and obligate anaerobes.","Comments":"Saito, Takashi\r\nIinuma, Yoshitsugu\r\nTakakura, Shunji\r\nFujihara, Naoko\r\nKudo, Toyoichiro\r\nIchiyama, Satoshi","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Saito T; Iinuma Y; Takakura S; Fujihara N; Kudo T; Ichiyama S; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10156-004-0349-8","Keywords":"Bacteremia/di [Diagnosis]\r\nBacteremia/dt [Drug Therapy]\r\nBacteremia/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Blood/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Candida/gd [Growth & Development]\r\nCandida/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\n*Culture Media\r\nFungemia/di [Diagnosis]\r\nFungemia/dt [Drug Therapy]\r\nFungemia/mi [Microbiology]\r\nGram-Negative Bacteria/gd [Growth & Development]\r\n*Gram-Negative Bacteria/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\nGram-Positive Bacteria/gd [Growth & Development]\r\n*Gram-Positive Bacteria/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\nHumans\r\nMicrobiological Techniques/is [Instrumentation]\r\n0 (Culture Media)","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Saito T, Iinuma Y, Takakura S, Fujihara N, Kudo T, and Ichiyama S (2004) Can BacT/Alert FA and FN blood culture bottles increase the recovery of microorganisms in the clinical laboratory?. Journal of Infection & Chemotherapy 10, 343–7 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10156-004-0349-8"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437683,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437688,"AdditionalText":"Ineffective therapy","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437698,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19988858,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437731,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129299172,"Title":"Multiple Blood Culture Sampling, Proper Antimicrobial Choice, and Adequate Dose in Definitive Therapy Supported by the Antimicrobial Stewardship Team Could Decrease 30-Day Sepsis Mortality Rates","ParentTitle":"Infection & Drug Resistance","ShortTitle":"Saito (2024)","DateCreated":"26/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2024","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1178-6973","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"17","Pages":"207–219","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=pmnm9&DO=10.2147%2fIDR.S445917","OldItemId":"950","Abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to identify factors that should be focused on by the antimicrobial stewardship team for treating patients with sepsis, by investigating the mortality of patients with sepsis within 30 days and the mortality-related factors in our hospital over a 10-year period from the perspective of appropriate antimicrobial use. Methods: Factors associated with 30-day mortality were investigated using hierarchical multiple logistic regression in 1406 patients with pathogen-identified sepsis in Hirosaki University Hospital. These factors were clinical data, microbiological data, antimicrobials used in empiric and definitive therapies, presence/absence of ineffective use, underdosing as evaluated using Monte Carlo simulation, and practice of de-escalation. Results: The ineffective use of antimicrobials in empiric therapy and the underdosing and ineffective use in definitive therapy were significantly associated with 30-day mortality (odds ratio [OR] = 2.70, 3.72, and 3.65, respectively). Multiple blood culture sampling was inversely associated with these inappropriate antimicrobial uses. Every year, the 30-day mortality rate has been decreasing, in line with the increase in multiple blood culture sampling and de-escalation; the inappropriate use of antimicrobials has also decreased. Conclusion: Multiple blood culture sampling, proper choice of antimicrobial, and using an adequate dose in definitive therapy could decrease the 30-day mortality rate in patients with sepsis and these factors could be supported by the antimicrobial stewardship team. Copyright © 2024 Saito et al.","Comments":"Saito, Norihiro \r\nTsuchiya, Junichiro \r\nItoga, Masamichi \r\nOkamura, Yuji \r\nTsuyama, Hiromasa \r\nKimura, Masahiko \r\nInoue, Fumio \r\nKimura, Toshiyuki \r\nOzaki, Hiromi \r\nTono, Yuka \r\nMinakawa, Satoko \r\nTomita, Hirofumi\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Saito N; Tsuchiya J; Itoga M; Okamura Y; Tsuyama H; Kimura M; Inoue F; Kimura T; Ozaki H; Tono Y; Minakawa S; Tomita H; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S445917","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Saito N, Tsuchiya J, Itoga M, Okamura Y, Tsuyama H, Kimura M, Inoue F, Kimura T, Ozaki H, Tono Y, Minakawa S, and Tomita H (2024) Multiple Blood Culture Sampling, Proper Antimicrobial Choice, and Adequate Dose in Definitive Therapy Supported by the Antimicrobial Stewardship Team Could Decrease 30-Day Sepsis Mortality Rates. Infection & Drug Resistance 17, 207–219 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S445917"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19958255,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437698,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437704,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437726,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":130469392,"Title":"Optimizing the number of blood cultures for lower and middle income countries: a large scale study in a public sector tertiary care teaching hospital of Southern India","ParentTitle":"International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","ShortTitle":"Sarumathi (2023)","DateCreated":"10/07/2026","CreatedBy":"David Marshall","DateEdited":"10/07/2026","EditedBy":"David Marshall","Year":"2023","Month":"","StandardNumber":"","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"","Pages":"","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"","OldItemId":"140","Abstract":"\"Background: Blood culture is widely accepted as the gold standard investigation for the diagnosis of blood stream infections (BSI). The number of blood cultures collected has a considerable impact on the organism isolation. This study aims to optimize the number of blood cultures needed, for an optimal diagnostic yield in BacT/ALERT VIRTUO system mainly in a resource limited setting.Methods: All the blood cultures (BCs) obtained in BacT/Alert bottles per patient during a 24-h period were included as one episode and categorized as single bottle, 1-set (2 aerobic bottles), 2 sets and 3 sets. BC bottles were incubated in the BacT/ALERT VIRTUO (bioM rieux) for a period of five days. Bottles flagged positive were subjected to Gram staining and culture plating. Colonies grown were identified by MALDI-TOF MS, VITEK MS, bioM rieux.Results: Cumulative positivity rate increased (21.7%, 41.4%, 56.1%, 60.6%) and pathogen isolation rate increased (10.3%, 21.8%, 30.4% and 33.8%) progressively when collected in single bottle, 1, 2 and 3 sets respectively. The pathogen detection rate for GNB and GPC were 45.1% and 42.6% respectively with one bottle and this got upsurged to 85.6% and 98.9% for GNB and 83.6% and 98.2% for GPC when collected in ?1 set and ?2 sets respectively.Conclusions: Two BC sets over a 24-h period can detect approximately 98% of the pathogens with a cumulative positivity rate of 60% and hence it is a justifiable alternative approach to the standard practice of 3-sets of BCs.\"","Comments":"","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Sarumathi Dhandapani; K Priyadarshi; A Sastry; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20232103","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Sarumathi Dhandapani, K Priyadarshi, and A Sastry (2023) Optimizing the number of blood cultures for lower and middle income countries: a large scale study in a public sector tertiary care teaching hospital of Southern India. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ,  DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20232103"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19975822,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437643,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437696,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437704,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437715,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":130469484,"Title":"Comparison of two-bottle and one-bottle blood culture positive and drug resistance analysis in 2012","ParentTitle":"Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology","ShortTitle":"Se (2014)","DateCreated":"10/07/2026","CreatedBy":"David Marshall","DateEdited":"10/07/2026","EditedBy":"David Marshall","Year":"2014","Month":"","StandardNumber":"","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"","Pages":"","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"","OldItemId":"232","Abstract":"\"Objective To explore the difference of two-bottle blood culture positive and one-bottle blood culture positive in positive alarm time and constituent ratio of pathogenic bacteria,as well as the significance in pollution differentiation and clinical diagnosis. Methods The results of 434 blood culture positive specimens were retrospectively analyzed in 2012. Results There were 231 two-bottle positive cases( 53. 23%) and 185 one-bottle positive cases( 42. 63%) in 434 positive samples. The most frequent pathogen was Escherichia coli in two-bottle and multi-bottle blood culture positive samples( 31. 73%), while that was coagulase-negative staphylococcus in one-bottle blood culture positive samples( 30. 27%). Drug resistance rate of G-bacillus was lowest to carbapenem antibiotics( imipenem,meropenem,ertapenem),while that of G+staphylococcus was lowest to tigecycline,teicoplanin,vancomycin,linezolid,that of enterococcus was lowest to tigecycline and linezolid. Conclusion Two-bottle blood culture positive was of significance in differentiation of blood culture contamination in a sense,it can reduce contamination rate.\"","Comments":"","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Se Jiang; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Se Jiang (2014) Comparison of two-bottle and one-bottle blood culture positive and drug resistance analysis in 2012. Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology , "},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958255,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437696,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437704,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437754,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19988316,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129302021,"Title":"A comparative study to determine the recovery rate of microorganisms of bloodstream infections: two versus three blood culture specimens","ParentTitle":"Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand","ShortTitle":"Shanthachol (2012)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2012","Month":"","StandardNumber":"0125-2208","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"Shanthachol, Teerarat. Division of lnfectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty ofMedicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.","Volume":"95","Pages":"1053–8","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med9&AN=23061310","OldItemId":"3800","Abstract":"OBJECTIVE: There has been a development of automated and continuous-monitoring blood culture systems that are more sensitive than conventional systems for the detection of microorganisms. Whether two or three blood culture specimens obtained during a 24-hour period using these automated systems achieving a higher recovery rate of microorganism remains to be determined. The present study was aimed to compare the recovery rates of microorganism of blood-stream infections (BSIs) using two and three blood culture specimens. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A prospective investigator-blinded study was carried out in patients who needed to have blood cultures in medicine wards and intensive care units as well as an emergency room of King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand, between October 1, 2010 and March 31, 2011. Three blood culture specimens were obtained from each patient during a 24-hour period. Each specimen was inoculated into an aerobic bottle of blood culture broth (TREK Diagnostics, Cleveland, OH, US), and then incubated at 37 degrees C for seven days. RESULTS: Of 568 patients, there were 116 (20.4%) unimicrobial episodes with three blood cultures obtained during a 24-hour period. There were 70 (12.3%) and 46 (8.1%) episodes of true pathogen and contaminant, respectively. The recovery rates of true pathogen were 75.7% (53 isolates), 87.1% (61 isolates), and 100% (70 isolates) with the first, second, and third blood culture specimens, respectively (p < 0.05 between the recovery rate with the first two and the third blood culture specimens). There were 25 (35.7%), 38 (58.6%) isolates, and four (5.7%) of Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria, and fungi, respectively. Among 25 Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus was the most common isolate (10, 14.3%), followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae (5, 7.1%) and Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (3, 10% each). Among 38 Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli was the most common isolate (13, 18. 6%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8, 11.4%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (6, 8.6%). The sensitivity and specificity of the recovery rate of microorganisms using two blood culture specimens were 85.7% and 92.3%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the recovery rate of microorganisms using three blood culture specimens were 100% and 90.8%, respectively. CONCLUSION: To the best of the authors'knowledge, the present study is the first prospective study to compare the recovery rate of microorganisms of BSIs between the two and three blood culture specimens using the VersaTREK blood culture system. Three blood culture specimens are required to achieve the recovery rate of more than 99%.","Comments":"Shanthachol, Teerarat\r\nNilgate, Sumanee\r\nSuankratay, Chusana","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Shanthachol T; Nilgate S; Suankratay C; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"","Keywords":"*Bacteremia/mi [Microbiology]\r\nBacteriological Techniques/mt [Methods]\r\nCandida albicans/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\nFungemia/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Gram-Negative Bacteria/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\n*Gram-Positive Bacteria/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\nHumans\r\nProspective Studies","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Shanthachol T, Nilgate S, and Suankratay C (2012) A comparative study to determine the recovery rate of microorganisms of bloodstream infections: two versus three blood culture specimens. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand 95, 1053–8"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958260,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437658,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437670,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437683,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437684,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437688,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437699,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437707,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129298403,"Title":"Blood culture utilization and impact of stewardship practices during a national blood culture bottle shortage at a cancer center","ParentTitle":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","ShortTitle":"She (2026)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2026","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1098-660X","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"64","Pages":"e0116025","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=medl&DO=10.1128%2fjcm.01160-25","OldItemId":"180","Abstract":"Formulating safe and effective diagnostic stewardship guidance for blood cultures in immunocompromised patients is challenging due to limited data and high risk of infectious complications. A 2024 global shortage in blood culture bottles (BD Diagnostics) necessitated the implementation of blood culture stewardship, including at our tertiary care cancer center. This was a retrospective pre-post intervention study of the effects of diagnostic stewardship at a stand-alone cancer center during a 5-month period of the 2024 blood culture bottle shortage compared to the same 5-month unaffected period in 2023. Interventions included discontinuation of an ordering set for persistent fever, modification of an ordering set for new fever to recommend two sets of blood cultures for initial workup, and issuing revised blood culture ordering guidance to providers, phlebotomists, and nurses with repeated educational efforts. Stewardship interventions led to decreased blood culture utilization by 36.3% (from 14,021 to 8,932), while the number of patients tested remained similar. Greatest reductions in utilization occurred in inpatient encounters and with follow-up blood cultures. There was a trend toward increasing blood culture positivity following intervention, excluding potential contaminants (7.1% vs 7.6%, P = 0.08). The frequency of sepsis-coded encounters and 30-day mortality rate were similar between the two time periods. No adverse outcomes related to blood culture stewardship were reported. A significant reduction in blood culture utilization is achievable in a high-complexity cancer patient population without negative clinical impact through limiting the number of initial blood cultures and eliminating pre-emptive ordering of blood culture orders for persistent fever.IMPORTANCECancer and transplant patient populations are frequently excluded from experimental studies on decreasing blood culture utilization, but a recent global supply shortage in blood culture bottles provided a valuable opportunity to evaluate the effects of stewardship interventions on a large scale. This study, centered on a high-complexity cancer patient population, found that a significant 36.3% reduction in blood culture utilization was achievable, safe, and effective through multidisciplinary diagnostic stewardship efforts.","Comments":"She, Rosemary C \r\nBender, Jeffrey M \r\nPullarkat, Vinod \r\nDadwal, Sanjeet S\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"She R C; Bender J M; Pullarkat V; Dadwal S S; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.01160-25","Keywords":"*Antimicrobial Stewardship\r\n*Blood Culture/is [Instrumentation]\r\n*Blood Culture/mt [Methods]\r\n*Blood Culture/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data]\r\n*Blood Culture/st [Standards]\r\nAged\r\nCancer Care Facilities\r\nFemale\r\nHumans\r\nMale\r\nMiddle Aged\r\nNeoplasms\r\nRetrospective Studies","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"She R C, Bender J M, Pullarkat V, and Dadwal S S (2026) Blood culture utilization and impact of stewardship practices during a national blood culture bottle shortage at a cancer center. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 64, e0116025 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.01160-25"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437698,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20011927,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437707,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129298987,"Title":"Retrospective cohort study comparing two versus three blood culture sets in people who inject drugs","ParentTitle":"Infectious Diseases","ShortTitle":"Shih (2024)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2024","Month":"","StandardNumber":"2374-4243","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"Shih, Michael C. Department of Internal Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA. Wang, Aprilgate L. Department of Internal Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA. Radosta, Stella. Department of Internal Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA. Mushatt, David M. Department of Internal Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA. Mushatt, David M. Section of Adult Infectious Diseases, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.","Volume":"56","Pages":"183–192","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med25&DO=10.1080%2f23744235.2023.2284884","OldItemId":"765","Abstract":"BACKGROUND: The current standard of drawing two vs three blood culture sets lacks adequate guidance. Because people who inject drugs are at higher risk for bacteraemia and life-threatening infection, consideration of a third blood culture becomes more important. AIM: To investigate the risks and benefits of obtaining two versus three blood culture sets. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study of adults who inject drugs at a multicentre catch-net hospital system from 2017-2022. FINDINGS: 998 people who inject drugs and 2278 blood culture sets were analysed. There were 1618 episodes with two blood culture sets and 660 episodes with three. A potential benefit of adding a third blood culture was seen in 30 (4.5%) episodes. However, only 13 (2.0%) episodes showed pathogen-identifying benefit, as 17 (2.6%) involved known inadequately treated infections or the same pathogen in another culture. The number of blood culture sets needed to achieve diagnostic benefit was 51. There were more contaminants for three blood culture sets (65, 9.8%) than for two (114, 7.0%) (p < 0.00001). By adding a third blood culture, the risk of a contaminant increased by 39.7%; the number of blood culture sets needed to find a contaminant was 36. Of 122 episodes with only contaminants and available for analysis, 111 (91.0%) experienced at least one complication. 33 (27.0%) patients experienced either prolonged admission, readmission, or unnecessary antibiotic administration. CONCLUSIONS: The benefits of possibly isolating a pathogen from a third blood culture set do not universally outweigh the risks for contaminant growth for people who inject drugs. A third blood culture should be considered in specific clinical scenarios (i.e. inadequately treated endocarditis and osteomyelitis).","Comments":"Shih, Michael C\r\nWang, Aprilgate L\r\nRadosta, Stella\r\nMushatt, David M","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Shih M C; Wang A L; Radosta S; Mushatt D M; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23744235.2023.2284884","Keywords":"Adult\r\nHumans\r\nBlood Culture\r\nPharmaceutical Preparations\r\n*Drug Users\r\nRetrospective Studies\r\n*Bacteremia/ep [Epidemiology]\r\n*Bacteremia/di [Diagnosis]\r\n0 (Pharmaceutical Preparations)","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Shih M C, Wang A L, Radosta S, and Mushatt D M (2024) Retrospective cohort study comparing two versus three blood culture sets in people who inject drugs. Infectious Diseases 56, 183–192 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23744235.2023.2284884"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437670,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437683,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437699,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"it says it's cross-ssectional but it isnt","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958260,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437707,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975787,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129298260,"Title":"Changing the paradigm: Are two sets of blood cultures always needed?","ParentTitle":"American Journal of Infection Control","ShortTitle":"Somani (2026)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2026","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1527-3296","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"Somani, Jyoti. Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Jackson Health System, Miami, FL, USA. Rosa, Rossana. Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Jackson Health System, Miami, FL, USA; Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada; Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Department of Medicine, Horizon Health, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada. Electronic address: rossana.rosa@horizonnb.ca. Manzanillo, Kelley. Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Jackson Health System, Miami, FL, USA. Dinh, Huy. Microbiology Section, Department of Pathology, Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, FL, USA. Rosello, Gemma. Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Jackson Health System, Miami, FL, USA. Abbo, Lilian M. Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Jackson Health System, Miami, FL, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Miami Miller Sc","Volume":"14","Pages":"14","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=medp&DO=10.1016%2fj.ajic.2026.01.006","OldItemId":"35","Abstract":"BACKGROUND: We describe a multifaceted intervention deployed amidst a blood culture (BC) bottle shortage and its impact on BC yields. METHODS: Cross-sectional study conducted at a large safety-net hospital. BC bottle conservation strategies focused on improving blood volume collection, discouraging orders for low-yield conditions, limiting BC orders to 1 set per patient and restricting repeat BC to greater than 48-hour intervals. Trends in BC positivity rates and bloodstream infection events were analyzed using control charts, with a 13-month baseline period, and 12-month intervention period. RESULTS: A total of 35,449 BCs were analyzed. The overall median percent positivity increased from 8.6% to 12.6% (P = .001). In the Emergency Department, the median percent positivity rose from 12.4% to 14.3% (P = .03); in Intensive Care Units (ICU), from 6.8% to 11.6% (P = .001); and in Medical-Surgical units, from 4.9% to 9.0% (P = .001). No significant variability in the counts of positive BCs was observed. The median blood volume per set increased from 5.7 to 7.5 mL (P = .001). Vancomycin use and acute ICU transfers remained stable. CONCLUSIONS: The implementation of BC bottle conservation measures did not negatively impact BC yields or patient safety indicators. Prospective studies are needed to re-evaluate traditional BC ordering and collection practices. Copyright © 2026 Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","Comments":"Using Smart Source Parsing\r\nJan\r\nSomani, Jyoti\r\nRosa, Rossana\r\nManzanillo, Kelley\r\nDinh, Huy\r\nRosello, Gemma\r\nAbbo, Lilian M\r\nS0196-6553(26)00011-8","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Somani J; Rosa R; Manzanillo K; Dinh H; Rosello G; Abbo L M; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2026.01.006","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Somani J, Rosa R, Manzanillo K, Dinh H, Rosello G, and Abbo L M (2026) Changing the paradigm: Are two sets of blood cultures always needed?. American Journal of Infection Control 14, 14 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2026.01.006"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958258,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975798,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437682,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437698,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975787,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19988316,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437706,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958260,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129300353,"Title":"Twelve year analysis of aerobic-only blood cultures for routine detection of bacteraemia","ParentTitle":"Journal of Hospital Infection","ShortTitle":"Stoneham (2020)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2020","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1532-2939","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"Stoneham, S. Department of Microbiology and Infection, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton, UK; Department of Global Health and Infection, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, UK. Electronic address: simon.stoneham@nhs.net. Schilling, W. Department of Microbiology and Infection, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton, UK. San Francisco, A. Department of Microbiology and Infection, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton, UK. Llewelyn, M. Department of Microbiology and Infection, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton, UK; Department of Global Health and Infection, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, UK.","Volume":"104","Pages":"592–596","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med17&DO=10.1016%2fj.jhin.2019.11.025","OldItemId":"2132","Abstract":"Sampling practices determine the accuracy of blood culture in diagnosing bloodstream infection. The main acute hospital in this study introduced aerobic-only routine blood cultures aiming to increase the volume and number of aerobic samples. At the smaller acute site, aerobic-anaerobic pairs were sent routinely. Culture yield and sampling practices were compared at these two sites and it was found that anaerobic cultures increased the yield of pathogens including facultative anaerobes. Volume cultured and number of samples sent fell short of national recommendations. The aerobic-only policy did not result in more blood being cultured. Based on these findings, the main acute hospital is reintroducing aerobic-anaerobic pairs for routine culture. Copyright © 2019 The Healthcare Infection Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","Comments":"Stoneham, S\r\nSchilling, W\r\nSan Francisco, A\r\nLlewelyn, M\r\nS0195-6701(19)30495-5","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Stoneham S; Schilling W; San Francisco; A; Llewelyn M; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2019.11.025","Keywords":"*Bacteremia/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Bacteriological Techniques/mt [Methods]\r\n*Blood Culture/mt [Methods]\r\nEngland\r\nHospitals\r\nHumans\r\nSensitivity and Specificity\r\nSpecimen Handling","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Stoneham S, Schilling W, San Francisco, A, and Llewelyn M (2020) Twelve year analysis of aerobic-only blood cultures for routine detection of bacteraemia. Journal of Hospital Infection 104, 592–596 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2019.11.025"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437682,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437683,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437695,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975798,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437707,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958258,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129304293,"Title":"Bacterial detection in apheresis platelets: Blood systems experience with a two-bottle and one-bottle culture system","ParentTitle":"Transfusion","ShortTitle":"Su (2008)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2008","Month":"","StandardNumber":"0041-1132 1537-2995","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"48(9)","Pages":"1842–1852","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=emed10&DO=10.1111%2fj.1537-2995.2008.01763.x<4524>","OldItemId":"9860","Abstract":"BACKGROUND: United Blood Services (UBS) began bacterial testing of platelets (PLTs) using one-bottle cultures in September 2003. Collection of 7-day PLTs using two-bottle cultures began in April 2006. This study compares our experience using both systems. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: PLTs from 13 UBS regional centers cultured from September 1, 2003, to September 1, 2007, were included in the analysis. Positive-signal bottles from a commercially available microbial detection system (BacT/ALERT, bioMerieux) were sent, with corresponding PLTs if available, for confirmatory testing using plate culture media. AABB definitions were used with modifications. RESULT(S): A total of 51,265 7-day PLT collections and 191,521 5-day PLT collections were tested with bacterial cultures. The overall true-positive (TP) rate for the two-bottle system (1:8544) was comparable to the TP rate with the previous one-bottle system (1:6344). In three of six yield cases, only the anaerobic bottle was positive (two cases of Group D Streptococci, one case of Corynebacterium spp.). The false-positive (FP) and indeterminate (IND) rates in the anaerobic bottle (1:1767 and 1:1830, respectively) were significantly higher than those in the aerobic bottle (1:6408 and 1:17,088, respectively; p < 0.001). One confirmed transfusion-related septic reaction, classified as a late TP after investigation, was reported out of 242,786 tested PLT donations. CONCLUSION(S): The rate of TP cases by the two-bottle system was not increased over the one-bottle system, although anaerobic-bottle-only positive cases were detected. FP and IND rates were increased in the two-bottle system, attributable to the anaerobic bottle. Observation of only one documented transfusion-related septic reaction in 4 years of bacterial screening at UBS is reassuring, although limitations in passive surveillance and higher rates of reactions reported by others indicate the need for continued vigilance. © 2008 American Association of Blood Banks.","Comments":"BacT/ALERT 3D: Merieux [United States]\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Su L L; Kamel H; Custer B; Vanderpool S; Harpool D; Busch M; Tomasulo P; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1537-2995.2008.01763.x","Keywords":"anaerobic cell culture\r\narticle\r\nbacterium contamination\r\nbacterium detection\r\nbacterium isolate\r\nblood culture\r\nculture medium\r\ndiagnostic accuracy\r\nintermethod comparison\r\none bottle culture system\r\nthrombocytopheresis\r\ntwo bottle culture system","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Su L L, Kamel H, Custer B, Vanderpool S, Harpool D, Busch M, and Tomasulo P (2008) Bacterial detection in apheresis platelets: Blood systems experience with a two-bottle and one-bottle culture system. Transfusion 48(9), 1842–1852 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1537-2995.2008.01763.x"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437642,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437682,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437697,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437704,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437754,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958255,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975822,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129307940,"Title":"Routine use of anaerobic blood cultures at Tammasat University Hospital, Thailand","ParentTitle":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","ShortTitle":"Suwantarat (2018)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2018","Month":"","StandardNumber":"2328-8957","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"(Suwantarat) Department of Medicine, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Tammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand (Apisarnthanarak) Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand (Carroll) Department of Pathology, Division of Medical Microbiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States N. Suwantarat, Department of Medicine, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Tammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand","Volume":"5(Supplement 1)","Pages":"S583","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=emed19&DO=10.1093%2fofid%2fofy210.1659<1946>","OldItemId":"19376","Abstract":"Background. Tere are limited data on routine use of anaerobic blood cultures and the prevalence of patients with anaerobic bacteremia in Thailand. Methods. Thammasat University Hospital is a 650-bed university hospital located in central Thailand. We implemented routine blood culture work up for adults using paired aerobic/anaerobic bottles using the BACTEC FX system (BD Diagnostics) as a standard practice. Gram stain and inoculation of positive blood cultures on aerobic and anaerobic culture media were performed and maintained in anaerobic conditions by the AnoxomatTM system (Mart Microbiology). Vitek2 system (BioMerieux) was used for bacterial identification. Data on positive blood cultures, bacterial identification, and time to positivity (TTP) between aerobic and anaerobic bottles were compared. Characteristics of patients with bacteremia were reviewed. Results. During December 2016-October 2017, 323 blood culture sets were processed (one BACTEC anaerobic Plus bottle and two aerobic bottles). Majority of samples received were from patients hospitalized in an intensive care unit (surgical ICU 28% and medical ICU 25%) followed by general medical unit (19%) and surgical unit (16%). Tere were 21 positive cultures from anaerobic bottles (21/323, 6.5%) vs. 30 positive cultures from aerobic bottle (30/646, 4.6%) (P = 0.3). Bacteria isolated from anaerobic bottles included Staphylococcus aureus (n = 8), coagu-lase-negative staphylococci (n = 3), viridans group streptococci (n = 1), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 8), and Escherichia coli (n = 1). Positivity rate of Gram-positive bacteria (GP) from anaerobic bottle was slightly higher than the rate of GP from aerobic bottle (12/203, 3.1% vs. 12/646, 1.9%; P = 0.08) Tere was no isolation of anaerobic bacteria. TTP from anaerobic bottles (mean of 15.6 hours, range 11-26 hours) was signifcantly faster than TTP from aerobic bottles (mean of 49.5 hours, range 13-100 hours) (P <0.001). The majority of the positive samples were from patients hospitalized in an ICU (16/21, 76.2%), especially in a surgical ICU (13/21, 61.9%). Conclusion. Our population had a low prevalence of anaerobic bacteremia. The anaerobic bottle signifcantly decreased the TTP compared with an aerobic bottle. The cost-effectiveness of routinely including an anaerobic blood culture bottle needs further study.","Comments":"Infectious Diseases Week, ID Week 2018. San Francisco, CA United States","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Suwantarat N; Apisarnthanarak A; Carroll K C; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofy210.1659","Keywords":"adult\r\naerobic cell culture\r\nanaerobic bacterium\r\nbacteremia\r\nblood culture\r\nclinical article\r\nconference abstract\r\ncontrolled study\r\ncost effectiveness analysis\r\nculture medium\r\nEscherichia coli\r\nfemale\r\nGram staining\r\nhuman\r\nhuman tissue\r\ninoculation\r\nKlebsiella pneumoniae\r\nmale\r\nmedical intensive care unit\r\nmicrobial identification system\r\nmicrobiology\r\nnonhuman\r\nprevalence\r\nStaphylococcus aureus\r\nStreptococcus\r\nThailand\r\nuniversity hospital\r\nblood clotting factor 10\r\nendogenous compound","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Suwantarat N, Apisarnthanarak A, and Carroll K C (2018) Routine use of anaerobic blood cultures at Tammasat University Hospital, Thailand. Open Forum Infectious Diseases 5(Supplement 1), S583 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofy210.1659"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437643,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20019833,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437682,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437695,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958258,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975822,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437731,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129302475,"Title":"[Laboratory-based evaluation of significance to routinely use anaerobic blood culture bottles: analysis of positivity and rapidity to detect positive cultures]","ParentTitle":"Rinsho Byori - Japanese Journal of Clinical Pathology","ShortTitle":"Tamayose (2009)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2009","Month":"","StandardNumber":"0047-1860","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"Tamayose, Miyako H. Clinical Laboratories, University Hospital of the Ryukyus, Nakagami-gun, Okinawa-pref., Japan. hm999@med.u-ryukyu.ac.jp","Volume":"57","Pages":"1145–50","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med7&AN=20077812","OldItemId":"4255","Abstract":"The publications in 1990s have indicated decreased recovery rates of obligate anaerobes from blood cultures and have questioned the need for routine anaerobic blood culture bottles. In this study, we compared positivities of the paired aerobic and anaerobic bottles and rapidity to detect positive cultures by two automated blood culture systems, BACTEC 9120 and BacT/ALERT 3D. Of 401 positive readings by BACTEC 9120, 338(84.3%) aerobic bottles became to be positive, and anaerobic bottles were 318(79.3%). Also, of 437 positive readings by BacT/ALERT 3D, positivities were 90.8% and 67.3% by aerobic and anaerobic bottles, respectively. These results indicated 5.0% and 23.7% more organisms were recovered in aerobic bottles than in anaerobic bottles, including more staphylococci, gram-positive rods, glucose-nonfermentative gram-negative rods and yeasts. Only 4 (0.14%) of 2,799 BACTEC 9120 anaerobic bottles and 2 (0.06%) of 3,428 BacT/ALERT 3D anaerobic bottles recovered obligate anaerobes. We compared time to detect positive cultures during incubation cycle by both aerobic and anaerobic bottles. Aerobic bottles in BACTEC 9120 read more positive cultures >2 hours earlier than anaerobic bottles, whereas BacT/ALERT 3D could not demonstrate a statistical significance in rapid reading of positive cultures. These results support that recovery rates of obligate anaerobes markedly decreased and that the routine use of anaerobic blood culture bottles is not legitimate at this time. In place of anaerobes, it is an urgent and important issue how to recover fungi correctly and rapidly from blood cultures.","Comments":"Japanese\r\nTamayose, Miyako H\r\nYamane, Nobuhisa\r\nKisanuki, Kyoko\r\nKawai, Mimu\r\nNakasone, Isamu","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Tamayose M H; Yamane N; Kisanuki K; Kawai M; Nakasone I; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"","Keywords":"Aerobiosis\r\nAnaerobiosis\r\n*Bacteria/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\n*Bacteriological Techniques/is [Instrumentation]\r\n*Blood/mi [Microbiology]\r\nHumans","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Tamayose M H, Yamane N, Kisanuki K, Kawai M, and Nakasone I (2009) [Laboratory-based evaluation of significance to routinely use anaerobic blood culture bottles: analysis of positivity and rapidity to detect positive cultures]. Rinsho Byori - Japanese Journal of Clinical Pathology 57, 1145–50"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437643,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437696,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437704,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437715,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975822,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20019833,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":130469519,"Title":"Etiology of positive blood cultures and effectiveness of collecting double sets of blood cultures.","ParentTitle":"Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology","ShortTitle":"Tao (2010)","DateCreated":"10/07/2026","CreatedBy":"David Marshall","DateEdited":"10/07/2026","EditedBy":"David Marshall","Year":"2010","Month":"","StandardNumber":"","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"","Pages":"","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"","OldItemId":"267","Abstract":"\"OBJECTIVE To identify the pathogen distribution of blood culture and evaluate the clinical significance of collecting gouble sets of blood cultures.METHODS A total of 36689 bottles of blood culture were performed from Jan 2004 to Jun 2008 using automated detection system,and the pathogens of positive blood culture were analyzed.RESULTS From them 3644 bottles of positive blood cultures occurred during the study period.The most common strains were coagulase-nagetive staphylococcus(18.9%),followed by Escherichia coli(10.7%),Staphylococcus aureus(8.5%),Klebsiella pneumoniae(5.2%) and Streptococcus pyogenes(5.1%).All together,we carried out 284 strains of fungi,Candida albicans was the most frequent isolates(37.7%).During the study period,9118 cases collected gouble sets or more blood cultures per episode,the isolating rate was 11.8%,which was significantly higher than the single one(P0.05).The distribution of pathogens between single set blood culture and gouble ones was totally different.CONCLUSIONS The most common bacteria of blood culture are Gram-positive cocci.Fungi infection in blood stream are increasing.Because collecting gouble sets of blood cultures can significantly increase the isolating rates and distinguish contamination from real bloodstream infection,collecting gouble sets of blood cultures should be recommended.\"","Comments":"","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Tao Lili; H Bijie; Z Chunmei; Zhou Zhao-yan; Gao Xiaodong; Xie Hongmei; Huang ShengLei; B Rong; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Tao Lili, H Bijie, Z Chunmei, Zhou Zhao-yan, Gao Xiaodong, Xie Hongmei, Huang ShengLei, and B Rong (2010) Etiology of positive blood cultures and effectiveness of collecting double sets of blood cultures.. Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology , "},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437671,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437682,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437697,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975798,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19988316,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437704,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437726,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975787,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129300887,"Title":"Paired blood cultures increase the sensitivity for detecting pathogens in both inpatients and outpatients","ParentTitle":"European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases","ShortTitle":"Tarai (2018)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2018","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1435-4373","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"37","Pages":"435–441","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med15&DO=10.1007%2fs10096-018-3188-8","OldItemId":"2666","Abstract":"The objective of this study was to show the differences between paired blood cultures (PBC) versus single blood cultures (SBC) in the microbiologic yield, the sensitivity to detect pathogens and the time to positivity (TTP). We performed a retrospective study examining 112,570 blood culture samples over a 5-year period from July 2011 to May 2016 in the BacT/ALERT R 3D automated blood culture system (bioMerieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France). Bacteria and yeasts were identified using the VITEK R 2 Compact system (bioMerieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France). True-positives and contaminated bottles were defined and analysed separately. We analysed TTP and adherence to blood volume guidelines for a convenience sample of 510 and 999 sequential positive cultures, respectively. Out of 49,438 PBC samples, 5810 (11.7%) were positive. In 63,132 SBC samples, 4552 (7.2%) were positive (p < 0.0001). In PBC, 5371 (10.9%) were true-positives and 439 (0.9%) contaminants. In SBC, 4095 (6.5%) were true-positives and 457 (0.7%) contaminants. In the inpatient departments (IPD), the most common isolate was Escherichia coli (n = 1373), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 1206), whereas in the outpatient departments (OPD), the most common isolates were Salmonella typhi (n = 612) and S. paratyphi A (n = 278). In the analysis of TTP, 98% grew within 72 h, 91% within 48 h and 89% within 36 h. In the blood volume analysis, 90% of the cultures had optimal blood volume. A significantly higher positivity rate was seen in PBC compared with SBC. Our study adds to the increasing evidence of improved microbial yield of clinically significant bacteria and fungi by performing PBC instead of SBC and adhering to blood volume collection guidelines.","Comments":"Tarai, Bansidhar \r\nJain, Dinesh \r\nDas, Poonam \r\nBudhiraja, Sandeeep\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Tarai B; Jain D; Das P; Budhiraja S; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10096-018-3188-8","Keywords":"*Bacteremia/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Bacteremia/mi [Microbiology]\r\n*Blood Culture/mt [Methods]\r\n*Blood Culture/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data]\r\n*Blood Culture/st [Standards]\r\nBacteremia/bl [Blood]\r\nBacteremia/ep [Epidemiology]\r\nEscherichia coli\r\nEscherichia coli Infections/bl [Blood]\r\nEscherichia coli Infections/di [Diagnosis]\r\nEscherichia coli Infections/ep [Epidemiology]\r\nEscherichia coli Infections/mi [Microbiology]\r\nFalse Positive Reactions\r\nHumans\r\nInpatients/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data]\r\nKlebsiella Infections/bl [Blood]\r\nKlebsiella Infections/di [Diagnosis]\r\nKlebsiella Infections/ep [Epidemiology]\r\nKlebsiella Infections/mi [Microbiology]\r\nKlebsiella pneumoniae\r\nOutpatients/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data]\r\nRetrospective Studies\r\nSensitivity and Specificity","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Tarai B, Jain D, Das P, and Budhiraja S (2018) Paired blood cultures increase the sensitivity for detecting pathogens in both inpatients and outpatients. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 37, 435–441 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10096-018-3188-8"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[{"ItemDocumentId":1619784,"TextFrom":0,"TextTo":0,"Text":"Page 3:\n[¬s]\"we used data from 2018-2020[¬e]\"","IsFromPDF":true,"DocTitle":"Full Text PDF","ItemArm":""}]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437698,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958260,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975798,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437729,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129299634,"Title":"Analysis of Blood Culture Collection and Laboratory Processing Practices in Israel","ParentTitle":"JAMA Network Open","ShortTitle":"Temkin (2022)","DateCreated":"26/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2022","Month":"","StandardNumber":"2574-3805","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"5","Pages":"e2238309","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med22&DO=10.1001%2fjamanetworkopen.2022.38309","OldItemId":"1413","Abstract":"Importance: Blood culturing is a critical diagnostic procedure affecting patient outcomes and antibiotic stewardship. Although there are standards for blood culturing, the process is not often measured. Objectives: To evaluate processes related to the diagnosis of bloodstream infection and compare them with best practices. Design, Setting, and Participants: A quality improvement study using laboratory data from January 1 to June 30, 2019, was conducted in 28 (96.6%) Israeli acute care hospitals. All blood cultures (BCs) performed on samples from adults and children in a period of 147 hospital-months were analyzed. Data analysis was performed from April 12, 2021, to September 9, 2022. Main Outcomes and Measures: True pathogen detection rate, contamination rate, proportion of adults with blood cultures performed, proportion of adult culturing episodes with only 1 set or bottle used, and median time of steps from sample collection to pathogen identification. Results: The data set consisted of 348987 BC bottles. Bloodstream infection was detected in a median of 6.7% (IQR, 5.8%-8.2%) of adult culturing episodes and 1.1% (IQR, 0.7%-1.9%) of pediatric episodes. Eleven of 27 hospitals (40.7%) with adult patients met the standard of a contamination rate of less than 3% and only 2 hospitals (7.4%) met the more stringent standard of less than or equal to 1% contamination rate. The percentage of adults with blood cultures ranged from 2.7% to 29.0% (mean [SD], 15.7% [6.0%]). There was an association between sampling rate and pathogen detection until BCs were performed in 17% of adult admissions. The percentage of solitary BCs ranged from 47.8% to 94.4%. An estimated 1745 of 7436 (23.5%) adult bloodstream infections went undetected because solitary BCs were performed, anaerobic bottles were not used, or BCs were not performed. Median processing time was 51.2 (IQR, 33.9-78.0) hours, 3 times the optimal time: 4.4 (IQR, 1.7-12.5) hours for the preanalytical stage, 15.9 (IQR, 10.2-23.6) hours from incubation to growth detection, 4.5 (IQR, 1.5-10.7) hours from detection to Gram stain, and 30.9 (IQR, 22.0-41.9) hours from detection to isolate identification. An 8.6-hour delay was related to off-hours operating of laboratories. Conclusions and Relevance: The findings of this study suggest that the multistep process of blood culturing is not managed comprehensively in Israel, leading to poor clinical practices and delayed results.","Comments":"Temkin, Elizabeth \r\nBiran, Dikla \r\nBraun, Tali \r\nSchwartz, David \r\nCarmeli, Yehuda\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Temkin E; Biran D; Braun T; Schwartz D; Carmeli Y; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.38309","Keywords":"*Bacteremia/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Sepsis\r\nAdult\r\nBlood Culture/mt [Methods]\r\nChild\r\nHumans\r\nIsrael\r\nLaboratories","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Temkin E, Biran D, Braun T, Schwartz D, and Carmeli Y (2022) Analysis of Blood Culture Collection and Laboratory Processing Practices in Israel. JAMA Network Open 5, e2238309 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.38309"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437641,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958264,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958263,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437671,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437679,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437699,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975787,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975798,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437708,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129298502,"Title":"Single-site sampling strategy versus multisite sampling strategy in blood culture collection within the hospital setting: A systematic review","ParentTitle":"American Journal of Infection Control","ShortTitle":"Vashti (2025)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2025","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1527-3296","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"53","Pages":"1113–1120","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med28&DO=10.1016%2fj.ajic.2025.07.010","OldItemId":"279","Abstract":"BACKGROUND: Many global infectious disease and sepsis guidelines suggest a multisite sampling (MSS) strategy of blood cultures to diagnose bloodstream infections, however, single-site sampling (SSS) may be a viable alternative. This systematic review aims to identify the current state of literature comparing SSS to MSS. METHODS: MEDLINE, CINAHL, Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched from inception to August 2023. Studies comparing SSS and MSS in hospital settings among adult patients were included. Key outcomes being compared were bacteremia detection, contamination rates, and volume of sample collected. RESULTS: Seven studies met the inclusion criteria and were selected, with a total of 18,901 participants and 24,955 blood culture samples. Despite differences in collection methods, 5 out of 7 studies highlighted that increased blood volume using the SSS technique improves pathogen detection and lowers contamination rates. The studies evaluated were of variable quality with potential bias. CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review demonstrates that the SSS technique for blood culture collection provides similar, if not improved, rates of bacteremia detection without increased contamination. We recommend that the above evidence is considered in future guideline publications. Copyright © 2025 Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","Comments":"Vashti, Anniella \r\nMullan, Judy \r\nNitzberg, Michael \r\nS0196-6553(25)00494-8\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Vashti A; Mullan J; Nitzberg M; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2025.07.010","Keywords":"*Bacteremia/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Blood Culture/mt [Methods]\r\n*Blood Specimen Collection/mt [Methods]\r\n*Specimen Handling/mt [Methods]\r\nHospitals\r\nHumans\r\nSepsis/di [Diagnosis]","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Vashti A, Mullan J, and Nitzberg M (2025) Single-site sampling strategy versus multisite sampling strategy in blood culture collection within the hospital setting: A systematic review. American Journal of Infection Control 53, 1113–1120 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2025.07.010"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958255,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958260,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437679,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437682,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437688,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437698,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437704,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975787,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20002967,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20099594,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129299095,"Title":"Microbiological performance and adherence in blood culture protocols: The role of a second anaerobic bottle","ParentTitle":"Heliyon","ShortTitle":"Vergara (2024)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2024","Month":"","StandardNumber":"2405-8440","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"Vergara, Paula C. School of Health Sciences, Pontifical Bolivarian University, Medellin, Colombia. Garcia, Cristian. School of Health Sciences, Pontifical Bolivarian University, Medellin, Colombia. Garcia, Cristian. Bolivarian University Clinic, Medellin, Colombia. Garcia, Cristian. Cardiovid Clinic, Medellin, Colombia. Accini, Melissa. School of Health Sciences, Pontifical Bolivarian University, Medellin, Colombia. Franco, Liliana. School of Health Sciences, Pontifical Bolivarian University, Medellin, Colombia. Franco, Liliana. Cardiovid Clinic, Medellin, Colombia. Vanegas, Johanna M. School of Health Sciences, Pontifical Bolivarian University, Medellin, Colombia. Atehortua, Santiago. School of Health Sciences, Pontifical Bolivarian University, Medellin, Colombia. Atehortua, Santiago. Bolivarian University Clinic, Medellin, Colombia. Atehortua, Santiago. Pablo Tobon Uribe Hospital, Medellin, Colombia.","Volume":"10","Pages":"e35615","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=pmnm9&DO=10.1016%2fj.heliyon.2024.e35615","OldItemId":"873","Abstract":"Background: Bacteremia represents high rates of morbidity and mortality, especially in developing countries, highlighting the need for a diagnostic method that allows prompt and appropriate patient treatment. This study compared microbiological performance and adherence of two blood culture protocols for the diagnosis of bacteremia. Methods: Quasi-experimental study conducted between June 2022 and February 2023. Two blood culture protocols were evaluated. Protocol 1 included two aerobic bottles and one anaerobic bottle. Protocol 2 included two aerobic and two anaerobic bottles. Protocols were analyzed in three phases: evaluation of protocol 1 (Phase 1); evaluation of protocol 1 plus educational activities for healthcare staff (Phase 2) and evaluation of protocol 2 (Phase 3). Results: 342 patients and 1155 blood culture bottles (732 aerobic and 423 anaerobic) were included. Positivity was 17.6 %, 22.8 % and 19.4 % in phases 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Among patients with bacteremia, 84.5 % had positive anaerobic bottles, with 9.9 % showing growth only in this bottle. The contamination rates were 1.9 %, 0.3 %, and 0.8 % for each phase, mainly in aerobic bottles. Median positivity time was 11 h for both bottes aerobic and anaerobic. Overall nursing adherence increased from 13.1 % in Phase 1, 25.9 % in Phase 2, and 28.1 % in Phase 3 (p = 0.009). Conclusions: The findings indicate that adding a second anaerobic bottle does not enhance blood culture positivity. Rather than increasing bottle quantity, staff training might be a more effective approach to optimize results. Copyright © 2024 The Authors.","Comments":"Vergara, Paula C\r\nGarcia, Cristian\r\nAccini, Melissa\r\nFranco, Liliana\r\nVanegas, Johanna M\r\nAtehortua, Santiago","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Vergara P C; Garcia C; Accini M; Franco L; Vanegas J M; Atehortua S; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35615","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Vergara P C, Garcia C, Accini M, Franco L, Vanegas J M, and Atehortua S (2024) Microbiological performance and adherence in blood culture protocols: The role of a second anaerobic bottle. Heliyon 10, e35615 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35615"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19975822,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437642,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437687,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437696,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437707,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20002967,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129309410,"Title":"Are routine anaerobic blood cultures necessary?","ParentTitle":"Laboratory Investigation","ShortTitle":"Vischio (2011)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2011","Month":"","StandardNumber":"0023-6837","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"(Vischio, Pandit, Seifert, Ovittore, Tittle, Dodge) Danbury Hospital, Danbury, CT, United States A.T. Vischio, Danbury Hospital, Danbury, CT, United States","Volume":"1)","Pages":"338A–339A","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=emed12&AN=70425371<3465>","OldItemId":"20846","Abstract":"Background: There has been a decline in the percentage of positive blood cultures yielding anaerobic organisms according to the medical literature. In order to assess whether or not it would be clinically safe and cost effective to draw only aerobic bottles during routine blood culture draws, we analyzed our laboratory data. Correctly diagnosing sepsis can have favorable results for the patient and also positive financial results for the hospital. A typical case of severe sepsis costs $25,000 per patient, corresponding to approximately $17 billion annually. If patients progress to septic shock and multiple organ dysfunction expensive therapeutic, diagnostic interventions and longer hospital stays would be required. The average cost of a positive anaerobic blood culture is $17.37 which includes $2.87 per bottle, $7.50 for technician time and $7.00 to run a confirmation panel on the Siemens MicroScan WalkAway 96 Plus . Design(s): From January 2010 to May 2010, microbiology laboratory records of all blood cultures (3,769) were analyzed from both outpatient and inpatients at our institution. Result(s): Organisms were isolated from 257 of 3,769 sets (positivity rate 6.8%): Forty-eight (48) were determined to be contaminants (1.9%). Therefore, 209 were considered clinically important. Of these, 17 (8.1%) were detected during anaerobic incubation and 43 (20.8%) were detected during aerobic incubation. The rest of the isolates (150) were detected during both aerobic and anaerobic incubation. (Table presented) Conclusion(s): It would not be clinically safe or cost effective to eliminate anaerobic blood culture bottles. We would have missed 17 clinically important bacteremias (8.1%) that could have harmed patients and led to overall higher costs. In this study, predominately facultative anaerobes were isolated from the anaerobic blood culture bottles (13 of 17). The BD BACTEC Lytic/10 Anaerobic/F Culture Vials system used at our institution utilizes .26% saponin, a detergent that lyses red and white blood cells, enabling the recovery of some bacteria that would not have grown in aerobic culture bottles.","Comments":"United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology Annual Meeting, USCAP 2011. San Antonio, TX United States. 91(SUPPL","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Vischio A T; Pandit A; Seifert J; Ovittore L; Tittle S; Dodge J L; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"","Keywords":"blood culture\r\npathology\r\nUnited States\r\npatient\r\nsepsis\r\nlaboratory\r\nleukocyte\r\nbacterium\r\nmedical literature\r\nhospital\r\ndiagnosis\r\nhospitalization\r\nmicrobiology\r\noutpatient\r\nhospital patient\r\nbacteremia\r\nanaerobe\r\nseptic shock\r\nsaponin\r\ndetergent","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Vischio A T, Pandit A, Seifert J, Ovittore L, Tittle S, and Dodge J L (2011) Are routine anaerobic blood cultures necessary?. Laboratory Investigation 1), 338A–339A"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958255,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958260,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"Diagnostic stewardship bundle which included two sets","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437698,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975787,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19988862,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437720,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129299556,"Title":"Implementation of Antibiotic Stewardship Improves the Quality of Blood Culture Diagnostics at an Intensive Care Unit of a University Hospital","ParentTitle":"Journal of Clinical Medicine","ShortTitle":"Walker (2022)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2022","Month":"","StandardNumber":"2077-0383","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"Walker, Sarah V. Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, 50923 Cologne, Germany. Walker, Sarah V. Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University Hospital of Cologne, 50935 Cologne, Germany. Walker, Sarah V. German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), 38124 Braunschweig, Germany. Steffens, Benedict. Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, 50923 Cologne, Germany. Steffens, Benedict. Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University Hospital of Cologne, 50935 Cologne, Germany. Sander, David. Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, 50923 Cologne, Germany. Sander, David. Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany. Wetsch, Wolfgang A. Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, 50923 Cologne, Germany. Wetsch, Wolfgang A. Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany.","Volume":"11","Pages":"25","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=pmnm7&DO=10.3390%2fjcm11133675","OldItemId":"1335","Abstract":"Background: Bloodstream infections increase morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients and pose a significant burden for health care systems worldwide. Optimal blood culture diagnostics are essential for early detection and specific treatment. After assessing the quality parameters at a surgical intensive care unit for six months, we implemented a diagnostic stewardship bundle (DSB) to optimize blood culture diagnostics and then reevaluated its effects after six months. Material and Methods: All patients >=18 years old and on the ward were included: pre-DSB 137 and post-DSB 158. The standard quality parameters were defined as the number of blood culture sets per diagnostic episode (>=2), the rate of contamination (2-3%), the rate of positivity (5-15%), the collection site (>=1 venipuncture per episode) and the filling volume of the bottles (8-10 mL, only post-DSB). The DSB included an informational video, a standard operating procedure, and ready-to-use paper crates with three culture sets. Results: From pre- to post-interventional, the number of >=2 culture sets per episode increased from 63.9% (257/402) to 81.3% (230/283), and venipunctures increased from 42.5% (171/402) to 77.4% (219/283). The positivity rate decreased from 15.1% (108/714) to 12.8% (83/650), as did the contamination rate (3.8% to 3.6%). The majority of the aerobic bottles were filled within the target range (255/471, 54.1%), but in 96.6%, the anaerobic bottles were overfilled (451/467). Conclusions: The implementation of DSB improved the quality parameters at the unit, thus optimizing the blood culture diagnostics. Further measures seem necessary to decrease the contamination rate and optimize bottle filling significantly.","Comments":"Using Smart Source Parsing\r\nJun\r\nWalker, Sarah V\r\nSteffens, Benedict\r\nSander, David\r\nWetsch, Wolfgang A\r\n3675","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Walker S V; Steffens B; Sander D; Wetsch W A; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11133675","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Walker S V, Steffens B, Sander D, and Wetsch W A (2022) Implementation of Antibiotic Stewardship Improves the Quality of Blood Culture Diagnostics at an Intensive Care Unit of a University Hospital. Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, 25 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11133675"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19958255,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437696,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437704,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437715,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20019833,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129302315,"Title":"Yields from blood cultures of patients with suspected paratyphoid fever A","ParentTitle":"Brazilian Journal of Microbiology","ShortTitle":"Wang (2010)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2010","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1517-8382","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"41","Pages":"283–5","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=pmnm2&DO=10.1590%2fS1517-83822010000200003","OldItemId":"4095","Abstract":"The yield and speed of detection of Salmonella enterica serotype Paratyphi A from the blood of patients with suspected paratyphoid fever A in 13 500 paired aerobic and anaerobic bottles (AEB, ANB) that were each filled with 5 ml of blood by the BacT/ALERT 3D system were compared, and the blood bacterial counts of 1 000 probable patients were estimated by pour plate method. A total of 4 060 isolates were recovered, of these, 3 149 were recovered from both AEB and ANB, 461 from the AEB only, and 450 from the ANB only. The estimating median bacterial count in blood from 400 patients was 0.5 CFU/ml. The research findings demonstrate that the blood volume drawn is an important factor determining the yields from blood cultures. Growth of significantly more isolates was detected earlier in AEB.","Comments":"Wang, S K \r\nChu, C J \r\nShan, D S \r\nSun, P S \r\nWu, Q\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Wang S K; Chu C J; Shan D S; Sun P S; Wu Q; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1517-83822010000200003","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Wang S K, Chu C J, Shan D S, Sun P S, and Wu Q (2010) Yields from blood cultures of patients with suspected paratyphoid fever A. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology 41, 283–5 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1517-83822010000200003"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437643,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958258,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437696,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437704,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437715,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20019833,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975822,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129304229,"Title":"Value of duplicate blood cultures in identifying bloodstream infection and discriminating contamination","ParentTitle":"Chinese Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy","ShortTitle":"Wang (2012)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2012","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1009-7708","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"(Wang, Tang, Zhuang, Chen, Gao) Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200233, China F. Gao, Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200233, China. E-mail: gao3507@126.com","Volume":"12(6)","Pages":"440–442","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=emed13&AN=368989470<3967>","OldItemId":"9303","Abstract":"Objective To evaluate the utility of duplicate blood cultures in identifying bloodstream infection and discriminating contamination. Methods The results of duplicate cultures during 2010-2011 were analyzed in terms of single or double positive findings. The ability of discriminating contamination was compared between single and double positive cultures. Results Duplicate blood cultures were conducted for 3 151 blood samples in our hospital during the period from 2010 through 2011, about 71. 2% of all the blood cultures in these two years. There were 483 (15. 33%) positive cultures, including double-positive for 192 samples (192/3 151, 6. 09%), single-positive for 291 (9. 23%, 291/3 151) samples. Conclusions Duplicate blood cultures can improve the detection of bloodstream infection and discrimination of contamination. Duplicate blood cultures should be recommended for identifying bloodstream infection.","Comments":"","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Wang J; Tang J; Zhuang Y; Chen Y; Gao F; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"","Keywords":"Bloodstream infection\r\nDetection\r\nDuplicate blood culture\r\narticle\r\nbacterium culture\r\nblood culture\r\nblood sampling\r\ncontamination\r\ndiagnostic value\r\ndiscriminant analysis\r\nhuman\r\nlaboratory test\r\nmajor clinical study","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Wang J, Tang J, Zhuang Y, Chen Y, and Gao F (2012) Value of duplicate blood cultures in identifying bloodstream infection and discriminating contamination. Chinese Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy 12(6), 440–442"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437643,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437671,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437682,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437696,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437704,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437715,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":130469295,"Title":"Three blood sampling approaches for blood culture","ParentTitle":"Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology","ShortTitle":"Wei-dong (2013)","DateCreated":"10/07/2026","CreatedBy":"David Marshall","DateEdited":"10/07/2026","EditedBy":"David Marshall","Year":"2013","Month":"","StandardNumber":"","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"","Pages":"","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"","OldItemId":"43","Abstract":"\"OBJECTIVE To analyze the blood culture approaches with unilateral single bottles,bottles of unilateral double,and bilateral double bottles.METHODS The blood samplings were performed by respectively adopting the unilateral single bottle(aerobic bottle),bilateral double bottle for the adult patients(two sets of aerobic and anaerobic),and the unilateral double bottle for infants(aerobic and anaerobic),the difference between the positive rates of blood culture was observed,and the contaminated bacteria were identified.RESULTS The positive rate of unilateral single bottle for the adult patients was 8.8%,bilateral double bottle 16.0%,the difference was statistically significant(P0.05).The positive rate of the unilateral single bottle for the infants was 4.5%,unilateral double bottle 5.0%,the difference was not statistically significant(P0.05).A total of 45 strains of bacteria were detected by means of the unilateral single bottle.Totally 68 strains were isolated with the bilateral double bottle,24 strains were suspicious contaminated bacteria,of which 12 strains were detected from multiple bottle,being judged as pathogenic bacteria,and the remaining 12 strains were detected from the single culture bottle,being judged as contaminated bacteria.Totally 62 strains were isolated from unilateral double bottle,36 strains were suspicious contaminated bacteria,20 strains were detected with the single culture bottle,being judged as the contaminated bacteria.CONCLUSION The blood culture with the bilateral double bottle collection for the adult patients has a distinct advantage,as compared with unilateral single bottle collection,in the increasing of positive rate or the identification of the contaminating bacteria.The blood culture with unilateral double bottle collection for the infants has the advantage,in a certain extent,in the identification of the contaminating bacteria as compared with unilateral single bottle collection,without the positive rate increasing significantly,as the blood borne infections caused by anaerobic bacteria are seldom common in the infants,it is suggested that the unilateral double bottle(aerobic and anaerobic) needs to be replaced by the bilateral single bottle(aerobic+aerobic).\"","Comments":"","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Wei-dong Xu; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Wei-dong Xu (2013) Three blood sampling approaches for blood culture. Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology , "},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437643,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958258,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437696,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437704,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437715,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975822,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20019833,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":130469472,"Title":"Advantages of aerobic and anaerobic paired culture on raising positive rate of blood culture","ParentTitle":"Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology","ShortTitle":"Wei-yan (2011)","DateCreated":"10/07/2026","CreatedBy":"David Marshall","DateEdited":"10/07/2026","EditedBy":"David Marshall","Year":"2011","Month":"","StandardNumber":"","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"","Pages":"","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"","OldItemId":"220","Abstract":"\"OBJECTIVE To discuss the advantage of aerobic and anaerobic paired culture on raising the positive rate of blood culture.METHODS Two samples were collected from each patient's different sites at the same time,one was injected into an aerobic blood culture bottle,and the other was injected into an anaerobic blood culture bottle.The aerobic and anaerobic blood culture bottles were cultured by using Bact/Alert 3D cultivator and BACTEC 9120 cultivator respectively.RESULTS There were 347 isolates(9.62%) recovered from 3605 paired aerobic and anaerobic blood culture bottles,120 positive isolates(34.58%) recovered only from aerobic bottles,and 88 isolates(25.36%) recovered only from anaerobic bottles,139 isolates(40.06%) recovered from both of the two bottles.3 cases of anaerobic bacteria were recovered in 88 isolates,accounting for 0.86%.CONCLUSION Using paired aerobic and anaerobic blood culture bottles can raise the positive rate of blood culture.It is necessary to carry out anaerobic blood culture generally..\"","Comments":"","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Wei-yan Jiang; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Wei-yan Jiang (2011) Advantages of aerobic and anaerobic paired culture on raising positive rate of blood culture. Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology , "},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437671,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437679,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437682,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437698,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437704,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437715,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20002967,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129299561,"Title":"Effects of Blood Culture Aerobic/Anaerobic Bottle Collection Patterns from Both Sides of the Body on Positive Blood Culture Rate and Time-to-Positivity","ParentTitle":"Infection & Drug Resistance","ShortTitle":"Wen (2022)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2022","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1178-6973","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"15","Pages":"2995–3004","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=pmnm7&DO=10.2147%2fIDR.S358675","OldItemId":"1340","Abstract":"Background: Although the principles for blood cultures (BCs) guidelines provide a recommendation for collection patterns, the complexity of clinical practice occasionally prompts clinicians to adopt non-standard collection patterns. Here, we investigate the influences of different BC collection patterns on detection of pathogens. Methods: The BC collection patterns of 96 hospitals were surveyed online. And a retrospective study of BC data from a tertiary hospital was conducted. Results: The results showed that 53.1% of hospitals adopted the recommended patterns. Among the 1439 episodes of true-positive BCs, 67.4% were found in both the left- and right-sided bottles; 58.2% were found in both aerobic and anaerobic bottles. Conclusion: The present study suggested that the rate of standard collection patterns of blood culture was low and the non-standard collection patterns were associated with decreased detection of pathogens. Simultaneous collection of blood on the left and right sides was recommended as an effective pattern of BC collection. Copyright © 2022 Wen et al.","Comments":"Wen, Hainan \r\nWang, Weigang \r\nXie, Shoujun \r\nSun, Qian \r\nLiang, Yueyi \r\nWen, Baojiang \r\nLiu, Yanchao \r\nSun, Lihong \r\nZhang, Zongwei \r\nCao, Jing \r\nLiu, Xiaoxuan \r\nNiu, Xiaoran \r\nOuyang, Zirou \r\nDong, Ning \r\nZhao, Jianhong\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Wen H; Wang W; Xie S; Sun Q; Liang Y; Wen B; Liu Y; Sun L; Zhang Z; Cao J; Liu X; Niu X; Ouyang Z; Dong N; Zhao J; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S358675","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Wen H, Wang W, Xie S, Sun Q, Liang Y, Wen B, Liu Y, Sun L, Zhang Z, Cao J, Liu X, Niu X, Ouyang Z, Dong N, and Zhao J (2022) Effects of Blood Culture Aerobic/Anaerobic Bottle Collection Patterns from Both Sides of the Body on Positive Blood Culture Rate and Time-to-Positivity. Infection & Drug Resistance 15, 2995–3004 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S358675"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437643,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958258,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437695,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437704,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437715,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975749,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20019833,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":130469404,"Title":"Effect on the recovery rate of Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A by selective use of aerobic and anaerobic blood culture approaches","ParentTitle":"Chinese Journal of Microecology","ShortTitle":"Xiu-hua (2007)","DateCreated":"10/07/2026","CreatedBy":"David Marshall","DateEdited":"10/07/2026","EditedBy":"David Marshall","Year":"2007","Month":"","StandardNumber":"","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"","Pages":"","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"","OldItemId":"152","Abstract":"\"Objective To evaluate the effect on the recovery rate of Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A by selective use of aerobic and anaerobic blood culture approaches.Methods A 10 ml blood sample was collected from 18 684 patients with suspected blood stream infections and cultured by using mini-VITAL automated fluorescent blood cultivator or BacT/Alert 3D cultivator.When both aerobic and anaerobic blood culture bottles were used,17 733 were detected;Aerobic culture alone detected 935 and anaerobic culture alone detected 16,each bottle held about 5-ml draw.Results A total of 3888 isolates(20.81%) were recovered from 18 684 blood samples,with 3613 isolates recovered from paired aerobic and anaerobic blood culture bottles,2802 isolates(77.55%) recovered from both bottles in each pair of bottles,406 isolates(11.24%) recovered only from aerobic bottles,and 405 isolates(11.21%) recovered only from anaerobic bottles.The aerobic and anaerobic blood culture positive alarming times for 2802 isolates were(22.56 13.22)h and(26.69 15.80)h,the aerobic culture positive alarming time for 406 isolates was(32.85 23.33)h,the anaerobic culture positive alarming time for 405 isolates was(34.46 18.44)h.Conclusions The recovery rates of aerobic and anaerobic blood culture approaches are identical.The increased positive rate when using paired aerobic and anaerobic blood culture bottles is due to the additional blood volume.\"","Comments":"","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Xiu-hua Xiang; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Xiu-hua Xiang (2007) Effect on the recovery rate of Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A by selective use of aerobic and anaerobic blood culture approaches. Chinese Journal of Microecology , "},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437643,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958258,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437696,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437704,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437715,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975822,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975769,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":130469260,"Title":"Clinical application of bilateral double bottles in blood culture","ParentTitle":"Chinese Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science","ShortTitle":"Ya-ning (2012)","DateCreated":"10/07/2026","CreatedBy":"David Marshall","DateEdited":"10/07/2026","EditedBy":"David Marshall","Year":"2012","Month":"","StandardNumber":"","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"","Pages":"","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"","OldItemId":"8","Abstract":"\"Objective To evaluate the value of bilateral double bottles for blood culture in clinical application.Methods A total of 693 blood samples obtained from the department of hematology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from April 2010 to April 2011 were detected by automated blood culture system.The true-positive rate and the pollution rate were analyzed with 3 blood culture model,i.e.,bilateral double bottles,unilateral double bottles and unilateral single bottle.Results In 308 samples of bilateral double bottles blood culture,bacterium grew in 44 samples.The number of significant positive samples was 37,and the true-positive rate was 12.0%(37/308),and the pollution rate was 2.3%(7/308).In 320 samples of unilateral double bottles blood culture,bacterium grew in 31 samples.The number of significant positive samples was 23,the true-positive rate was 7.2%(23/320),and the pollution rate was 2.5%(8/320).In 65 samples of unilateral single bottle blood culture,bacterium grew in 7 samples,in which 4 samples grew coagulase negative staphylococcus in single bottle,the true-positive rate was 4.6%(3/65),and the pollution rate was 6.2%(4/65).The true-positive rate of bilateral double bottles blood culture was higher than that of unilateral double bottles blood culture(?2=4.051,P0.05),and it was also higher than that of unilateral single bottle blood culture,but there was no significant difference.No significant difference of the pollution rates was found among the three culture methods.Conclusion Bilateral double bottles blood culture method may increase the true-positive rate of blood culture and did not increase the pollution rate.The bilateral double bottles blood culture showed available value for clinical application.\"","Comments":"","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Ya-ning Mei; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Ya-ning Mei (2012) Clinical application of bilateral double bottles in blood culture. Chinese Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science , "},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437668,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437698,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437704,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437715,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20026307,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129299308,"Title":"Evaluation of Different Blood Culture Bottles for the Diagnosis of Bloodstream Infections in Patients with HIV","ParentTitle":"Infectious Diseases & Therapy","ShortTitle":"Ye (2023)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2023","Month":"","StandardNumber":"2193-8229","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"12","Pages":"2611–2620","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=pmnm8&DO=10.1007%2fs40121-023-00883-1","OldItemId":"1087","Abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Bloodstream infection (BSI) is a significant factor contributing to hospitalization and high mortality rates among human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-positive patients. Therefore, the timely detection of this condition is of utmost importance. Blood culture is considered the gold standard for diagnosing BSIs. Currently, BD BACTEC TM Plus Aerobic/F culture bottles and the BD BACTEC TM Myco/F Lytic culture bottles can be used for blood culture. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of two different types of culture bottles in diagnosing BSIs in patients with HIV. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on HIV-positive patients hospitalized in the Infection Department of Wenzhou Central Hospital between July 2019 and October 2021. A total of 246 pairs of blood samples were included, consisting of an aerobic culture vial and a Myco/F culture vial. Blood culture results and clinical diagnosis were utilized to identify the presence of BSI. RESULTS: Out of 246 cases, 84 cases had positive blood cultures. Fungal BSIs, particularly Talaromyces marneffei BSIs, were the most prevalent among patients with HIV. The positive rate of Myco/F culture bottles (89.29%) was significantly higher compared with aerobic culture bottles (69.05%; P = 0.001). In the diagnosis of fungal BSIs, the positive rate of Myco/F culture bottles was 88.57%, which was significantly higher than that of aerobic culture bottles (72.86%; P = 0.018). The Myco/F culture bottle has more advantages in diagnosing Talaromyces marneffei BSIs (P=0.028). In addition, mycobacteria were exclusively detected in Myco/F culture bottles. CONCLUSIONS: Fungal BSIs are the predominant type of infections in HIV-positive patients. Myco/F culture bottles exhibit noteworthy attributes of high positive rate in diagnosing HIV combined with BSI. These advantages are conducive to obtaining accurate culture results and minimizing missed diagnoses. Copyright © 2023. The Author(s).","Comments":"Ye, Hui \r\nSu, Fei-Fei \r\nCui, Xiao-Ya \r\nGuo, Xiu-Xiu \r\nZhu, Tian-Ye \r\nKong, De-Yong \r\nMiao, Xing-Guo\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Ye H; Su F F; Cui X Y; Guo X X; Zhu T Y; Kong D Y; Miao X G; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40121-023-00883-1","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Ye H, Su F F, Cui X Y, Guo X X, Zhu T Y, Kong D Y, and Miao X G (2023) Evaluation of Different Blood Culture Bottles for the Diagnosis of Bloodstream Infections in Patients with HIV. Infectious Diseases & Therapy 12, 2611–2620 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40121-023-00883-1"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437643,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958258,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437671,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437696,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437704,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437715,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958260,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975822,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":130469483,"Title":"Positive rate of blood culture with single and bilateral blood collection methods and analysis of pathogens","ParentTitle":"Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology","ShortTitle":"Yu (2013)","DateCreated":"10/07/2026","CreatedBy":"David Marshall","DateEdited":"10/07/2026","EditedBy":"David Marshall","Year":"2013","Month":"","StandardNumber":"","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"","Pages":"","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"","OldItemId":"231","Abstract":"\"OBJECTIVE To analyze the positive rates of the blood culture with the single and bilateral blood collection methods and the detection rates of pathogens so as to help the clinic to conduct the targeted antibiotic treatment.METHODS The single side blood collection was performed from Feb to Feb 2010,and the bilateral sides blood collection was performed during March 2010-Mar 2011.All blood culture bottles were cultured by BACTEC 9050 cultivator.Bacterial identification of positive samples were completed by normal method following sub-cultivation,and the susceptibility testings were performed by K-B diffusion method,and the positive rates of the blood cultures and the detection rates of pathogens were taken for statistics.RESULTS Totally 650 blood specimens were collected with the single side method,among which 36 specimens were isolated the pathogens,the positive rate was 5.5%.Totally 656 blood specimens were collected with the bilateral sides method,among which 85 specimens were isolated the pathogens,with the positive rate of 7.5% higher than that of the single side method.The isolation rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) was 25.0% with the single side blood collection method,45.0% with the bilateral sides blood collection methods;the isolation rate of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus(MRCNS) was 41.6% with single side and 73.0% with bilateral sides;the isolation rate of extended spectrum ?-lactamases(ESBLs)-producing bacteria was 19.0% with the single side and 56.6% with the bilateral sides.CONCLUSION Collecting blood samples with bilateral sides method gives a higher isolation rate than dose that with the single side method,the isolation rates of the MRSA,MRCNS and ESBLs-producing bacteria increase rapidly.\"","Comments":"","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Yu Zhang; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Yu Zhang (2013) Positive rate of blood culture with single and bilateral blood collection methods and analysis of pathogens. Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology , "},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437671,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958255,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437698,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975768,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437751,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129300164,"Title":"Single-Sampling Strategy vs. Multi-Sampling Strategy for Blood Cultures in Sepsis: A Prospective Non-inferiority Study","ParentTitle":"Frontiers in Microbiology","ShortTitle":"Yu (2020)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2020","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1664-302X","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"11","Pages":"1639","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=pmnm5&DO=10.3389%2ffmicb.2020.01639","OldItemId":"1943","Abstract":"BACKGROUND: Optimal sampling is critical for the performance of blood cultures (BCs). Most guidelines recommend collecting 40 ml of blood, divided between two venipuncture sites, i.e., multi-sampling strategy (MSS). Sampling through a single venipuncture site, i.e., single-sampling strategy (SSS) is easier; however, the diagnostic performance of SSS compared to MSS remains unknown. Thus, we aimed to study if SSS is non-inferior to MSS for detection of pathogenic microorganisms. METHODS: A prospective, paired, non-inferiority design was used. Patients with clinically suspected sepsis admitted to an Emergency Department were included. Six BC bottles were simultaneously collected, consisting of four BC bottles from the first arm and two from the other arm. SSS consisted of BC bottles 1, 2, 3, and 4, and MSS consisted of BC bottles 1, 2, 5, and 6. Samples were incubated in a BacT/ALERT BC system. RESULTS: The final analysis included 549 episodes. Pathogenic microorganisms were detected in 162 cases (29.5%) with MSS and 160 cases (29.1%) with SSS, yielding an absolute difference of 0.36%, with a 95% confidence interval of -1.33 to 2.06%, which did not exceed the predefined non-inferiority margin of 5%. MSS tended to produce more contaminant growth (7.3% of cases) than SSS (5.3% of cases; p = 0.072). CONCLUSION: The study showed that SSS was non-inferior to MSS in detecting pathogenic microorganisms and supports the use of SSS as a routine method. Copyright © 2020 Yu, Larsson, Parke, Unge, Henning, Sunden-Cullberg, Somell, Stralin and Ozenci.","Comments":"Yu, David \r\nLarsson, Anna \r\nParke, Asa \r\nUnge, Christian \r\nHenning, Claes \r\nSunden-Cullberg, Jonas \r\nSomell, Anna \r\nStralin, Kristoffer \r\nOzenci, Volkan\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Yu D; Larsson A; Parke A; Unge C; Henning C; Sunden-Cullberg J; Somell A; Stralin K; Ozenci V; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01639","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Yu D, Larsson A, Parke A, Unge C, Henning C, Sunden-Cullberg J, Somell A, Stralin K, and Ozenci V (2020) Single-Sampling Strategy vs. Multi-Sampling Strategy for Blood Cultures in Sepsis: A Prospective Non-inferiority Study. Frontiers in Microbiology 11, 1639 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01639"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437667,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975822,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437642,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437678,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437696,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437701,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437702,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958258,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437707,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129309159,"Title":"The value of the anaerobic blood culture bottle","ParentTitle":"Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology","ShortTitle":"Zadroga (2012)","DateCreated":"02/06/2026","CreatedBy":"Melissa Harden","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2012","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1712-9532","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"(Zadroga, Hansen) University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States (Gottschall, Hansen) Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN, United States R. Zadroga, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States","Volume":"SB)","Pages":"9B","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"http://www.pulsus.com/journals/pdf_frameset.jsp?jnlKy=3&atlKy=635&isArt=f&jnlAdvert=Infdis&adverifHCTp=&supKy=493&sTitle=AMMI%20Abstracts%2C%20Pulsus%20Group%20Inc&VisitorType=Consumer https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=emed13&AN=71967253<3212>","OldItemId":"20595","Abstract":"Objective: Anaerobic blood culture media are not universally used in blood culture sets to detect blood borne pathogens. Recent publications suggest an anaerobic(AN) and aerobic bottle have increased bacterial recovery over 2 aerobic bottles per blood culture set. Detection of strict anaerobes is uncommon, but the utility of the AN bottle may be to aid in detection of aerobic organisms. Method(s): Over an 8 month period in a 477 bed urban, level I trauma centre, all blood cultures drawn as an aerobic/AN set (BACTEC FX, Becton Dickinson) were reviewed. Sets with growth only in the AN bottle were included. Data collected included: overall bacterial yield, species identification, pathogen/contaminant, and anaerobe/aerobe classification. Septic events, defined as the recovery of a presumed pathogen from patient within a 7 day period were counted. Missed septic events were calculated by identifying which patients had another positive culture with the same organism in an aerobic bottle within 48 hrs of the original collection. Result(s): Overall 9,395 cultures were collected hospital wide, with 1,265 positive cultures (13.5%). Growth in AN bottles only occurred in 203 cases, representing 191 patients, and 16% of the total positive cultures. Of these 203, 83(41%) grew aerobic pathogens, 16(7%) grew AN pathogens, 77(38%) aerobic contaminants, 23(11%) AN contaminants, and 4(2%) grew organisms of indeterminate clinical significance. 92 septic events were identified, representing 25 distinct organisms. Of the 77 patients growing only aerobic pathogens, 24 (31%) septic events would have been identified within 48 hours by another aerobic culture. However, in 53/77 (69%) cases, no other cultures were positive within 48 hrs of collection. One patient had 3 serial cultures positive for E. faecalis only in the AN bottle. Organisms identified included Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, and E. faecalis, in 28, 19, and 6 cultures respectively. Conclusion(s): The importance of the AN bottle for aerobic recovery is clear, as 83/203 (41%) of the AN bottles grew aerobic pathogens. Furthermore, 53/77(69%) of septic events identified only by the AN bottle grew aerobic pathogens. Had an anaerobic bottle not been drawn, these events would have gone unrecognized.","Comments":"AMMI Canada-CACMID 2012 Annual Conference. Vancouver, BC Canada. 23(SUPPL","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Zadroga R; Gottschall R; Hansen G; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"","Keywords":"blood culture\r\nCanada\r\npathogenesis\r\nhuman\r\npatient\r\ninjury\r\nanaerobe\r\nbloodborne bacterium\r\nclassification\r\norganisms\r\nhospital\r\nStaphylococcus aureus\r\nEscherichia coli\r\nspecies identification\r\nculture medium","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Zadroga R, Gottschall R, and Hansen G (2012) The value of the anaerobic blood culture bottle. Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology SB), 9B"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437640,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958256,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437668,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437682,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437697,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437703,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437746,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975750,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975770,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19988858,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":129301221,"Title":"A dedicated fungal culture medium is useful in the diagnosis of fungemia: a retrospective cross-sectional study","ParentTitle":"PLoS ONE [Electronic Resource]","ShortTitle":"Zheng (2016)","DateCreated":"17/06/2026","CreatedBy":"mh632","DateEdited":"02/06/2026","EditedBy":"Melissa Harden","Year":"2016","Month":"","StandardNumber":"1932-6203","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"11","Pages":"e0164668","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med13&DO=10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0164668","OldItemId":"3000","Abstract":"BACKGROUND: Mortality for candidemia ranges from 15% to 35%. Current guidelines recommend inoculating blood into three aerobic and three anaerobic blood culture bottles when candidemia is suspected, without mention of a fungal blood culture bottle. OBJECTIVE: To determine the value of the BACTEC Myco/F Lytic blood culture media in the diagnosis of fungemia. METHODS: A two-year retrospective cross-sectional study was performed for patients who had fungemia with submitted BACTEC Plus Aerobic/F (Aer), BACTEC Plus Anaerobic/F (Anaer) or Myco/F Lytic (Myco) blood culture bottles. RESULTS: The detection rate of fungemia was 77.4% in 93 patients with contemporaneously submitted blood culture bottles when limited to only Aer/Anaer culture results. The detection rate improved significantly with the addition of the Myco culture bottle results (p<0.0001). A logistic regression model showed that Myco culture bottle submissions were less useful for patients with appropriate anti-fungal therapy administered within 48 hours [OR = 0.18, 95% CI = (0.06, 0.49), p = 0.001] and those with fungal growth detected within 48 hours [OR = 0.33, 95% CI = (0.12, 0.89), p = 0.001]. Among a subset of patients with concordant blood culture results, those with Myco culture bottles submission allowed earlier fungal detection and speciation by at least one day in 27.5% and 25.0% of the cases respectively. CONCLUSION: Our study highlights the importance of a dedicated fungal blood culture when fungemia is clinically suspected. Nearly a quarter of fungemias may be missed if a fungal blood culture is not performed.","Comments":"Zheng, Shuwei \r\nNg, Tong Yong \r\nLi, Huihua \r\nTan, Ai Ling \r\nTan, Thuan Tong \r\nTan, Ban Hock\r\n","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Zheng S; Ng T Y; Li H; Tan A L; Tan T T; Tan B H; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0164668","Keywords":"*Culture Media/ch [Chemistry]\r\n*Fungemia/di [Diagnosis]\r\n*Fungi/ip [Isolation & Purification]\r\n0 (Culture Media)\r\nClinical Laboratory Techniques/st [Standards]\r\nCross-Sectional Studies\r\nFungemia/mi [Microbiology]\r\nHospital\r\nHumans\r\nLaboratories\r\nOdds Ratio\r\nRetrospective Studies","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Zheng S, Ng T Y, Li H, Tan A L, Tan T T, and Tan B H (2016) A dedicated fungal culture medium is useful in the diagnosis of fungemia: a retrospective cross-sectional study. PLoS ONE [Electronic Resource] 11, e0164668 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0164668"},{"Codes":[{"AttributeId":19437643,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958261,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437663,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437669,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437677,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437697,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437704,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19437715,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19958258,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":19975822,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]},{"AttributeId":20019833,"AdditionalText":"","ArmId":0,"ArmTitle":"","ItemAttributeFullTextDetails":[]}],"Outcomes":[],"Arms":[],"Timepoints":[],"ItemId":130469369,"Title":"Blood culture positive rate and distribution of pathogens with different submission methods","ParentTitle":"","ShortTitle":"Zhiwei (2015)","DateCreated":"10/07/2026","CreatedBy":"David Marshall","DateEdited":"10/07/2026","EditedBy":"David Marshall","Year":"2015","Month":"","StandardNumber":"","City":"","Country":"","Publisher":"","Institution":"","Volume":"","Pages":"","Edition":"","Issue":"","Availability":"","URL":"","OldItemId":"117","Abstract":"\"Objective:To understand the effect of different submission methods on blood culture positive rate and the distribution of pathogens.Methods:Blood culture of blood specimens submitted in 2013 was performed with BD FX400 automated blood culture system.Characterization of pathogens was further performed for positive specimens.Blood culture positive rate and the distribution of pathogens with different submission methods were analyzed.Results:A total of 687 pathogens were found from 5 565 blood specimens with a positive rate of 12.3%(687/5 565),where bilateral double bottles submission accounted for 87.6%(4 875/5 565) with a positive rate of 12.8%(624/4 875).The positive rate of blood culture with bilateral double bottles was significantly higher than that with unilateral single bottle of 9.0%(30/335)(?~2=0.0025,P0.005) and that with bilateral single bottle of 9.3%(33/355).However,there was no statistical difference in positive rate between bilateral double bottles and bilateral single bottle.Escherichia coli was the pathogen with the highest detection rate,which was 27.6%(172/624) and30.3%(10/33) for bilateral double bottles and bilateral single bottle,respectively.With regard to unilateral single bottle,coagulase-negative staphylococci were the mostly detected pathogen,accounting for 40%(12/30).The detection rate of coagulase-negative staphylococci in blood cultures with bilateral double bottles and bilateral single bottles were 12.8%(80/624) and 18.2%(6/33),respectively.Among the 624 pathogens isolated with bilateral double bottle specimens,77 could only grow in anaerobic conditions,accounting for 11.2%of blood culture isolates total(77/687).Conclusion:Bilateral double bottle submission methods can increase blood culture positive rate with a decrease in undetected rate,which will help to improve the quality of blood culture tests.\"","Comments":"","TypeName":"Journal, Article","Authors":"Zhiwei Tang; ","ParentAuthors":"","DOI":"","Keywords":"","ItemStatus":"I","ItemStatusTooltip":"Included in review","QuickCitation":"Zhiwei Tang (2015) Blood culture positive rate and distribution of pathogens with different submission methods.  , "}]}